| Country: | Switzerland |
| Previous Election: | 2011 |
| Next Election: | 2019 |
| Seats For Election: | All 200 seats in the National Council (101 seats needed for a majority) All 46 seats in the Council of States (24 seats needed for a majority) |
| Turnout: | 48.5% 0.0 pp |
| Election Date: | 18 October 2015 |
| Heading1: | National Council |
| Leader1: | Toni Brunner |
| Party1: | Swiss People's Party |
| Percentage1: | 29.4% |
| Last Election1: | 54 |
| Seats1: | 65 |
| Leader2: | Christian Levrat |
| Party2: | Social Democratic Party of Switzerland |
| Percentage2: | 18.8% |
| Last Election2: | 46 |
| Seats2: | 43 |
| Leader3: | Philipp Müller |
| Party3: | FDP.The Liberals |
| Percentage3: | 16.4% |
| Last Election3: | 30 |
| Seats3: | 33 |
| Party4: | Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland |
| Percentage4: | 11.6% |
| Last Election4: | 28 |
| Seats4: | 27 |
| Leader5: | Adèle Thorens Regula Rytz |
| Party5: | Green Party of Switzerland |
| Percentage5: | 7.1% |
| Last Election5: | 15 |
| Seats5: | 11 |
| Leader6: | Martin Bäumle |
| Party6: | Green Liberal Party of Switzerland |
| Percentage6: | 4.6% |
| Last Election6: | 12 |
| Seats6: | 7 |
| Leader7: | Martin Landolt |
| Party7: | Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland |
| Percentage7: | 4.1% |
| Last Election7: | 9 |
| Seats7: | 7 |
| Leader8: | Marianne Streiff |
| Party8: | Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland |
| Percentage8: | 1.9% |
| Last Election8: | 2 |
| Seats8: | 2 |
| Leader9: | Attilio Bignasca |
| Party9: | Ticino League |
| Percentage9: | 1.0% |
| Last Election9: | 2 |
| Seats9: | 2 |
| Leader10: | Gavriel Pinson |
| Party10: | Swiss Party of Labour |
| Percentage10: | 0.4% |
| Last Election10: | 0 |
| Seats10: | 1 |
| Leader11: | Sepp Stalder |
| Party11: | Christian Social Party of Obwalden |
| Percentage11: | 0.4% |
| Last Election11: | 1 |
| Seats11: | 1 |
| Leader12: | Roger Golay |
| Party12: | Geneva Citizens' Movement |
| Percentage12: | 0.3% |
| Last Election12: | 1 |
| Seats12: | 1 |
| Heading13: | Council of States |
| Party13: | Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland |
| Last Election13: | 13 |
| Seats13: | 13 |
| Party14: | FDP.The Liberals |
| Last Election14: | 11 |
| Seats14: | 13 |
| Party15: | Social Democratic Party of Switzerland |
| Last Election15: | 11 |
| Seats15: | 12 |
| Party16: | Swiss People's Party |
| Last Election16: | 5 |
| Seats16: | 5 |
| Party17: | Green Party of Switzerland |
| Last Election17: | 2 |
| Seats17: | 1 |
| Party18: | Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland |
| Last Election18: | 1 |
| Seats18: | 1 |
| Party19: | Independent (politician) |
| Last Election19: | 1 |
| Seats19: | 1 |
Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 18 October 2015 for the National Council and the first round of elections to the Council of States, with runoff elections to the Council of States being held in various cantons until 22 November.[1] [2]
Results showed a shift, due to voter concerns regarding refugee immigration, to the right and increased support for the three largest parties, with the strong showing of Swiss People's Party and FDP.The Liberals possibly affecting future reforms of energy, social security and tax issues, as well as the make-up of the seven-member government.[3] [4] [5]
The Swiss People's Party won a record number of seats, taking a third of the 200-seat lower house. The SVP received the highest proportion of votes of any Swiss political party since 1919, when proportional representation was first introduced,[6] and it received more seats in the National Council than any other political party since 1963, when the number of seats was set at 200.
The federal election was followed by the 2015 Swiss Federal Council election on 9 December 2015, where the SVP won a second seat on the Federal Council.
The 200 members of the National Council were elected by plurality in six single-member constituencies, and by proportional representation in 20 multi-member constituencies, with the 26 constituencies being the 26 cantons.[7] The elections were held using the open list system where voters could cross out names on party lists, with voters also able to split their vote between parties (a system known as panachage) or draw up their own list on a blank ballot. Seats are allocated using the Hagenbach-Bischoff system.[8]
The 46 members of the Council of States were elected in 20 two-seat constituencies (representing the 20 full cantons) and six single-member constituencies (representing the six half-cantons). In Jura and Neuchâtel the elections were held using proportional representation. In the other cantons, councilors are elected through an up to two-round system of voting. In the first round of voting, candidates must obtain an absolute majority of the vote in order to be elected. If no candidate receives an absolute majority in the first round of voting then a second round is held in which a simple plurality is sufficient to be elected. The top two finishing candidates are elected in the second round.[9] [10]
Compulsory voting was in force in the canton of Schaffhausen for both elections.[11]
The parties contesting the elections were:
| Political party | Leader | Political spectrum | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Swiss People's Party (SVP) | Toni Brunner | Right-wing | |
| Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SP) | Christian Levrat | Centre-left to left-wing | |
| FDP.The Liberals (FDP) | Philipp Müller | Centre-right | |
| Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland (CVP/PDC) | Christophe Darbellay | Centre to centre-right | |
| Green Party of Switzerland (GPS) | Adèle Thorens, Regula Rytz | Left-wing | |
| Green Liberal Party of Switzerland (glp) | Martin Bäumle | Centre | |
| Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland (BDP) | Martin Landolt | Centre to centre-right | |
| Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland (EVP) | Marianne Streiff | Centre | |
| Ticino League (TL) | Attilio Bignasca | Right-wing | |
| Alternative Left (AL) | Frédéric Charpié | Left-wing | |
| Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland (EDU) | Hans Moser | Right-wing | |
| Christian Social Party (Switzerland) (CSP) | Marius Achermann | Centre-left | |
| Geneva Citizens' Movement (MCG) | Roger Golay | Right-wing |
| Date | style="width:350px;" | Institution | SVP | SPS | FDP | CVP | GPS | BDP | GLP | EVP | AL | EDU | LEGA | CSP | MCG | Other | Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18 October 2015 | 2015 Elections | 29.4% | 18.8% | 16.4% | 11.6% | 7.1% | 4.1% | 4.6% | 1.9% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 0.2% | 0.3% | – | 10.6% | |
| 2 October 2015 | Sotomo/20min | 29.0% | 18.4% | 15.8% | 11.4% | 7.4% | 4.9% | 5.2% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 7.9% | 10.6% | |
| 16 September 2015 | Sotomo/20min | 29.0% | 17.6% | 16.8% | 11.2% | 6.9% | 4.9% | 5.1% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 11.4% | |
| GfS Berne/SSR | 28.0% | 19.3% | 16.9% | 11.1% | 7.4% | 4.2% | 4.3% | 1.7% | – | – | – | – | – | 7.1% | 8.7% | ||
| 24 June 2015 | 20min/Somoto | 27.6% | 18.2% | 16.4% | 12.0% | 6.8% | 4.9% | 5.0% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 13.0% | 9.4% | |
| 24 June 2015 | GfS Berne/SSR | 26.1% | 19.3% | 17.1% | 11.5% | 7.4% | 4.4% | 4.8% | 1.9% | – | 1.1% | 0.9% | – | – | 5.5% | 6.8% | |
| 31 March 2015 | GfS Berne/SSR | 26.2% | 19.6% | 16.3% | 11.8% | 7.5% | 4.6% | 5.6% | 1.9% | – | 1.0% | 0.8% | – | – | 4.7% | 6.5% | |
| 21 December 2014 | 23.8% | 19.8% | 15.7% | 12.4% | 8.2% | 7.2% | 7.4% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6.0% | ||
| 3 October 2014 | GfS Berne/Le Temps | 24.6% | 20.1% | 15.8% | 11.2% | 7.3% | 4.8% | 7.3% | 1.8% | – | 1.4% | 1% | – | – | 4.7% | 4.5% | |
| 30 March 2014 | Léger Marketing/Le Matin | 25% | 19.4% | 15.2% | 12.2% | 7.4% | 6.9% | 6.6% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.6% | |
| 27 September 2013 | GfS Berne/SSR | 25.8% | 18.7% | 14.7% | 11.7% | 8.3% | 7.5% | 5.8% | 1.8% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 1.0% | – | – | 2.5% | 7.1% | |
| 15 September 2013 | Isopublic/Le Matin | 24.3% | 19.6% | 14.1% | 13.1% | 7.3% | 6.1% | 6.6% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.7% | |
| 21 October 2012 | Isopublic/Blick | 23.7% | 19.5% | 15.9% | 12.9% | 8.2% | 6.9% | 7.0% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.2% | |
| 16 September 2012 | Isopublic/Le Matin | 23.9% | 19.3% | 16.3% | 13% | 8.2% | 6.2% | 7.7% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 4.6% | |
| 25 March 2012 | Isopublic/Le Matin | 23.7% | 19.9% | 15.8% | 12.1% | 8.2% | 7.0% | 7.5% | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.8% | |
| 23 October 2011 | 2011 Elections | 26.6% | 18.7% | 15.1% | 12.3% | 8.4% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 2% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 0.8% | 0.3% | 0.4% | – | 7.9% |
Global media commented on the gains of the Swiss People's Party, linking it to concerns of the electorate on the European migrant crisis.[12] [13] [14] [15] Combined, right-of-centre parties received a slim 101-seat majority in the National Council.[5] [6] While the right-of-centre SVP and FDP made gains, centrist and left-of-centre parties lost seats in the National Council.[16] [17] The FDP increased its share of the popular vote for the first time since the 1979 federal election.[17]
In the Swiss capital Bern, a group of activists in favour of settling refugees held a demonstration on the day of the election, which is prohibited by law. A total of 110 were arrested.[18]
The election results elicited various responses from the Swiss media, such as that the election represented "a return to normality" after a period when the legislative makeup was not as clear, or that it represented "a divided country."[19] [20] Newspapers, both in Switzerland and in other countries, also noted the SVP's historic gains.[20]
The 2015 federal election was followed by the 2015 Swiss Federal Council election on 9 December 2015.[21]
Owing to the results of the federal election, Federal Councillor Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf, a member of the Conservative Democratic Party (BDP), announced she would not run for re-election, as the Swiss People's Party (SVP) won a record percentage of the vote, while her own party decreased its share.[22] The SVP was widely expected to fill her seat in the election, and it chose Thomas Aeschi (Zug), Guy Parmelin (Vaud) and Norman Gobbi (Ticino) as candidates for the seat, with Aeschi being the favorite at the time.[23] [24]
Guy Parmelin, of the SVP, was ultimately elected on 9 December.[21] Parmelin, a farmer and winegrower from Bursins in canton Vaud, was the first member of the Federal Council who is also a member of the Swiss People's Party from the French-speaking part of Switzerland.[21] [25]
There was a minor cabinet reshuffle after the election, as newly elected Parmelin was selected to become head of the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, replacing fellow SVP-member Ueli Maurer, who became head of the Federal Department of Finance.[26] The SVP gained its second seat in the Federal Council, which it had lost in 2008, when the newly created BDP split from the SVP.