2015 Parti Québécois leadership election explained

Election Name:	2015 Parti Québécois leadership election
Country:	Quebec
Type:	presidential
Ongoing:	no
Previous Election:	2007 Parti Québécois leadership election
Previous Year:	2007
Next Election:	2016 Parti Québécois leadership election
Next Year:	2016
Election Date:	13–15 May 2015
Turnout:	79.9%
4Blank:	Percentage
3Blank:	Second Ballot
2Blank:	Third Ballot
1Blank:	Fourth (final) Ballot
Candidate1:	Pierre Karl Péladeau
4Data1:	57.58%
Candidate2:	Alexandre Cloutier
4Data2:	29.21%
Candidate3:	Martine Ouellet
4Data3:	13.21%
Leader
Before Election:	Stéphane Bédard (interim)
After Election:	Pierre Karl Péladeau

The 2015 Parti Québécois leadership election was held from May 13 to May 15, 2015 as a result of the resignation of Parti Québécois leader Pauline Marois after the defeat of her government in the April 7, 2014 provincial election.

Procedure

The election was conducted using a one member, one vote formula. Each member of the Parti Quebecois was allowed to vote by phone or on the web from May 13 until May 15. If there is not a majority for a candidate (50% +1) on the first ballot, there will be a run-off ballot between the two candidates who had the most votes on the first ballot. If a second ballot was required, it would have been held from May 20 until May 22. To be nominated, a candidate needed to collect 2,000 signatures aggregated from 50 ridings, in 10 regions and pay $20,000 to be listed on the first ballot. If there were a second ballot, candidates would have had to pay an additional $5,000. The spending limit was $400,000. A proposal to allow a vote open to non-members was defeated.^{[1] [2]}

Timeline

• April 7, 2014: General election results in the defeat of the incumbent PQ government. Pauline Marois, who lost her seat in the National Assembly of Quebec, announces that she will be resigning as party leader.
• April 10, 2014: Stéphane Bédard chosen interim parliamentary leader by the PQ caucus.^[3]
• May 13, 2014: Former Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe announces he will not be a candidate for the PQ leadership despite polls showing him to be the most popular choice of the potential candidates.
• June 7, 2014: Marois' resignation takes effect; Parti Québécois Council of Presidents meets to discuss the party's future course and the timing and rules for the leadership election. A decision on setting a date for the election was deferred until the fall. A proposal was made to hold an open primary in which all Quebeckers could vote for the party's leader.^{[4] [5] [6]}
• October 4, 2014: PQ riding association presidents met in Sherbrooke, Quebec to decide rules and timeline for leadership election.^[7]
• October 14, 2014: Nomination period opens.
• October 14, 2014: Martine Ouellet declares her candidacy.
• October 20, 2014: Bernard Drainville declares his candidacy.
• October 21, 2014: Pierre Céré declares his candidacy.
• October 27, 2014: Alexandre Cloutier declares his candidacy.
• October 31, 2014: Jean-François Lisée declares his candidacy.
• November 27, 2014: Pierre Karl Péladeau declares his candidacy.
• January 23, 2015: Lisée withdraws.
• January 30, 2015: Deadline for candidates to be nominated.^[1]
• March 11, 2015: First official debate is held in Trois-Rivières
• April 1, 2015: Second debate is held in Sherbrooke
• April 15, 2015: Third debate is held in Quebec City
• April 22, 2015: Drainville withdraws, endorses Péladeau.
• May 3, 2015: Fourth debate is held in Rimouski
• May 7, 2015: Fifth debate will be held in Montreal
• May 10, 2015: Céré withdraws, endorses Ouellet and Cloutier.
• May 13–15, 2015: First ballot voting^[1]
• May 15, 2015, 9pm: First ballot results announced at the Quebec City Convention Centre^[8]

Declared candidates

Alexandre Cloutier

BackgroundMNA for Lac-Saint-Jean (2007–present), Minister for Canadian Intergovernmental Affairs, the Canadian Francophonie and Sovereignist Governance (2012–2014).^[9]

Date candidacy declared: October 27, 2014^[9]

Supporters

Support from caucus members: (3) Gaétan Lelièvre,^[10] Véronique Hivon,^[11] François Gendron^[12]

Support from former caucus members: (9) Louise Harel,^[13] Louise Beaudoin,^[14] Stéphan Tremblay,^[15] Léo Bureau-Blouin,^[16] Jean-Marie Claveau, Henri Lemay, Denis Trottier, Cécile Vermette^[17]

Other prominent supporters: Richard Nadeau (former MP), Serge Ménard (former MP), Claude Patry (MP)^[18]

Policies: Wants to PQ to stop being a "carbon copy" of the past and has stated education and youth is his top priority.^[19]

Martine Ouellet

BackgroundMNA for Vachon (2010–present), Minister of Natural Resources and Wildlife (2012–2014). An engineer by training.^[20]

Date candidacy declared: October 14, 2014^[20]

Supporters

Support from caucus members:

Support from former caucus members: (3) Émilien Pelletier,^[21] André Gaulin

Other prominent supporters: France Bonsant (former MP), Thierry St-Cyr (former MP),^[17] Sylvie Legault (2014 candidate in Mercier),^[22] Michel Parent (president of Montreal’s blue collar workers’ union), JiCi Lauzon (actor),^[23] Pierre Céré, (2015 leadership candidate and 2014 MNA candidate in Laurier-Dorion)

Policies: Calls for a sovereignty referendum during her first term leading a PQ government,^[24] and has stated environmentalism and social-democracy are at the heart of her campaign.

Pierre Karl Péladeau

BackgroundMNA for Saint-Jérôme (2014–present), principal shareholder and former president and CEO of Québecor Inc.^[25]

Date candidacy declared: November 27, 2014^[25]

Supporters

Support from caucus members: (15) Nicole Léger, Harold LeBel, Pascal Bérubé,^[26] Maka Kotto, Claude Cousineau, Dave Turcotte, Nicolas Marceau,^[27] Sylvain Rochon, Diane Lamarre, Bernard Drainville, Sylvain Gaudreault, Guy Leclair, Sylvain Roy, Alain Therrien, Mathieu Traversy^[17]

Support from former caucus members: (35) Bernard Landry (former Premier of Quebec),^[28] Jacques Baril, Yves Beaumier, Pierre Bélanger, Manon Blanchet, André Boulerice, Guy Chevrette, Yves Duhaime, Linda Goupil, Jean-Pierre Jolivet, Guy Julien, Marcel Landry, Scott McKay, Matthias Rioux, Étienne-Alexis Boucher, Diane Barbeau, René Blouin, Serge Cardin, Jean-Paul Champagne, Noëlla Champagne, Solange Charest, Jacques Côté, Daniel Doyer, Luc Ferland, Serge Geoffrion, Daniel Goyer, Jean-Marc Lacoste, Richard Le Hir, Léopold Marquis, Michel Morin, Claude Pinard, Jérôme Proulx, Luc Trudel, Daniel Turp^[29]

Other prominent supporters: Yves Michaud (former Liberal MNA 1966-1970),^[29] Yves Rocheleau (former MP), Ève-Mary Thaï Thi Lac (former MP),^[17] Pierre Paquette (former MP)

Policies: Has stated he's less interested in referendum dates and more on explaining the benefits of sovereignty. This has drawn criticism from other candidates, who claim he's too vague.^[30]

Withdrawn candidates

BackgroundSpokesperson for the Conseil national des chômeurs, PQ activist and 2014 candidate in Laurier-Dorion.^[31]

Date candidacy declared: October 21, 2014^[31]

Date of withdrawal: May 10, 2015, endorsed Ouellet and Cloutier ^[32]

Supporters

Support from caucus members:

Support from former caucus members:

Other prominent supporters: Yves Lessard (former MP), Claude Guimond (former MP), Claude Patry (MP)

Policies: Calls for a PQ government to negotiate a new partnership with Ottawa. If the negotiation fails, the government will call a new referendum on independence. Céré's platform is social-democratic, defending the welfare state and proposing a series of measures to reconnect the party with the people.

Bernard Drainville

BackgroundMNA for Marie-Victorin (2007–present), Minister responsible for Democratic Institutions and Active Citizenship (2012–2014) and the main architect and defender of the Quebec Charter of Values.^[33] former Radio-Canada journalist.^[34]

Date candidacy declared: October 20, 2014^[35]

Date of withdrawal: April 22, 2015, endorsed Péladeau^[36]

Supporters

Support from caucus members: (7) Alain Therrien, Guy Leclair, Sylvain Roy, Mathieu Traversy,^{[37] [38]} Carole Poirier,^[39] Sylvain Gaudreault,^[40] André Villeneuve^[41]

Support from former caucus members: (1) Gilles Chapadeau^[42]

Other prominent supporters:

Policies: Has said he would not hold a sovereignty referendum in his first term as premier.^[24]

Jean-François Lisée

Background

MNA for Rosemont (2012–present), Minister of International Relations, La Francophonie and External Trade (2012–2014), former journalist and professor.^[43]

Date candidacy declared: October 31, 2014^[43]

Date of withdrawal: January 23, 2015^[44]

Supporters

Support from caucus members:

Support from former caucus members:

Other prominent supporters: Evelyne Abitbol (2014 candidate in Acadie)^[45]

Policies: In the wake of the PQ's election defeat he has been critical of the party's proposed Quebec Charter of Values.^[33] Has said he wants to reboot the PQ as inclusive and less focused on division, and open to anglophone and minority voters.^[46]

Declined to run

• Jean-Martin Aussant, former MNA for Nicolet-Yamaska (2008–2012), Leader of Option nationale (2011–2013).^[47]
• Gilles Duceppe, former leader of the Bloc Québécois (1997–2011) and MP for Laurier—Sainte-Marie (1990–2011).^[48] Announced on May 13, 2014 that he will not be a candidate.^[49]
• Sylvain Gaudreault, MNA for Jonquière (2007–present), Minister of Municipal Affairs and Transport (2012–2014).
• Réjean Hébert, former MNA for Saint-François (2012–2014), Minister of Health (2012–2014).^[50] Announced on September 3, 2014, that he is finished with politics and is resuming his career as a physician.^[51]
• Véronique Hivon, MNA for Joliette (2008–present), Minister of Social services and Youth protection (2012 - 2014).^[52]
• Nicole Léger, MNA for Pointe-aux-Trembles (1996–2006, 2008–present), Minister responsible for Family Services (1998–2001), Minister responsible for the War against Poverty (2001–2003), Minister of Families (2012–2014).^[26]
• Nicolas Marceau, MNA for Rousseau (2009–present), Minister of Finance (2012–2014).^[53] Announced on 10 November that he will not be a candidate.^[54]

Slogans

• Pierre Céré: Un Québec Juste, Un Québec Libre
• Alexandre Cloutier: Maintenant. Autrement.
• Bernard Drainville: Votre Voix
• Martine Ouellet: Oui, c'est vrai
• Pierre-Karl Péladeau: Réussir

Results

• Pierre Karl Péladeau 57.58%
• Alexandre Cloutier 29.21%
• Martine Ouellet 13.21%
  • Eligible voters: 71,020^[55]
  • Turnout 79.9%

Source:^[56]

Opinion polling

All Quebecers

Poll source	Date	1st	2nd	3rd	Other
Léger Marketing Sample size: 1002	April 9, 2015	Pierre Karl Péladeau 26%	Alexandre Cloutier 20%	Bernard Drainville 8%	Martine Ouellet 4%, Pierre Céré 1%, None 20%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 22%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 1036	February 5, 2015	Pierre Karl Péladeau 34%	Bernard Drainville 9%	Alexandre Cloutier 8%	Martine Ouellet 7%, Pierre Céré 1%, None 23%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 19%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 989	December 11, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 36%	Alexandre Cloutier 8%	Bernard Drainville 6%	Jean-François Lisée 4%, Martine Ouellet 4%, Pierre Céré 0%, None 20%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 28%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 981	November 13, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 31%	Alexandre Cloutier 8%	Jean-François Lisée 7%	Bernard Drainville 6%, Martine Ouellet 2%, Pierre Céré 0%, None 18%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 28%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 1,000	September 25, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 27%	Jean-Martin Aussant 7%	Bernard Drainville 4%	Alexandre Cloutier 3%, Jean-François Lisée 3%, Martine Ouellet 3%, Nicolas Marceau 2%, Pascal Bérubé 1%, Other 2%, None 17%, Don't know 29%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 1,009	June 5, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 19%	Véronique Hivon 9%	Bernard Drainville 7%	Jean-François Lisée 6%, Sylvain Gaudreault 4%, Pascal Bérubé 1%, Alexandre Cloutier 1%, Martine Ouellet 1%, None 24%, Don't know 26%, Prefer not to respond 2%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 1,050	May 8, 2014	Gilles Duceppe 21%	Pierre Karl Péladeau 13%	Véronique Hivon 7%	Bernard Drainville 4%, Sylvain Gaudreault 4%, Jean-François Lisée 4%, Alexandre Cloutier 2%, Réjean Hébert 2%, Other 2%, None 17%, Don't know 22%, Prefer not to respond 3%

Parti Québécois supporters only

Poll source	Date	1st	2nd	3rd	Other
Léger Marketing Sample size: 216	April 9, 2015	Pierre Karl Péladeau 59%	Alexandre Cloutier 13%	Bernard Drainville 9%	Martine Ouellet 4%, Pierre Céré 1%, None 1%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 13%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 218	February 5, 2015	Pierre Karl Péladeau 63%	Martine Ouellet 10%	Alexandre Cloutier 9%	Bernard Drainville 7%, Pierre Céré 1%, None 2%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 7%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 203	December 11, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 68%	Alexandre Cloutier 11%	Bernard Drainville 9%	Martine Ouellet 3%, Jean-François Lisée 2%, Pierre Céré 1%, None 1%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 6%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 193	November 13, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 59%	Alexandre Cloutier 12%	Bernard Drainville 8%	Jean-François Lisée 4%, Martine Ouellet 1% Pierre Céré 0%, None 4%, Don't know/Prefer not to respond 13%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 184	September 25, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 53%	Jean-Martin Aussant 7%	Bernard Drainville 7%	Alexandre Cloutier 5%, Martine Ouellet 5%, Jean-François Lisée 2%, Nicolas Marceau 1%, Pascal Bérubé 0%, Other 4%, None 2%, Don't know 14%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 166	June 5, 2014	Pierre Karl Péladeau 40%	Véronique Hivon 12%	Jean-François Lisée 9%	Bernard Drainville 8%, Sylvain Gaudreault 7%, Alexandre Cloutier 2%, Pascal Bérubé 0%, Martine Ouellet 0%, None 4%, Don't know 18%, Prefer not to respond 0%
Léger Marketing Sample size: 154	May 8, 2014	Gilles Duceppe 26%	Pierre Karl Péladeau 21%	Sylvain Gaudreault 10%	Bernard Drainville 9%, Jean-François Lisée 9%, Véronique Hivon 6%, Réjean Hébert 2%, Alexandre Cloutier 0%, Other 2%, None 2%, Don't know 14%, Prefer not to respond 1%

See also

• Parti Québécois leadership elections
• 1985 Parti Québécois leadership election
• 2005 Parti Québécois leadership election
• 2007 Parti Québécois leadership election

Notes and References

1. News: Parti Québécois will have new leader in May 2015. The Canadian Press. CBC News. 2014-10-05.
2. Web site: PQ sets rules for leadership race as hopefuls go on the attack. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141006065343/http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/sets+rules+leadership+race+hopefuls+attack/10262921/story.html. Montreal Gazette. Authier. Philip. 2014-10-05. Sherbrooke. 2014-10-06.
3. News: PQ elects Stephane Bedard to interim leader post. April 10, 2014. CTV News. April 10, 2014.
4. News: Marois bids a tearful goodbye to Quebec politics . April 17, 2014. Montreal Gazette. April 16, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140419034918/https://montrealgazette.com/news/Marois+bids+tearful+goodbye+Quebec+politics/9744494/story.html. 2014-04-19. Dougherty. Kevin. Quebec.
5. News: 'I'm retired': Former PQ leader Pauline Marois steps into shadow. Drummondville. June 9, 2014. CTV News. June 7, 2014.
6. News: 'Je ne regrette rien,' Marois tells PQ at farewell party Will not interfere from sidelines, unlike some of her predecessors, ex-premier says. June 9, 2014. Montreal Gazette. June 8, 2014. Authier. Philip. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140609054924/https://montrealgazette.com/news/regrette+rien+Marois+tells+farewell+party/9918046/story.html. 2014-06-09.
7. News: Pierre Karl Péladeau working to soften his image ahead of potential PQ leadership . Montreal Gazette. September 26, 2014. January 26, 2019. January 21, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150121172618/http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Pierre+Karl+P%C3%A9ladeau+working+soften+image+ahead/10239288/story.html. Authier. Philip. dead.
8. News: 5 things you need to know about the Parti Québécois leadership vote. Hicks. Ryan. May 15, 2015. CBC News. May 15, 2015.
9. News: Alexandre Cloutier running to become PQ leader. CTV News. October 27, 2014. October 27, 2014.
10. News: Gaétan Lelièvre appuie Alexandre Cloutier. Gaétan Lelièvre supports Alexandre Cloutier. fr. Sergerie. Nelson. November 26, 2014. Journal de Québec. November 16, 2014.
11. News: Alexandre Cloutier picks up key PQ leadership supporter: Véronique Hivon. Montreal Gazette. Authier. Philip. 2015-02-05. 2020-07-15.
12. News: PQ: François Gendron appuie Alexandre Cloutier. fr. February 17, 2015. La Presse. PQ: François Gendron supports Alexandre Cloutier. February 17, 2015.
13. Web site: Politwitter - Canadian Political Tweets. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141110033148/http://politwitter.ca/detail/link/712819. 2014-11-10. PoliTwitter.
14. Web site: Politwitter - Canadian Political Tweets.
15. alexcloutier. 532609799754903552. Cloutier. Alexander. Appui de taille de l'ancien député Stéphan Tremblay. Un homme visionnaire et inspirant.. 2014-11-12. fr. Significant support from former MP Stéphan Tremblay. A visionary and inspiring man.. https://web.archive.org/web/20160123164235/https://twitter.com/alexcloutier/status/532609799754903552. 2016-01-23.
16. News: Bureau-Blouin se joint à Cloutier pour rallier les jeunes au PQ. Bureau-Blouin joins Cloutier to rally young people to the PQ. Radio Canada. 2015-02-27. 2015-02-26.
17. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CexWV9FkqPs/VTkawxUftBI/AAAAAAAAV9A/NalBrLcCc8I/s1600/PQ%2BEndorsements.png Endorsements
18. News: Course à la direction du PQ : Claude Patry appuie Alexandre Cloutier. fr. PQ leadership race: Claude Patry supports Alexandre Cloutier. Radio Canada. 2015-05-12.
19. News: Alexandre Cloutier lance sa campagne à la direction du PQ. November 9, 2014. Radio Canada . November 9, 2014. fr. Alexandre Cloutier launches his campaign for the leadership of the PQ.
20. News: Vachon MNA Martine Ouellet first out of gate for Parti Québécois leadership. October 15, 2014. CBC News. 2014-10-16. October 15, 2014.
21. Web site: Martine Ouellet officialise sa candidature à la chefferie du PQ. fr. Martine Ouellet formalizes her candidacy for the leadership of the PQ. Lachance. Gabrielle. 2015-01-18. 2015-02-17 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150218032554/http://www.tvrs.ca/actualites/martine-ouellet-officialise-sa-candidature-a-la-chefferie-du-pq . 2015-02-18 . dead .
22. Web site: Sylvie Legault appuie Martine Ouellet à la chefferie du Parti Québécois. Sylvie Legault supports Martine Ouellet as leader of the Parti Québécois. fr. Martine Ouellet. 2015-01-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150203073457/http://martineouellet.quebec/sylvie-legault-appuie-martine-ouellet-la-chefferie-du-parti-quebecois/ . 2015-02-03 . dead .
23. News: Martine Ouellet joins battle for Parti Québécois leadership. February 20, 2015. Montreal Gazette. February 1, 2015.
24. News: Bernard Drainville will seek PQ leadership. October 20, 2014. Montreal Gazette. October 20, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141025143854/http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Bernard+Drainville+will+seek+leadership/10307127/story.html. 2014-10-25. Authier. Philip.
25. News: Péladeau confirme sa candidature à la direction du PQ. La Presse. fr. Péladeau confirms his candidacy for the leadership of the PQ. 27 November 2014. Lavoie. Jasmin. Croteau. Martin.
26. News: Deux nouveaux appuis pour Pierre Karl Péladeau . Two new supports for Pierre Karl Péladeau. October 14, 2014. Le Journal de Québec. Gagne. Louis. fr. October 14, 2014.
27. News: Nicolas Marceau appuie Pierre Karl Péladeau dans la course à la direction du PQ. fr. Nicolas Marceau supports Pierre Karl Péladeau in the race for the leadership of the PQ. February 18, 2015. Radio Canada. February 18, 2015.
28. News: Un appui officiel de Landry envers Pierre Karl Péladeau. fr. Péladeau receives the support of 18 former PQ MPs. Gentile. Davide. November 30, 2014. La Presse. November 30, 2014.
29. Web site: Équipe de députés Pierre Karl Péladeau . Team and Support Pierre Karl Péladeau. 2015-04-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150421220405/http://pkp2015.quebec/equipe-appuis/equipe-de-deputes/ . 2015-04-21 . live .
30. News: Parti Québécois veers into old debate on how to achieve sovereignty. February 9, 2015. Montreal Gazette. Authier. Philip. 2020-07-15. February 9, 2015.
31. News: Chefferie du PQ: Pierre Céré se lance dans la course. https://archive.today/20141028005904/http://fr.canoe.ca/infos/quebeccanada/politiqueprovinciale/archives/2014/10/20141021-152114.html. usurped. October 28, 2014. October 21, 2014. canoe.ca . October 21, 2014.
32. News: Parti Québécois leadership race narrows as Pierre Céré quits. May 11, 2015. The Canadian Press. CBC News. May 10, 2015.
33. News: Parti Québécois' soul-searching in wake of electoral disaster. April 20, 2014. Toronto Star. April 19, 2014. Woods. Allan. Montreal.
34. News: Marois to step down in wake of stunning defeat. April 8, 2014. Séguin. Rhéal. The Globe and Mail. April 8, 2014.
35. News: Bernard Drainville throws hat into ring to run for Parti Quebecois leadership. The Canadian Press. CTV News. Montreal. 20 October 2014.
36. News: Bernard Drainville drops out of PQ leadership race to support Péladeau. April 22, 2015. The Canadian Press. Quebec. Toronto Star. April 22, 2015.
37. News: Lajoie . Genevieve. Leclair et Therrien appuient Drainville. fr. Leclair and Therrien support Drainville. . October 23, 2014 . October 23, 2014.
38. News: Authier . Philip. Bernard Drainville launches PQ leadership bid. The Montreal Gazette. October 27, 2014 . October 27, 2014.
39. News: Pourquoi je choisis Bernard Drainville?. fr. January 28, 2015. . January 28, 2015. 2015-03-30. Poirier. Carole. Why do I choose Bernard Drainville?.
40. News: Sylvain Gaudreault backs Drainville for PQ leader. March 18, 2015. La Presse Canadienne. Montreal Gazette. March 18, 2015.
41. News: Direction du PQ : André Villeneuve appuie Drainville le " rassembleur ". PQ leadership: André Villeneuve supports Drainville the “unifier”. fr. March 23, 2015. Radio Canada. March 23, 2015. 2015-03-24.
42. abitibichaps. 526380724136706048. Chapadeau. Gilles. Je donne mon appui à Bernard Drainville, convaincu qu'il possède toutes les qualités nécessaires pour être le chef du parti Québécois #pq. fr. I give my support to Bernard Drainville, convinced that he has all the qualities necessary to be the leader of the Quebec party #pq. 2014-10-26.
43. News: Jean-François Lisée se lance dans la course à la direction du PQ. fr. Jean-François Lisée embarks on the race for the leadership of the PQ. October 31, 2014. Radio Canada . October 31, 2014.
44. News: Parti Québécois leadership candidate Lisée drops bid against Péladeau. Perreaux. Les. January 23, 2015. Globe and Mail. January 24, 2015.
45. https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211209/UrmtpQ9Y_00. 2021-12-09. live. Pourquoi j'appuie Jean-François Lisée - Evelyne Abitbol. fr. Why I support Jean-François Lisée - Evelyne Abitbol. YouTube. Lisée. Jean-François.
46. News: Jean-Francois Lisée seeks Parti Quebecois leadership. November 3, 2014. CTV News. November 3, 2014.
47. News: Jean-Martin Aussant renonce à briguer la chefferie du PQ. fr. Jean-Martin Aussant renounces seeking PQ Leadership. https://archive.today/20141021204402/http://fr.canoe.ca/infos/quebeccanada/politiqueprovinciale/archives/2014/10/20141006-120506.html. usurped. October 21, 2014. October 6, 2014. Canoe. October 6, 2014.
48. News: Potential candidates to replace Marois at PQ helm include Peladeau, Drainville. April 9, 2014. Wyatt. Nelson. Montreal. 570 News. Canadian Press. April 9, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140413130802/http://www.570news.com/2014/04/09/potential-candidates-to-replace-marois-at-pq-helm-include-peladeau-drainville/. 2014-04-13.
49. News: Gilles Duceppe will not run for PQ leadership. May 14, 2014. CTV News. May 13, 2014. Quebec.
50. News: No PQ leadership bid for Duceppe. June 10, 2014. Montreal Gazette. May 13, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20140523203455/https://montrealgazette.com/news/leadership+Duceppe/9834579/story.html. 2014-05-23. Authier. Philip.
51. News: No sovereignty referendum in my first mandate as premier: Drainville . September 6, 2014. Montreal Gazette. September 3, 2014. dead. Authier. Philip. https://web.archive.org/web/20140905062952/https://montrealgazette.com/news/sovereignty+referendum+first+mandate+premier+Drainville/10171177/story.html. 2014-09-05.
52. News: Véronique Hivon ne sera pas candidate à la direction du PQ. fr. Véronique Hivon will not be a candidate for the leadership of the PQ. September 20, 2014. Radio Canada. September 20, 2014.
53. News: Former PQ minister Nicolas Marceau considers run for Parti Québécois leadership. September 28, 2014. Montreal Gazette. September 15, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141004062554/https://montrealgazette.com/news/Former+minister+Nicolas+Marceau+considers+Parti+Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois+leadership/10204978/story.html. 2014-10-04. Authier. Phlilip. Quebec.
54. News: Chefferie du PQ: Nicolas Marceau ne sera pas candidate. fr. PQ leadership: Nicolas Marceau will not be a candidate. https://archive.today/20141112025519/http://fr.canoe.ca/infos/quebeccanada/politiqueprovinciale/archives/2014/11/20141110-165813.html. usurped. November 12, 2014. 11 November 2014. canoe.ca. Agence QMI. Quebecor.
55. News: PQ: deux fois moins de membres pour élire un chef. fr. 16 May 2015. Le Soleil. Quebec. 12 May 2015. dead. PQ: half as many members to elect a leader. https://web.archive.org/web/20150711081037/https://www.lapresse.ca/le-soleil/actualites/politique/201505/11/01-4868876-pq-deux-fois-moins-de-membres-pour-elire-un-chef.php. 2015-07-11. Salvet. Jean-Marc.
56. News: Péladeau easily wins PQ leadership race on first ballot. May 15, 2015. Montreal Gazette. May 15, 2015.

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