| Minorplanet: | yes |
| 2014 RC | |
| Background: |
|
| Discovered: | 1 September 2014 (first observed only) |
| Mpc Name: | 2014 RC |
| Epoch: | 1 July 2021 (JD 2459396.5) |
| Uncertainty: | 3 |
| Perihelion: | 0.8211 AU |
| Semimajor: | 1.3138 AU |
| Eccentricity: | 0.3750 |
| Period: | 1.51 yr (550 d) |
| Mean Motion: | / day |
| Inclination: | 4.5687° |
| Asc Node: | 344.91° |
| Arg Peri: | 71.090° |
| Moid: | 0.0003 AU (0.1169 LD) |
| Dimensions: | (largest axis) |
| Mean Diameter: | (est.) |
| Magnitude: | 28 (Nov/Dec 2014) |
| Abs Magnitude: | 26.8 |
2014 RC is a sub-kilometer near-Earth object and Apollo asteroid. The exceptionally fast rotator passed within 0.000267abbr=onNaNabbr=on (0.1 lunar distances) of Earth on 7 September 2014. The asteroid is approximately the diameter of the Chelyabinsk meteor, and passed almost as close to Earth as 367943 Duende did in 2013.
With an absolute magnitude of 26.8, the asteroid is about 11- in diameter depending on the albedo. Observations by the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility conclude the asteroid is a fairly bright Sq-class asteroid which have an average albedo of around 0.24, and would give the asteroid a spherical equivalent diameter of 12m (39feet). Measurements by multiple telescopes indicate that the asteroid rotates in 15.8 seconds making it one of the fastest rotating asteroids so far discovered. Using the 15.8 second rotation period, more accurate radar observations by Goldstone shows the asteroid has a largest axis of at least 22m (72feet). Due to the asteroid's fast rotation, it is a monolith and not a rubble pile.
On 8 September 2115 the asteroid will pass about 0.0053abbr=onNaNabbr=on from the Moon. On 5 September 1973, the asteroid passed between 0.01052abbr=onNaNabbr=on and 0.01207abbr=onNaNabbr=on from Earth. 2014 RC was removed from the JPL Sentry Risk Table on 5 September 2014 and there are no known possible impact dates in the next 100 years.
It made a close approach to Earth of 0.000267abbr=onNaNabbr=on (0.1 LD) around 18:02 UTC on 7 September 2014. The asteroid briefly brightened to about apparent magnitude 11.5, but it was still not visible to the naked eye or common binoculars. At the peak brightness the asteroid had a declination of –47, and was most easily visible over New Zealand. During 2014, asteroids 2014 AA and have come closer to Earth.
The Managua explosion on 6 September 2014 may or may not have been created by a bolide that was missed by millions of people, but either way it was not caused by the close approach of 2014 RC.
During the 2014 Earth close approach the orbital period of 2014 RC was reduced from 600 days to 549 days. The orbital eccentricity decreased while the orbital inclination increased.
| width= 70 | Parameter | width= 80 | Epoch | width= 60 | Aphelion (Q) | width= 60 | Perihelion (q) | width=100 | Semi-major axis (a) | width= 60 | Eccentricity (e) | width= 60 | Period (p) | width= 60 | Inclination (i) | width=170 | Longitude ascending node (Ω) | width=100 | Mean anomaly (M) | width=150 | Argument of perihelion (ω) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Units | AU | (days) | (°) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pre-flyby | 2014-09-01 | 1.9488 | 0.8344 | 1.3916 | 0.4004 | 599.62 | 1.4395° | 345.48° | 326.12° | 65.879° | |||||||||||
| flyby | 2014-09-07 18:02 UTC | 2.0284 | 0.8150 | 1.4217 | 0.4267 | 619.17 | 1.4217° | 345.09° | 330.91° | 68.602° | |||||||||||
| Post-flyby | 2014-10-01 | 1.8042 | 0.8207 | 1.3124 | 0.3747 | 549.18 | 4.5744° | 345.01° | 340.41° | 71.187° | |||||||||||
| Object | Date (UTC) | Date error (hours) | Nominal distance (AU) | Nominal distance (LD) | Minimum distance (AU) | Minimum distance (LD) | Apparent magnitude (V) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Earth | 1945-09-06 05:53 | 47.16 | 0.00442 | 1.72 | 0.00101 | 0.39 | 17.3 | |
| Moon | 1945-09-06 14:33 | 52.48 | 0.00508 | 1.98 | 0.00103 | 0.40 | – | |
| Mars | 1957-10-09 13:55 | 5.40 | 0.06371 | 24.78 | 0.05267 | 20.49 | – | |
| Earth | 1973-09-05 21:42 | 0.62 | 0.01169 | 4.55 | 0.01089 | 4.24 | 19.3 | |
| Earth | 1987-01-17 01:02 | 0.30 | 0.03724 | 14.49 | 0.03686 | 14.34 | 22.4 | |
| Earth | 1991-09-27 05:38 | 1.03 | 0.09911 | 38.55 | 0.09878 | 38.43 | 27.0 | |
| Mars | 1999-09-22 14:00 | 0.03739 | 14.54 | 0.03712 | 14.44 | – | ||
| Earth | 2009-12-30 13:10 | 0.28 | 0.08634 | 33.59 | 0.08622 | 33.54 | 26.0 | |
| Moon | 2014-09-07 08:47 | 0.000845 | 0.329 | 0.000845 | 0.329 | – | ||
| Earth | 2014-09-07 18:02 | 0.000267 | 0.104 | 0.000267 | 0.104 | 15.9 | ||
| Earth | 2017-09-11 13:50 | 0.15 | 0.03864 | 15.03 | 0.03850 | 14.98 | 23.3 | |
| Earth | 2020-09-22 21:24 | 0.35 | 0.09908 | 38.54 | 0.09893 | 38.48 | 26.1 | |
| Earth | 2039-01-21 23:38 | 0.13 | 0.06224 | 24.21 | 0.06215 | 24.18 | 24.0 | |
| Earth | 2042-01-27 18:19 | 0.10 | 0.06322 | 24.59 | 0.06313 | 24.56 | 23.6 | |
| Earth | 2109-09-01 16:27 | 0.07 | 0.09959 | 38.74 | 0.09945 | 38.69 | 24.7 | |
| Earth | 2112-09-06 21:13 | 0.08 | 0.02253 | 8.76 | 0.02241 | 8.72 | 21.1 | |
| Moon | 2115-09-08 19:11 | 0.15 | 0.00558 | 2.17 | 0.005350 | 2.08 | – | |
| Earth | 2115-09-08 22:50 | 0.17 | 0.00785 | 3.05 | 0.00763 | 2.97 | 18.5 | |
| Mars | 2140-10-13 22:42 | 2.85 | 0.07152 | 27.82 | 0.05471 | 21.28 | – | |
| Earth | 2159-02-02 22:17 | 16.90 | 0.08084 | 31.45 | 0.05563 | 21.64 | 24.2 | |
| Earth | 2162-01-19 14:04 | 38.85 | 0.09376 | 36.47 | 0.07273 | 28.29 | 25.2 | |
| Earth | 2170-09-19 02:08 | 9.12 | 0.07413 | 28.84 | 0.06707 | 26.09 | 25.1 | |
| Earth | 2173-09-04 16:52 | 1.38 | 0.06123 | 23.82 | 0.05950 | 23.15 | 23.5 |