2013 Little India riot explained

2013 Little India riot
Place:Junction of Race Course Road and Hampshire Road
Causes:Traffic accident
Methods:Rioting
Side1:Singapore Police Force
Special Operations Command
Side2:300~ rioters[1]
Leadfigures1:Teo Chee Hean
S. Iswaran
Ng Joo Hee
Hoong Wee Teck
Injuries:62
Arrests:40
Charged:33

The 2013 Little India riot took place on 8 December 2013 after a fatal accident occurred at SST 21:23 at the junction of Race Course Road and Hampshire Road in Little India, Singapore, causing angry mobs of migrant labourers from South Asia to attack the bus involved and emergency vehicles that had by then arrived at the location. About 300 migrant labourers were involved in the riot which lasted for around two hours. This was the second riot in post-independence Singapore, and the first in 44 years since the 1969 race riots. The riots led to stricter laws and higher penalties on alcohol consumption and sales, culminating in the Liquor Control Act in 2015.[2] [3] [4]

Riot

The riot continued for approximately two hours, and the situation was brought under control before midnight.[5] Officers from the Special Operations Command (SOC) and Gurkha Contingent were deployed.[5] An estimated 300 police officers were dispatched to deal with the rioting. A witness reported that rioters at the scene were intoxicated with alcohol and threw beer bottles.[6]

By 23:45, all rioters had dispersed to the surrounding areas.[7]

Timeline of events

Time Event(s)
8 December
c. 21:20 Sakthivel Kumarvelu, a 33-year-old Indian construction worker, is run over by a private bus in Little India and killed.[8]
21:23–21:25 The police and the Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF) are notified of the accident.
21:31–21:38 The first police and emergency vehicles arrive at the scene. The crowd size increases to about 100.
21:41–21:45 Police reinforcements progressively arrive at the scene. The crowd gets more unruly and its size increases to about 400. The Special Operations Command (SOC) is activated.
21:56–22:11 The police and SCDF personnel attempt to extract the victim's body from under the bus. They also cover the bus driver and his assistant as they move from the bus to the ambulance. The mob is aggressive and pelts them with various items.
22:30–22:40 Two troops of SOC forces arrive at the scene. The police also activates a major recall of 53 patrol cars from police units throughout Singapore.
22:44 The SOC forces form up and begin to disperse the mob. The police start arresting rioters.
23:45 The mob disperses. The police conducts high visibility patrols in the area to prevent the rioters from regrouping.
9 December
00:01–05:08 Police investigations are conducted at the scene. Ng Joo Hee, Teo Chee Hean, S. Iswaran and Hoong Wee Teck arrive at the scene. The National Environment Agency (NEA) starts cleaning up the area after the investigations are completed.
06:45 Race Course Road reopens to traffic.[9]

Aftermath

Twenty-five emergency vehicles were damaged in the riots, alongside five that were set on fire. Video footage uploaded on the Internet shows rioters pushing police cars on their sides and setting an ambulance on fire.[5] 39 police, four civil defence and auxiliary officers were injured.

Early estimates put the number of rioters at 400, later reduced to 300 in the aftermath of the riot.[10] The Singapore Police Force dispatched 300 riot police. The police made 27 arrests in relation to the riots. In a police statement released to the media on 9 December, it was specified that of those arrested, 24 were migrant labourers from India, two were migrant labourers from Bangladesh and one was a Singaporean permanent resident.[11] [12] Subsequent investigations revealed that the two Bangladeshis and the Singaporean permanent resident were not involved in the incident.[13]

From 11 to 14 December 2013, nine more labourers from Tamil Nadu were similarly charged in court for their involvement in the riot. Three were charged on 11 December,[14] four on 12 December,[15] and two on 14 December,[16] bringing the total charged to 33. On 10 February 2014, an Indian construction worker was sentenced to 15 weeks imprisonment on charges related to riots.[17] On 2 October 2014, a man was sentenced to 25 months imprisonment with three strokes of the cane for flipping a police car.[18] On 2 December 2014, a construction worker was sentenced to a year's imprisonment for assaulting a police officer during the riot.[19]

In addition, 53 workers were deported for offences ranging from obstructing the police to failing to follow police orders to disperse,[20] while 200 workers received formal advisories to obey the law.[21]

The riot eventually led to the implementation of a new law, the Liquor Control (Supply and Consumption) Act in 2015 banning consumption of alcohol in all public places from 10:30 pm to 7 am. This also included banning the sales of alcohol products such as Rum and Raisin ice cream[22] between the time periods,[23] which was lifted in 2019.[24] [25]

Investigation

According to a statement from the Singapore Police Force, the riots broke out shortly after a fatal road traffic accident between a private bus and a pedestrian[26] at 21:23 SST, at the junction of Race Course Road and Hampshire Road. The victim was identified as Sakthivel Kumaravelu, a 33-year-old construction worker from Tamil Nadu, India.[27] Sakthivel succumbed to his injuries and was pronounced dead at the scene.[28]

The Singapore authorities commissioned a Committee of Inquiry to study the reasons for the riot and its handling, as well as to review the government's management of areas where foreign workers congregate.[29] [30]

The 55-year-old Singaporean bus driver who caused the fatal traffic accident was not found to be at fault, and was acquitted.[31] The subsequent riots that led to the 27 arrests were classified by the Singapore police under rioting with dangerous weapons.

Preliminary investigations found that Sakthivel, while intoxicated, attempted to board the private bus, which was believed to be ferrying foreign workers to the Avery Lodge dormitory.[32] The bus driver requested assistance from a female time-keeper, who was from the Singapore School Transport Association and was responsible for handling transport arrangements, to get Sakthivel to alight, as the latter was causing trouble.[33] The accident occurred shortly after Sakthivel alighted from the bus.

Reactions

Domestic

Singapore's Prime Minister, Lee Hsien Loong, stated that the police will "spare no effort to identify the culprits and deal with them with the full force of the law". Later, he told Singaporeans to refrain from negative comments against migrant workers.[34] The country's Deputy Prime Minister, Teo Chee Hean, similarly stated that no effort will be spared in capturing the perpetrators.

Then Transport Minister Lui Tuck Yew, who was also a member of parliament for that district, wrote on Facebook that he would consider limiting the sale of liquor within Little India.[29] A temporary ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol in Little India was in effect during the weekend of 14–15 December; followed by an extension of the ban for 6 months until 24 June 2014 and covered mostly parts of the Central Business District. Since May 2014, a total ban of alcohol with closing of night schools and limitation of nightlife areas took effect.

The incident has also raised debate online by Singaporeans on the issues of overcrowding and increasing numbers of migrant workers in Singapore.[35] [36] It also highlighted ongoing ethnic tensions within Singapore, rising income inequality, the country's heavy reliance on foreign labour, and the working conditions of migrant workers.[37] [38] The Singapore authorities have called for calm and warned against speculations.[39]

Mainstream media outlets praised and made public appeals to trace a man and other bystanders who attempted to stop the riots, which was captured on video and uploaded to YouTube.[40] [41] [42] The man in the video footage was initially identified as Thangaval Govindarasu, 38, from Tamil Nadu, after he came forward following appeals for the identity of the man. However, he later claimed he was not the man in the video, although he did attempt to stop the rioting. A coffee shop owner in Little India later claimed that he recognised the man in the footage as a regular customer from Chennai. However, he declined to divulge the name of the customer, and stated he is unaware of where the man worked.

International

– Bangladesh's High Commissioner to Singapore, Mahbubuz Zaman, was reported as saying that "the news reports that appeared on a section of media and news involving a Bangladeshi worker is not based on facts", and called for the co-operation of the Bangladeshi community with the Singapore authorities.[43]

– A news report by India's Sun TV on 9 December 2013 attracted strong reactions and controversy in Singapore for erroneously reporting that the deceased was pushed out of the bus by the driver, as well as attacked by locals.[44] In response to protests from Lim Thuan Kuan, Singapore's High Commissioner to India, Sun TV issued a correction the following day and apologised for the error.[45]

See also

External links

1.3083°N 103.8508°W

Notes and References

  1. News: Riot: 28 face charges, 53 to be deported . The Straits Times, Singapore . 18 December 2013 . 21 December 2013 . Feng . Zengkun . Au-yong . Rachel . https://web.archive.org/web/20131220130331/http://www.straitstimes.com/breaking-news/singapore/story/riot-28-face-charges-53-be-deported-20131218 . 20 December 2013 . live . dmy-all .
  2. News: Nghiem. Ashleigh. Singapore bus death triggers riot. 9 December 2013. BBC News. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131208214911/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25294918. 8 December 2013. live.
  3. News: 9 December 2013 . Rare riot shuts down Singapore's Little India district . . dead . 9 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140507100854/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/rare-riot-shuts-down-singapores-little-india-district/story-e6frg6so-1226778385511 . 7 May 2014.
  4. News: Brown. Sophie. Dozens arrested in Singapore after foreign worker's death sparks riot. 9 December 2013. CNN. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131209172653/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/12/09/world/asia/singapore-little-india-riot/index.html. 9 December 2013. live.
  5. Web site: Neo . Chai Chin . Chia . Ashley . Little India riot: 200 injured, 27 arrested . Today . 9 December 2013 . 28 April 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131210215432/http://www.todayonline.com/singapore/riot-breaks-out-little-india . 10 December 2013 . live .
  6. News: Migrant labor activists suspect pent-up rage exploded in Singapore riot . 9 December 2013 . The Standard . Hong Kong . 9 December 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131213124242/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=44133&icid=1&d_str= . 13 December 2013 .
  7. Web site: Chan, Francis . Rioting in Singapore's Little India, busloads of riot police dispatched . The Star . 8 December 2013 . 8 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131208181142/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2013/12/08/Singapore-riots-little-india.aspx . 8 December 2013 . dead .
  8. Web site: Torrijos . Elena . 8 December 2013 . Deceased foreign worker in Little India riot tripped and fell after being ejected from bus: Police . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140715045557/https://sg.news.yahoo.com/fire--rioting-taking-place-in-little-india--reports-152651999.html . 15 July 2014 . 11 July 2014 . Yahoo News.
  9. News: Little India riot: A timeline of what happened. 11 December 2013. Today. 11 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131212151047/http://www.todayonline.com/little-india-riot-timeline-what-happened. 12 December 2013. live.
  10. News: Grant. Jeremy. Riot tarnishes Singapore's image as place of ethnic harmony. 9 December 2013. Financial Times. 8 December 2013.
  11. News: Sim . Walter . Lim . Joyce . Cheong . Kash . 9 December 2013 . Little India Riot: 27 suspects from South Asia arrested in connection with the riot . The Straits Times . 28 April 2020.
  12. Web site: Little India Riot: Singapore PR among 27 arrested: police . The Straits Times . 9 December 2013 . 28 April 2020.
  13. News: Singapore to charge 24 people for rioting – Australia Network News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) . ABC News . 10 December 2013 . Australian Broadcasting Corporation . 10 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131210101138/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-12-10/an-singapore-to-charge-24-people-for-rioting/5147754 . 10 December 2013 . live .
  14. News: See . Sharon . 3 more charged with rioting at Little India . Channel NewsAsia . 11 December 2013 . 12 December 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131214004849/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/3-more-charged-with/918860.html . 14 December 2013 .
  15. News: Singh. Khushwant. Little India Riot: Four more Indian nationals charged, remanded for further investigations. The Straits Times. 12 December 2013. 17 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131215224307/http://www.straitstimes.com/the-big-story/little-india-riot/story/little-india-riot-four-more-indian-nationals-charged-remanded-. 15 December 2013. live.
  16. News: Little India Riot: Two more Indian nationals charged in court. The Straits Times. 14 December 2013. 17 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131217030858/http://www.straitstimes.com/breaking-news/singapore/story/little-india-riot-two-more-indian-nationals-charged-court-20131214. 17 December 2013. live.
  17. Web site: Indian Man jailed for 15 Weeks on charges of Little India Riots Singapore. Indo-Asian News Service. news.biharprabha.com. 11 February 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20150714083537/http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/indian-man-jailed-for-15-weeks-on-charges-of-little-india-riots-singapore/. 14 July 2015. live.
  18. Web site: Chong . Elena . Man who flipped police car in Little India riot gets 25 months' jail and canning . The Straits Times . 28 April 2020 . 2 October 2014.
  19. Web site: Poh . Ian . Little India riot: Foreign worker jailed a year for assaulting a police officer . The Straits Times . 28 April 2020 . 2 December 2014.
  20. Web site: Little India Riot: Police hold press conference on repatriation of workers involved in riot . The Straits Times . 28 April 2020 . 20 December 2013.
  21. Web site: Lee . Pearl . Little India riot: 200 foreign workers receive police advisories . The Straits Times . 28 April 2020 . 22 December 2013.
  22. Web site: Apparently, Cheers doesn't sell Rum Rum Raisin ice cream at night due to alcohol curfew – Coconuts Singapore. coconuts.co. 12 July 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180712124322/https://coconuts.co/singapore/news/apparently-cheers-doesnt-sell-rum-rum-raisin-ice-cream-night-due-alcohol-curfew/. 12 July 2018. live.
  23. News: Han . Lim Yi . 1 April 2015 . What you can or cannot do under the new alcohol law . The Straits Times . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180708221316/https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/what-you-can-or-cannot-do-under-the-new-alcohol-law . 8 July 2018 . 12 July 2018.
  24. Web site: Update on MHA's Review Of Exemption of Food Products Containing Alcohol . MHA . 17 January 2019 . 24 October 2019 . 24 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191024065410/https://www.mha.gov.sg/newsroom/press-release/news/update-on-mha-review-of-exemption-of-food-products-containing-alcohol . dead .
  25. Web site: Goh . Timothy . Food products with alcohol can be sold after 10.30pm as MHA lifts restrictions from Jan 18 . The Straits Times . 17 January 2019 . 24 October 2019.
  26. News: Sim. Walter. Little India Riot: Victim of road traffic accident that sparked off mob identified. The Straits Times. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131209225122/http://www.straitstimes.com/the-big-story/little-india-riot/story/little-india-riot-victim-road-traffic-accident-sparked-mob-ide. 9 December 2013. live.
  27. News: India Appeals for Calm in Singapore. Mitra, Devirupa. 10 December 2013. 10 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131213030730/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/India-Appeals-for-Calm-in-Singapore/2013/12/10/article1937786.ece. 13 December 2013. dead.
  28. News: Singapore PM condoles Indian's death in accident. 9 December 2013. Hindustan Times. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131209180018/http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/singapore-pm-condoles-indian-s-death-in-accident/article1-1160847.aspx. 9 December 2013. dead.
  29. News: Singapore Warns on Violence After Riot in Indian District. Sharon Chen. Weiyi Lim. amp. Bloomberg. 9 December 2013. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131209070844/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-12-09/singapore-warns-on-violence-after-traffic-incident-sparks-riot.html. 9 December 2013. live.
  30. News: Grant. Jeremy. Lee orders review of Singapore migrant areas. 9 December 2013. Financial Times. 9 December 2013.
  31. Web site: Sim . Walter . Little India riot: No action to be taken against bus driver in fatal accident . The Straits Times . 18 December 2021 . 11 February 2014.
  32. Web site: Victim of Little India accident was causing trouble on bus: police . Kotwani, Monica . 9 December 2013 . Channel NewsAsia . 10 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131212082753/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/victim-of-little-india/916880.html . 12 December 2013 . live .
  33. News: Singh. Malminderjit. Chronology of a riot. 11 December 2013. Business Times. 10 December 2013.
  34. News: Singapore riot: PM Lee Hsien Loong urges restraint. 9 December 2013. 9 December 2013. BBC News. https://web.archive.org/web/20131209222917/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-25306425. 9 December 2013. live.
  35. News: Chan. Han Wong. Singapore Riot Signals Foreign-Labor Strains. 9 December 2013. The Wall Street Journal. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20150209212744/http://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304744304579247823604540160. 9 February 2015. live.
  36. News: Singapore PM sounds warning after riot. 9 December 2013. Al Jazeera. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131210170652/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia-pacific/2013/12/singapore-pm-sounds-warning-after-riot-2013129489132684.html. 10 December 2013. live.
  37. News: Singapore's Little India Riot A Shock, But Not A Total Surprise . 9 December 2013 . Forbes . 9 December 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131210052639/http://www.forbes.com/sites/jenniferwells/2013/12/09/singapores-little-india-riot-a-shock-but-not-a-total-surprise/ . 10 December 2013 .
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  39. News: Eighteen injured as foreign workers riot in Singapore's Little India district. 9 December 2013. Australia Network News. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131209083723/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-12-09/an-hundreds-of-foreign-workers-riot-in-singapore/5143372. 9 December 2013. live.
  40. News: Siong. Olivia. Good Samaritan captured on YouTube helping to stop riot, captured in video. Today. 11 December 2013. 13 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131213130750/http://www.todayonline.com/singapore/good-samaritan-captured-youtube-helping-stop-riot. 13 December 2013. live.
  41. News: Little India's little angels. Zaihan Mohamed Yusof. Jennifer Dhanaraj. amp. 15 December 2013. 15 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131215022443/http://www.tnp.sg/content/little-indias-little-angels. 15 December 2013. dead.
  42. News: Little India Riot: Know mystery man seen asking rioters to stop violent behaviour? Tell us. 15 December 2013. The Straits Times. 9 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131215023319/http://www.straitstimes.com/breaking-news/singapore/story/little-india-riot-man-seen-asking-rioters-stop-violent-behaviour-20131. 15 December 2013. live.
  43. Web site: Bangladesh envoy slams claims Singapore rioting was triggered by bus accident involving worker . . 9 December 2013 . 9 December 2013 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131213124126/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking_news_detail.asp?id=44119&icid=a&d_str= . 13 December 2013 .
  44. News: Woo. Jacqueline. India's Sun TV draws flak over erroneous clip. 11 December 2013. MyPaper. 11 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131214193755/http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/indias-sun-tv-draws-flak-over-erroneous-clip. 14 December 2013. live.
  45. News: Ramesh. S. Sun TV apologises for incorrect news report on Little India riot. 11 December 2013. Channel NewsAsia. 11 December 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20131214004913/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/sun-tv-says-correct/918866.html. 14 December 2013. live.

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