2013 Edmonton municipal election explained

Election Name:	2013 Edmonton mayoral election
Country:	Alberta
Type:	legislative
Previous Election:	2010 Edmonton municipal election
Previous Year:	2010
Next Election:	2017 Edmonton municipal election
Next Year:	2017
Election Date:	October 21, 2013
Color1:	A3CF5F
Candidate1:	Don Iveson
Popular Vote1:	132,162
Percentage1:	62.22%
Color2:	0245B0
Candidate2:	Karen Leibovici
Popular Vote2:	41,182
Percentage2:	19.39%
Color3:	01AE42
Candidate3:	Kerry Diotte
Popular Vote3:	32,917
Percentage3:	15.50%
Mayor
Before Election:	Stephen Mandel
After Election:	Don Iveson
Ongoing:	No
Turnout:	34.50%

The 2013 Edmonton municipal election was held Monday, October 21, 2013 to elect a mayor and 12 councillors to the city council, seven of the nine trustees to Edmonton Public Schools, and the seven trustees to the Edmonton Catholic Schools. Two incumbent public school trustees had no challengers. From 1968 to 2013, provincial legislation has required every municipality to hold elections every three years.^[1] The Legislative Assembly of Alberta passed a bill on December 5, 2012, amending the Local Authorities Election Act.^[2] Starting with the 2013 elections, officials are elected for a four-year term, and municipal elections are moved to a four-year cycle.^[3]

The 12 electoral wards are the same as that of the 2010 election; each represented by a single councillor. Of the estimated 619,138 eligible voters, only 213,585 turned in a ballot, a voter turnout of 34.5%. A municipal census conducted in 2012 showed a population of 817,498, meaning approximately 75.7% of the population was eligible to vote.^[4] Three incumbent councillors retired from politics, Jane Batty, Kim Krushell, and Linda Sloan, while incumbent councillors Kerry Diotte, Don Iveson and Karen Leibovici ran for the position left by incumbent Mayor Stephen Mandel, guaranteeing at least six new councillors. The six vacancies were the only new councillors, as the remaining seven incumbents were re-elected. While the mayoral election was billed as a three-way race between the incumbent councillors, on election night Iveson won by a large margin.^{[5] [6] [7] [8]}

Candidates

Bold indicates elected, italics indicates incumbent.

Mayor

Mayor^[9] ! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Don Iveson	132,162	62.2
	41,182	19.4
	32,917	15.5
Joshua Semotiuk	2,596	1.2
Gordon Ward	2,248	1.1
Kristine Acielo	1,292	0.6

• Kristine Acielo - sales with ACN Canada^[10]
• Kerry Diotte - incumbent ward 11 councillor
• Don Iveson - incumbent ward 10 councillor^[11]
• Karen Leibovici - incumbent ward 5 councillor, former MLA^[12]
• Josh Semotiuk - electrician^[13]
• Gordon Ward

Ward 1

Ward 1! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Andrew Knack	7,491	44.7
Bryan Sandilands	3,374	20.1
Sharon Maclise	2,551	15.2
Sean Amato	1,674	10.0
Jamie Kenneth Post	1,016	6.1
Rob Pasay	665	4.0

• Sean Amato - television journalist^[14]
• Andrew Knack - community league president, finished second in the 2010 Ward 1 race
• Sharon Maclise^[15]
• Jamie Post - finished third in the 2010 Ward 1 race
• Bryan Sandilands - health economist^[16]

Ward 2

Ward 2! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Bev Esslinger	4,553	29.4
Don Koziak	3,316	21.4
Nita Jalkanen	1,921	12.4
Ted Grand	1,684	10.9
Shelley Tupper	1,400	9.0
Mustafa Ali	1,355	8.7
Jason Millar	1,278	8.2

• Mustafa Ali^[17]
• Bev Esslinger - former public school chair^[18]
• Ted Grand - purchaser^[19]
• Nita Jalkanen
• Don Koziak - finished second in the 2010 Ward 2 race
• Jason Millar - trucking company manager^[20]
• Shelley Tupper - finished third in the 2010 Ward 2 race^[21]

Ward 3

Ward 3! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Dave Loken	6,564	45.2
David Dodge	6,062	41.7
Rob Bernshaw	1,135	7.8
Hakin Isse	761	5.2

• Rob Bernshaw
• David Dodge - CKUA radio producer^[22]
• Hakin Isse - business owner^[17]
• Dave Loken - incumbent^[23]

Ward 4

Ward 4! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Ed Gibbons	10,752	77.2
Sam Hachem	3,181	22.8

• Ed Gibbons - incumbent
• Sam Hachem - real estate agent

Ward 5

Ward 5! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Michael Oshry	5,433	29.2
Jim Gibbon	4,805	25.8
Terry Diane Demers	3,313	17.8
Rob Hennigar	2,249	12.1
Rodolfo 'Rudy' Arcilla	1,081	5.8
Allan Santos	1,002	5.4
Brian Kendrick	297	1.6
Alla Ternikova	282	1.5
Mark Grandish	173	0.9

• Rudy Arcilla - former Catholic school trustee
• Terry Demers - president of community league, finished second in the 2010 Ward 3 race
• Jim Gibbon - brewery founder
• Mark Grandish - finished fourth in the 2010 Ward 5 race
• Rob Hennigar - business owner
• Brian Kendrick - finished third in the 2010 Ward 5 race
• Michael Oshry - business owner^[24]
• Allan Santos - transit operator^[25]
• Alla Ternikova - construction business manager^[26]

Ward 6

Ward 6! Candidate !! Votes !! % !! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Scott McKeen	6,352	36.0	Carla Frost	268	1.5
Heather MacKenzie	4,698	26.6	Kyle Brown	254	1.4
Dexx Williams	1,942	11.0	Taz Bouchier	199	1.1
Derrick Forsythe	1,163	6.6	Adil Pirbhai	177	1.0
Bryan George Kapitza	928	5.3	Andrzej Gudanowski	171	1.0
	478	2.7	Javed Sommers*	85	0.5
Melinda Hollis	469	2.7	Alfie White	73	0.4
Terry Parada	310	1.8	Erin Northey	66	0.4

* indicates withdrew from race after nomination day

• Taz Bouchier
• Kyle Brown - city employee^[27]
• Candas Jane Dorsey - writer^[26]
• Derrick Forsythe - provincial employee^[28]
• Carla Frost - finished fifth in the 2010 Ward 6 race
• Melinda Hollis - psychotherapist^[29]
• Bryan Kapitza - finished second in the 2010 Ward 6 race
• Heather MacKenzie - former public school trustee^[30]
• Scott McKeen - finished second in the 2010 Ward 7 race, journalist^[23]
• Erin Northey - swim instructor^[31]
• Adil Pirbhai - finished seventh in the 1998 Ward 5 race, accountant^[32]
• Javed Sommers - public service auditor,^[33] withdrew from race on October 19 and endorsed Heather MacKenzie^[34]
• Alfie White - mechanic^[35]
• Dexx Williams - financial advisor^[36]

Ward 7

Ward 7! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Tony Caterina	6,064	42.1
Dave Colburn	4,892	34.0
Mimi Williams	1,770	12.3
Tish Prouse	1,053	7.3
Terry Rolls	476	3.3
A. Daniel Eniafe	154	1.1

• Tony Caterina - incumbent
• Dave Colburn - former public school board chairman^[37]
• Tish Prouse - archeologist^[38]
• Terry Rolls - finished fourth in the 2010 Ward 7 race
• Mimi Williams - finished third in the 2001 Ward 2 race, activist^[21]

Ward 8

Ward 8! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Ben Henderson	14,651	74.5
Heather Workman	2,603	13.2
Brian A. Deacon	1,417	7.2
Kris Szczepanski	535	2.7
Nicholas Reading	448	2.3

• Ben Henderson - incumbent^[39]

Ward 9

Ward 9! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Bryan Anderson	18,735	82.6
Andrew Gorman	3,952	17.4

• Bryan Anderson - incumbent
• Andrew Gorman - Edmonton International Airport employee^[40]

Ward 10

Ward 10! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Michael Walters	11,807	63.9
	3,818	20.7
Hafis Devji	1,509	8.2
Dan 'Can Man Dan' Johnstone	907	4.9
Ray Bessel	444	2.4

• Ray Bessel - businessman^[41]
• Hafis Devji - businessman^[42]
• Richard Feehan - university instructor^[43]
• Dan Johnstone (also known as "Can Man Dan") - activist^[44]
• Michael Walters - community organizer^[43]

Ward 11

Ward 11! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Mike Nickel	8,235	47.8
Sonia Bitar	2,488	14.4
Harvey Panesar	2,318	13.5
Brent Schaffrick	1,433	8.3
Dennis John Gane	1,123	6.5
Mujahid Chak	920	5.3
Roberto Maglalang	475	2.8
Rob Aromin	228	1.3

• Rob Aromin - labourer^[45]
• Sonia Bitar - former citizenship judge^[46]
• Mujahid Chak - public servant^[47]
• Dennis Gane - businessman
• Roberto Maglalang - finished sixth in the 2010 Ward 11 race, human resources director^[48]
• Mike Nickel - former councillor^[49]
• Harvey Panesar - mixed martial arts promoter^[50]
• Brent Schaffrick - finished third in the 2010 Ward 11 race, drilling consultant^[51]

Ward 12

Ward 12! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Amarjeet Sohi	13,427	76.8
Chinwe Okelu	3,572	20.4
Raja Abbas	479	2.7

• Chinwe Okelu - finished second in the 2010 Ward 11 race
• Amarjeet Sohi - incumbent^[43]

Public school trustees

Edmonton Public School! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Ward A
Cheryl R Johner	Acclaimed
Ward B
Michelle Draper	6,271	53.1
Carl Kaminsky	3,413	28.9
Steve Jaswal	2,120	18.0
Ward C
Orville Chubb	3,876	28.1
Susan Ketteringham	3,714	27.0
Tina Jardine	3,252	23.6
Karen J. Pheasant	2,939	21.3
Ward D
Ray Martin	6,306	60.8
Elizabeth Johannson	4,059	39.2
Ward E
Ken Gibson	6,959	48.0
Bridget Stirling	4,469	30.8
Lorraine Wheatley	3,077	21.2
Ward F
Michael Christopher Janz	14,709	80.0
Noah Shillington	3,670	20.0
Ward G
Sarah Hoffman	Acclaimed
Ward H
Nathan Ip	6,475	32.7
Weslyn Mather	5,992	30.2
Mike Lanteigne	3,691	18.6
Julie Davies-Jodoin	3,656	18.5
Ward I
Sherry Adams	9,795	64.4
Leslie Ann Cleary	5,421	35.6

Separate school trustees

Edmonton Catholic Schools! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Ward 71
Patricia Grell	2,709	44.6
Terry Harris	1,779	29.3
Zach Koziak	1,588	26.1
Ward 72
Larry Kowalczyk	4,551	62.4
Dan Posa	2,748	37.6
Ward 73
Cindy Olsen	4,246	58.8
Michelle Davis	1,551	21.5
Jennifer Chahal	1,422	19.7
Ward 74
Debbie Engel	5,535	67.7
Brad Lohner	2,641	32.3
Ward 75
John Acheson	4,107	50.4
Andrea Klotz	4,037	49.6
Ward 76
Marilyn Bergstra	5,409	56.7
Tom Solyom	4,132	43.3
Ward 77
Laura Thibert	3,650	47.6
Kara Pelech	1,998	26.1
Stephen Dufresne	1,375	17.9
Roger Riashy	640	8.4

Mayoral opinion polling

Polling firm	Date	Don Iveson	Karen Leibovici	Kerry Diotte	Other	Sample size	Polling method
Election		61.88	19.28	15.41	Josh Semotiuk 1.22%, Gordon Ward 1.05%, Kristine Acielo 0.60%, Spoiled 0.56%	213,585	ballot
Insights West	October 17–18, 2013	40	18	13	Undecided 25%, Other 4%	399	online
Leger Marketing	October 11–14, 2013	39	17	13	Undecided 25%, Not voting 4%, Kristine Acielo 1%, Josh Semotiuk 1%, Gordon Ward 1%	809	online
Edmonton Sun	October 7–13, 2013	42	20	33	Josh Semotiuk 2%, Gordon Ward 2%, Kristine Acielo 1%	1,137	online
Praxis Analytics		40.1	17	16.7	Undecided 19.2%, Other 7%	4,144	telephone
Leger Marketing	September 11–17, 2013	20	11	12	Undecided 51%, Not voting 6%	404	online

2015 by-election

On May 5, 2015, Sarah Hoffman left her position as Ward G trustee for Edmonton Public Schools, and was elected as an MLA in the Alberta general election for Edmonton-Glenora.^[52] The 2015 Edmonton municipal by-election was held on Monday September 28, 2015 to elect one trustee to replace Hoffman.

Ward G^[53] ! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Bridget Stirling	528	47.1
Ros Smith	371	30.2
Rob Bernshaw	110	9.0
Kristen Kuefler	55	4.5
Aminah Aboughoushe	53	4.3
Wayde Lever	33	2.7
Christopher Suchit	22	1.8
R.J. Koopmans	5	0.4

2016 by-election

In October 2015 Amarjeet Sohi left his position as Ward 12 city councillor, after being elected as an MP in the Canadian federal election for Edmonton Mill Woods. The 2016 Edmonton municipal by-election was held on Monday February 22, 2016 to elect one councillor to replace Sohi. With 32 candidates running, the by-election had a record number of candidates for a by-election in Alberta.^[54]

Ward 12^[55] ! Candidate !! Votes !! % !! Candidate !! Votes !! %

Moe Banga	2,359	17.76	Nick Chamchuk	222	1.67
Laura Thibert	1,283	9.66	Nicole Szymanowka	193	1.45
Arundeep Singh Sandhu	1,106	8.33	Jag Gill	169	1.27
Irfan Chaudhry	950	7.15	Lincoln Ho	146	1.10
Nav Kaur	888	6.69	Jagat Singh Sheoran	122	0.92
Danisha Bhaloo	843	6.35	Steve 'CP' Toor	93	0.70
Preet Toor	665	5.01	Jeri Stevens	90	0.68
Sam Jhajj	612	4.61	Terry J. Mckinnon	49	0.37
Rakesh Patel	542	4.08	Andrew Gorman	40	0.30
Brian Henderson	541	4.07	Jason Bale	37	0.28
Balraj Singh Manhas	466	3.51	Victor Viorel Bujor	37	0.28
Dan 'Can Man Dan' Johnstone	436	3.28	Kelly A. Kadla	33	0.25
Mike Butler	371	2.79	Nirpal Sekhon	29	0.22
Yash Sharma	334	2.52	Stephen Wutzke	23	0.17
Field Pieterse	315	2.37	Shani Ahmad	20	0.15
Don Koziak	260	1.96	R. Joey Koopmans	5	0.04

External links

• City of Edmonton: Edmonton Elections

Notes and References

1. Web site: 1968 Bill 23 . https://archive.today/20130115062120/http://www.assembly.ab.ca/Documents/isysquery/eb838767-99dd-456d-8493-9de4846db5ed/1/doc/ . dead . January 15, 2013 . Legislative Assembly of Alberta . December 9, 2012 .
2. Web site: 28th Legislature, 1st Session (2012). Legislative Assembly of Alberta. December 9, 2012.
3. Web site: Election Accountability Amendment Act, 2012 - Section 105. 2012 Bill 7, First Session, 28th Legislature. Legislative Assembly of Alberta. December 9, 2012. December 5, 2012.
4. Web site: Who is Eligible to Vote?. The City of Edmonton. September 2, 2013. 2013.
5. Web site: Edmonton election diary: Iveson's vote total sets record. Edmonton Journal. October 24, 2013. October 22, 2013.
6. Web site: Kent. Gordon. Mayor-elect Iveson seeks help building 'extraordinary' Edmonton. Edmonton Journal. October 24, 2013. October 22, 2013.
7. Web site: Mason. Gary. Nenshi, Iveson election wins show powerful winds of change in Alberta. The Globe and Mail. October 25, 2013. October 22, 2013.
8. Web site: Kliess. Karen. Edmonton election brings handful of surprises and upsets. Edmonton Journal. October 24, 2013. October 22, 2013.
9. Web site: 2013 Official Elections Results . City of Edmonton . October 24, 2013 . November 9, 2013.
10. Web site: Kristine Acielo - Mayoral Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131021044719/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/mayoral-candidates/kristine-acielo-mayoral-candidate . October 21, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
11. Web site: Coun. Iveson confirms entry into Edmonton's mayor race. CBC News. August 20, 2013. June 18, 2013.
12. Web site: Kent. Gordon. City councillor Karen Leibovici joins race for Edmonton mayor (with video). Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. June 13, 2013.
13. Web site: Joshua Semotiuk - Mayoral Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023113756/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/mayoral-candidates/joshua-semotiuk-mayoral-candidate . October 23, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
14. Web site: TV journalist joins Edmonton council race in Ward 1. Edmonton Journal. September 26, 2013. September 16, 2013.
15. Web site: Sand. Andrea. Sloan pulls plug on re-election campaign, retires from politics. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. August 16, 2013.
16. Web site: Bryan Sandilands joins Ward 1 council race. Edmonton Journal. September 15, 2013. September 10, 2013.
17. Web site: Ali and Isse among new city council candidates. https://archive.today/20130916040416/http://www2.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=b9cbde62-f352-436d-83ee-48f1ddb8a34c. dead. September 16, 2013. Edmonton Journal. September 15, 2013. September 6, 2013.
18. Web site: Former school board chair seeking Ward 2 seat. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. June 20, 2013.
19. Web site: Ted Grand enters Ward 2 council race. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 16, 2013.
20. Web site: Another candidate joins Edmontonís Ward 2 council race. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 9, 2013.
21. Web site: Four more candidates seek seats on Edmonton city council. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. June 18, 2013.
22. Web site: David Dodge - Ward Three Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073307/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-three/david-dodge-ward-three-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
23. Web site: Zabjek. Alexandra. Incumbents have the upper hand in municipal elections. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. August 11, 2013.
24. Web site: Wittmeier. Brent. West Edmonton businessman enters Ward 5 council race. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 16, 2013.
25. Web site: Allan Santos - Ward Five Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073255/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-five/allan-santos-ward-five-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
26. Web site: Tumilty. Ryan. More candidates enter Edmonton election race. Metro Edmonton. September 2, 2013. August 19, 2013.
27. Web site: City employee Kyle Brown to run for council in Ward 6. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 9, 2013.
28. Web site: Derrick Forsythe - Ward Six Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073329/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-six/derrick-forsythe-ward-six-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
29. Web site: Psychotherapist latest candidate for Edmontonís Ward 6 council seat. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. August 13, 2013.
30. Web site: Kent. Gordon. Development, crime hot topics at Ward 6 forum. Edmonton Journal. September 26, 2013. September 17, 2013.
31. Web site: Erin Northey - Ward Six Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073324/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-six/erin-northey-ward-six-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
32. Web site: Tenth candidate enters race for Ward 6. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 29, 2013.
33. Web site: Canada Gazette Commissions. Canada Gazette. September 18, 2013. August 24, 2013.
34. Web site: Javed Sommers withdraws from Edmonton’s Ward 6 race; endorses MacKenzie. Edmonton Journal. October 22, 2013. October 19, 2013.
35. Web site: Alfie White - Ward Six Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073451/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-six/alfie-white-ward-six-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
36. Web site: Dexx Williams - Ward Six Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073337/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-six/dexx-williams-ward-six-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
37. Web site: Robb. Trevor. Former Edmonton Public School Board chairman Dave Colburn seeks Ward 7 city council seat. Edmonton Examiner. September 2, 2013. May 15, 2013.
38. Web site: Archeologist announces bid for Ward 7 seat. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. August 29, 2013.
39. Web site: Parrish. Julia. Ward 8 councillor to run for reelection. CTV News. September 2, 2013. June 6, 2013.
40. Web site: Andrew Gorman - Ward Nine Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://archive.today/20131015073407/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-nine/andrew-gorman-ward-nine-candidate . October 15, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
41. Web site: Ray Bessel - Ward Ten Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150615232225/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-ten/ray-bessel-ward-ten-candidate . June 15, 2015 . dead . mdy-all .
42. Web site: Fifth candidate enters Ward 10 race. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 17, 2013.
43. Web site: Rodrigues. Angelique. Edmonton council hopefuls begin campaigns for Oct. 21 election. Edmonton Sun. September 2, 2013. May 31, 2013.
44. Web site: Tumilty. Ryan. More candidates gearing up for Edmonton’s fall vote. Metro Edmonton. September 2, 2013. August 11, 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20150109230331/http://metronews.ca/news/edmonton/763633/more-candidates-gearing-up-for-edmontons-fall-vote/. January 9, 2015. dead.
45. Web site: Rob Aromin - Ward Eleven Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131228215141/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-eleven/rob-aromin-ward-eleven-candidate . December 28, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
46. Web site: Sonia Bitar - Ward Eleven Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131228222157/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-eleven/sonia-bitar-ward-eleven-candidate . December 28, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
47. Web site: Voice of Edmonton's ethnic communities running in Ward 11. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. August 16, 2013.
48. Web site: Roberto Maglalang - Ward Eleven Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131228145536/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-eleven/roberto-maglalang-ward-eleven-candidate . December 28, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
49. Web site: Kent. Gordon. Former councillor Mike Nickel to seek council seat in Ward 11. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. June 12, 2013.
50. Web site: Sports promoter running for Ward 11 seat. Edmonton Journal. September 2, 2013. July 23, 2013.
51. Web site: Brent Schaffrick - Ward Eleven Candidate . October 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131228144549/http://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/election-2013/ward-eleven/brent-schaffrick-ward-eleven-candidate . December 28, 2013 . dead . mdy-all .
52. Web site: Holoiday. Leah. Edmonton public school trustee Sarah Hoffman steps into provincial spotlight. Edmonton Metro. October 1, 2015. May 5, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20151003173621/http://www.metronews.ca/news/edmonton/2015/05/06/edmonton-public-school-trustee-sarah-hoffman-steps-into-provincial-spotlight.html. October 3, 2015. dead.
53. Web site: Official By-Election Results. City of Edmonton. November 20, 2015. September 28, 2015.
54. Web site: Kent. Gordon. Record number of candidates running in Edmonton council byelection. Edmonton Journal. February 22, 2016. January 25, 2016.
55. Web site: Unofficial Election Results. City of Edmonton. February 22, 2016. February 22, 2016.