2013 Chilean general election explained

Country:Chile
Previous Election:2009–10 Chilean general election
Next Election:2017 Chilean general election
Next Year:2017
Module:
Embed:yes
Election Name:Presidential election
Type:presidential
Election Date:17 November 2013 (first round)
Image1:Michelle Bachelet (2013) 4x3 cropped.jpg
Candidate1:Michelle Bachelet
Party1:Socialist Party of Chile
Alliance1:Nueva Mayoría
Popular Vote1:3,470,379
Percentage1:62.17%
Candidate2:Evelyn Matthei
Party2:Independent Democratic Union
Alliance2:Alliance (Chile)
Popular Vote2:2,111,891
Percentage2:37.83%
President
Before Election:Sebastián Piñera
Before Party:National Renewal (Chile)
After Election:Michelle Bachelet
After Party:Socialist Party of Chile
Module:
Embed:yes
Election Name:Parliamentary election
Seats For Election:All 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
20 of 38 seats in the Senate
Election Date:17 November 2013
Heading1:Chamber of Deputies
First Election:yes
Noleader:yes
Party1:Nueva Mayoría
Seats1:67
Percentage1:47.71
Party2:Alliance (Chile)
Seats2:49
Percentage2:36.23
Party3:If You Want It, Chile Changes
Seats3:1
Percentage3:5.43
Party4:Independents
Percentage4:3.32
Seats4:3
Heading5:Senate
Party5:Nueva Mayoría
Seats5:12
Percentage5:50.63
Party6:Alliance (Chile)
Seats6:7
Percentage6:38.05
Party7:Independents
Percentage7:1.52
Seats7:1

General elections were held in Chile on 17 November 2013, including presidential, parliamentary and regional elections. Voters went to the polls to elect:

All the newly elected authorities began their terms on 11 March 2014.

In the presidential election, former president Michelle Bachelet fell short of the absolute majority needed for an outright win. In the runoff election, held on 15 December, she beat former senator and Minister of Labor Evelyn Matthei with over 62% of the vote, with turnout significantly lower than in the first round.

In the parliamentary elections, the New Majority coalition (backing Bachelet's candidacy) won back control of both chambers of Congress, winning 12 of the 20 contested seats in the Senate, for a total of 21 out of 38 total seats, and 67 of the 120 seats in the Chamber of Deputies.

These were the first presidential and parliamentary elections in which all eligible voters were automatically enrolled, and where voting was no longer mandatory. Members of the regional boards were directly elected for the first time.

Timeline

Notable events and dates.[1] [2]

Presidential primaries

See main article: 2013 Chilean presidential primaries.

In December 2012 a law was published allowing political parties or coalitions to define their candidates for president in government-run primary elections. The two main political groups agreed to choose their candidates this way. Former president Michelle Bachelet won the New Majority primary with 73% of the vote, while former senator and minister Pablo Longueira won the Alliance primary with 51%. Longueira subsequently quit the race and was replaced with Evelyn Matthei. Sitting president Sebastián Piñera did not stand for re-election due to term limits.

Presidential candidates

List of candidates who officially registered their candidacies at the Electoral Service. All candidacies were accepted on 28 August 2013.[4] Bachelet's candidacy was automatically accepted after she was proclaimed the winner of her primary by the Election Court.

Unsuccessful candidacies

Opinion polls for presidential race

Legend
width=20 — Not on the list
Wins election
May win election
Runoff
May go to a runoff

First-round scenarios

Publisher Field date Other DK/NR Error Comments
CERC 10 – 22 June 2013 51 3 5— — — — 4 — 24 14 3.0 Source
La Segunda-UDD 9 – 10 July 2013 39 2 7 — — — — 6 — 25 21 3 Source
CEP 13 July - 18 August 2013 45 2 4 — — 11 — 4 — 14 20 3.0 Open question. (Source)
IPSOS 17 August - 9 September 2013 31 7 9 1 2 20 1 13 2 — 15 3.3 Will go to vote (75%). (Source)
IPSOS 17 August - 9 September 2013 33 8 11 1 1 22 1 11 1 — 11 3.3 Likely voters (53%). (Source)
Conecta 30 August -7 September 2013 39.8 3.2 8.8 0.2 — 17.7 0.8 9.9 0.5 4.1 15.0 3.9 Source
Ichem (U. Autónoma) 23 August - 27 September 2013 44.4 3.5 8.4 0.2 0.2 17.3 0.0 7.6 0.8 — 17.7 2.35 Will "surely" go to vote (55%). (Source)
La Segunda-UDD 10 – 12 September 2013 38 4 7 0 0 27 0 8 1 — 15 3.1 Source
ICSO (UDP) 2 September - 10 October 2013 45.2 4.6 7.3 <1.0 <1.0 15.9 <1.0 12.0 <1.0 4.9 9.6 2.72 Likely voters (51.4%). (Source)
CEP 13 September - 14 October 2013 47 3 7 0 0 14 0 10 0 16 3 3.0 Ballot-box vote. (Source)
CEP 13 September - 14 October 2013 54 3 8 0 0 19 0 7 0 — 9 3.0 Will "surely" go to vote (50%). Questionnaire. (Source)
CEP 13 September - 14 October 2013 53.6 4.1 7.2 0.0 0.1 17.1 0.5 7.8 0.4 9.3 — 3.0 Will "surely" go to vote (50%). Ballot-box vote. (Source)
IPSOS 24 September - 4 October 2013 34 6 7 2 2 19 2 15 1 — 12 3.3 Will go to vote (72%). (Source)
IPSOS 24 September - 4 October 2013 33 5 7 2 2 23 2 15 1 — 10 3.3 Likely voters (49%). (Source)
IPSOS 8 – 18 October 2013 30 6 8 2 2 19 3 15 2 — 13 2.6 Will go to vote (75%). (Source)
IPSOS 8 – 18 October 2013 32 6 7 2 3 20 3 14 2 — 11 2.6 Likely voters (51%). (Source)
La Segunda-UDD 16 – 17 October 2013 40 3 7 0 0 26 0 10 0 — 14 3.4 Source
El Mercurio-Opina 19/20 and 26/27 October 2013 46.2 1.7 7.2 0.2 0.1 21.7 1.1 7.9 0.3 13.6 — 3.1 Likely voters (56.1%). Ballot-box vote. (Source)
IPSOS 19 October - 5 November 2013 30 5 12 2 0 20 3 13 2 — 13 2.2 Will go to vote (76%). (Source)
IPSOS 19 October - 5 November 2013 32 6 11 2 0 20 3 14 3 — 9 2.2 Likely voters (54%). (Source)

Second-round scenarios

Bachelet vs. Matthei

Publisher Field date Other DK/NR Error Comments
Conecta 30 August - 7 September 2013 57.6 23.1 9.3 10.0 3.9 Source
ICSO (UDP) 2 September - 10 October 2013 47.4 17.2 22.0 13.4 2.72 Source
Ipsos-Usach 21 November - 2 December 2013 65.2 34.9 — — 4.3 Voted in first round and will go to vote. (Source)

Presidential campaign

Debates

First round

The first debate was organized by ANP (National Press Association) and CNN Chile and took place in Coquimbo's Enjoy Casino on 9 October. It ran from 20:00-22:00 with all candidates —except Bachelet, citing a prior commitment— participating.[35] It was moderated by CNN Chile anchor Daniel Matamala. There were four other journalists from regional media present who asked the candidates two randomly selected questions. Matamala also asked two questions, which were the same to all eight candidates.[36]

A radio debate organized by the Radio Broadcasters Association of Chile (Archi), took place on 25 October 2013 at the Gabriela Mistral Cultural Centre (GAM) in Santiago. The debate, which featured all nine candidates for the first time, was broadcast by over 600 radio stations across the country. It started at 8 AM and lasted for about 140 minutes. It was moderated by Archi president Luis Pardo and included four radio journalists: Sergio Campos (Cooperativa), Cony Stipicic (Duna), Mauricio Bustamente (Infinita) and Alejandro de la Carrera (Agricultura).[37] [38]

A series of two consecutive televised debates were organized by the National Television Association (Anatel) and broadcast by all national terrestrial television stations. All nine candidates participated, as well. The first part of the debate aired on 29 October 2013, with a second part transmitted the next day. Both shows took place at TVN's studios in Santiago, beginning at 10 PM and running for over two hours. Former Anatel president Bernardo Donoso served as moderator. The journalists for the first day were Constanza Santa María (Canal 13), Soledad Onetto (Mega) and Claudio Elórtegui (UCV-TV); while the journalists for the second day were Beatriz Sánchez (La Red), Iván Núñez (Chilevisión) and Mauricio Bustamante (TVN).[39] [40]

Runoff

A radio debate on 6 December 2013 was organized by Archi.[41] A television debate organized by Anatel was held 10 December 2013.[42]

Results

Senate

Senators are elected for eight-year mandates, and roughly half of the Senate is renewed every four years. On this election, ten out of 19 senatorial constituencies were contested. As each constituency elects two representatives, this results in 20 new senators.

Regional boards

Provisional results including 99.92% of ballot boxes. There were 41,349 ballot boxes for the regional boards election. The results above are a revised count made by the polling officers the following day.

Reactions

Following the result of the first round election, Bachelet said: "We knew that it would be tough to win on the first round, we worked really hard, and we almost did it. We did win tonight, and we are going to work hard to win comfortably in December."[43] Following the first round, both candidates offered no change in aggressive campaigning for the second round except to include young MPs elected in their campaign. Matthei did however compare her politices that of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and Bachelet's to that of the former East Germany. While Green Ecologist Party's candidate Alfredo Sfeir was the only losing first-round candidate to back one of the two second-round candidates, in his case Michelle Bachelet,[44] independent candidate Franco Parisi said "Bachelet will be a great President, (...) Matthei would do bad for Chile, she is not to be trusted."[45]

U.S. President Barack Obama spoke with Bachelet, while the White House issued a statement that read: "The President expressed his desire to continue strengthening the relationship between the United States and Chile, building on the close partnership he enjoyed with President-elect...The President looks forward to working closely with President-elect Bachelet to advance our shared interests in the years ahead."[46]

Analysis

Though Bachelet's New Majority gained a majority of seats in the legislature, it failed to gain a four-sevenths majority required to pass legislation for her cornerstone education reform, which was the reason for mass mobilisation amidst the ongoing 2011–13 Chilean student protests. They also failed to get a two-thirds majority to restructure the 1981 constitution of Chile enacted during the Augusto Pinochet regime. Wake Forest political science Professor Peter Siavelis suggested: "The [congressional elections] result will surely be disappointing for Bachelet. Social movements that have spilled onto the streets are demanding reform, yet the limits of the institutional structure of Chile are going to limit her capacity to engage in reform. Even though Bachelet may be the winner tonight she is not in an enviable position."[43] The Washington Post said that Bachelet's "legacy now rides on her ability to craft a coalition for far-reaching structural and particularly political reform." It also questioned what a low turnout could mean for her mandate, which it said was not clear enough as she had to go to a second round.[44] The Huffington Post drew the 40th anniversary of the 11 September coup as a more than subtle backdrop to the election while saying the election was a referendum on Pinochet.[47]

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Servicio Electoral . Servel.cl . 2013-11-22 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131203065132/http://www.servel.cl/ss/Satellite?c=S_Estandar&cid=1349388569536&pagename=SERVEL%2FS_Estandar%2FS_ContenidoEstandarC . 2013-12-03 . dead .
  2. http://www.servel.cl/ss/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=content-disposition&blobheadervalue1=inline%3B+filename%3D%22Cronograma+Segunda+Votación+Elección+Presidencial.pdf%22&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1381423812021&ssbinary=true{{Dead link|date=May 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  3. Web site: Minuto a minuto: Piñera visitó a Matthei tras su derrota en 2ª vuelta (fin) . Emol.com . 2013-12-15 . 2013-12-21.
  4. Web site: Servicio Electoral ratifica las declaraciones de todas las candidaturas presidenciales Política . La Tercera . 2013-08-28 . 2013-10-18 . 4 March 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110452/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/politica/2013/08/674-539899-9-servicio-electoral-ratifica-las-declaraciones-de-todas-las-candidaturas.shtml . dead .
  5. News: Bachelet Wins Primary for Chile President - WSJ.com . Online.wsj.com . 2013-07-04.
  6. Web site: Economista Marcel Claude lanza su candidatura presidencial Negocios . La Tercera . 2013-01-26 . 2013-04-04.
  7. Web site: Partido Humanista proclama a economista Marcel Claude como candidato presidencial - Nacional - BioBioChile . Nacional.biobiochile.cl . 2013-04-04 . dead . https://archive.today/20130410034954/http://nacional.biobiochile.cl/notas/2013/03/12/partido-humanista-proclama-a-economista-marcel-claude-como-candidato-presidencial.shtml . 2013-04-10 .
  8. Web site: Marcel Claude inscribe oficialmente su candidatura presidencial en el Servel Política . La Tercera . 1990-01-01 . 2013-10-18 . 13 August 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130813055502/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/politica/2013/08/674-537570-9-marcel-claude-inscribe-oficialmente-su-candidatura-presidencial-en-el-servel.shtml . dead .
  9. Web site: Marco Enríquez-Ominami lanzó oficialmente su candidatura presidencial Política . La Tercera . 1990-01-01 . 2012-11-04 . 2012-10-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121005020206/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/politica/2012/10/674-486703-9-marco-enriquezominami-lanzo-oficialmente-su-candidatura-presidencial.shtml . dead .
  10. Web site: Puntos Multimedia . Socialistas-Allendistas proclaman a ex diputado Marco Enríquez Ominami como candidato ...[+ |publisher=Cambio21.cl |date=2013-05-05 |access-date=2013-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019114520/http://www.cambio21.cl/cambio21/site/artic/20130505/pags/20130505153421.html |archive-date=2013-10-19 |url-status=dead ].
  11. Web site: BioBioChile . Partido Liberal proclamó oficialmente a Marco Enríquez- Ominami como su abanderado presidencial - BioBioChile . 15 June 2013 . Biobiochile.cl . 2013-07-03.
  12. Web site: Se oficializó la candidatura de Marco Enríquez-Ominami . CNN Chile . 2013-07-13 . 2013-07-21.
  13. Web site: ME-O inscribe su candidatura en el Servel: Los chilenos nos merecemos un cambio . Emol.com . 2013-08-17 . 2013-10-18.
  14. Web site: PRI proclama a Ricardo Israel como candidato presidencial Política . La Tercera . 1990-01-01 . 2013-07-21.
  15. Web site: Ricardo Israel inscribe su candidatura presidencial por el PRI . Emol.com . 2013-08-14 . 2013-10-18.
  16. Web site: nacion.cl - TomĂĄs Jocelyn-Holt acepta ser candidato presidencial de Chile Primero . Lanacion.cl . 2012-01-21 . 2012-02-03.
  17. Web site: Chile Primero decide retirar apoyo a candidatura presidencial de Tomas Jocelyn- Holt Política . La Tercera . 1990-01-01 . 2013-04-04 . 25 March 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130325150224/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/politica/2012/12/674-497665-9-chile-primero-decide-retirar-apoyo-a-candidatura-presidencial-de-tomas-jocelyn.shtml . dead .
  18. Web site: Tomás Jocelyn-Holt inscribe su candidatura presidencial ante el Servel . Emol.com . 2013-08-19 . 2013-10-18.
  19. Web site: UDI nomina a Evelyn Matthei como su candidata presidencial . Radio Bío-Bío . 2013-07-20. 2013-08-11.
  20. Web site: Consejo de la UDI proclama en forma unánime a Evelyn Matthei como abanderada presidencial - BioBioChile . 10 August 2013 . Biobiochile.cl . 2013-10-18.
  21. Web site: Consejo General de RN proclamó con amplia mayoría a Evelyn Matthei como su candidata . Emol.com . 2011-04-29 . 2013-10-18.
  22. Web site: Evelyn Matthei inscribe su candidatura en el Servel y asegura que habrá segunda vuelta . Emol.com . 2013-08-18 . 2013-10-18.
  23. Web site: Dirigenta vecinal asume como carta presidencial del Partido Igualdad: "Esto es una movilización más" « Radio Universidad de Chile – Diario Electrónico . Radio.uchile.cl . 2013-04-04.
  24. Web site: Roxana Miranda inscribe candidatura presidencial con 41 mil firmas Política . La Tercera . 2013-08-19 . 2013-10-18 . 20 August 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130820113704/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/politica/2013/08/674-538585-9-roxana-miranda-inscribe-candidatura-presidencial-con-41-mil-firmas.shtml . dead .
  25. Web site: Franco Parisi, precandidato presidencial: "La política chilena está como las farmacias, coludida" -20120201 . Adnradio.cl . 2012-02-03.
  26. Web site: Con 52 mil firmas, Franco Parisi inscribe candidatura presidencial independiente Política . La Tercera . 2013-08-07 . 2013-10-18 . 2013-10-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131019163925/http://www.latercera.com/noticia/politica/2013/08/674-536713-9-con-52-mil-firmas-franco-parisi-inscribe-candidatura-presidencial-independiente.shtml . dead .
  27. Web site: Partido Ecologista Verde Levanta Candidatura Presidencial Ecologistas Verdes . Ecologistas.cl . 2013-05-26.
  28. Web site: Alfredo Sfeir, la apuesta presidencial del Partido Ecologista « Radio Universidad de Chile – Diario Electrónico . Radio.uchile.cl . 2013-05-26.
  29. Web site: Alfredo Sfeir inscribió su candidatura: Es un momento histórico . Emol.com . 2013-08-19 . 2013-10-18.
  30. Web site: El Ciudadano » Siguen surgiendo candidatos alternativos a la presidencia, Movimiento Regionalista ya tiene el suyo . Elciudadano.cl . 2013-06-10 . 2013-07-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130731214541/http://www.elciudadano.cl/2013/03/03/64003/siguen-surgiendo-candidatos-alternativos-a-la-presidencia-movimiento-regionalista-ya-tiene-el-suyo . 2013-07-31 . dead .
  31. Web site: Nombre . Eduardo Díaz Herrera ya cuenta con 28 mil firmas para ser candidato presidencial El Periodico . Elperiodico.cl . 2013-07-17 . 2013-10-18 . 19 October 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131019135039/http://www.elperiodico.cl/2013/07/eduardo-diaz-herrera-ya-cuenta-con-28-mil-firmas-para-ser-candidato-presidencial/ . dead .
  32. News: Chilean right-wing presidential candidate drops bid Reuters . Uk.reuters.com . 17 July 2013. 2013-07-21.
  33. Web site: Movimiento por una Asamblea Constituyente oficializa candidatura de Gustavo Ruz « Radio Universidad de Chile – Diario Electrónico . Radio.uchile.cl . 2013-05-26.
  34. Web site: Líder de "Asamblea Constituyente" baja candidatura presidencial, Miranda y Sfeir siguen en carrera - BioBioChile . 19 August 2013 . Biobiochile.cl . 2013-10-18.
  35. Web site: Sin Bachelet, abanderados sostienen primer debate por TV . Diario.latercera.com . 2013-10-18.
  36. Web site: nacion.cl - Sepa cómo será el debate presidencial de la ANP sin Bachelet . Lanacion.cl . 2013-10-08 . 2013-10-18.
  37. Web site: El Mercurio S.A.P. . Cómo será el debate ARCHI que reunirá por primera vez a los nueve candidatos presidenciales . LaSegunda.com . 2013-10-22 . 2013-11-22.
  38. Web site: 24horas.cl . [MINUTO A MINUTO&#93; Debate presidencial de la Archi - Decisión 2013 - 24horas |publisher=24horas.cl |date=2013-10-24 |access-date=2013-11-22].
  39. Web site: nacion.cl - Reviva el minuto a minuto del primer debate de Anatel . Lanacion.cl . 2013-10-30 . 2013-11-22.
  40. Web site: nacion.cl - Repase todo lo que dejó el segundo debate presidencial de Anatel . Lanacion.cl . 2013-10-31 . 2013-11-22.
  41. Web site: La preparación de Bachelet y Matthei para el primer debate en miras a la segunda vuelta Política . La Tercera . 1990-01-01 . 2013-12-21.
  42. Web site: Evelyn Matthei abrirá y cerrará debate presidencial de Anatel . Emol.com . 2013-12-21.
  43. Web site: Bachelet tops Chile president vote - Americas . Al Jazeera English . 2013-12-21.
  44. News: Siavelis . Peter M. . Bachelet returns to power in Chile with impressive victory, but what does low turnout mean for her mandate? . Washingtonpost.com . 2013-12-21.
  45. Web site: Parisi: "Bachelet va a hacer un gran Gobierno" El Dínamo . Eldinamo.cl . 2013-12-21 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131219031526/http://www.eldinamo.cl/2013/12/11/parisi-bachelet-va-a-hacer-un-gran-gobierno/ . 2013-12-19 . dead .
  46. News: David Jackson, USA TODAY . Obama calls president-elect of Chile . Usatoday.com . 18 December 2013. 2013-12-21.
  47. News: Chile's Election: A Referendum on Pinochet Gary Villablanca Duff . Huffingtonpost.com . 18 December 2013. 2013-12-21.

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