See main article: 2012 Kremlin Cup. Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova were the defending champions, but King decided not to participate. Shvedova played alongside Katarina Srebotnik, but they lost in the semifinals to Ekaterina Makarova and Elena Vesnina.
Makarova and Vesnina won the final 6–3, 1–6, [10–8] against Maria Kirilenko and Nadia Petrova.