| Election Name: | 2009 Tokyo prefectural election |
| Country: | Tokyo |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 2005 Tokyo prefectural election |
| Previous Year: | 2005 |
| Next Election: | 2013 Tokyo prefectural election |
| Next Year: | 2013 |
| Seats For Election: | All 127 seats in the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly |
| Majority Seats: | 64 |
| Turnout: | 54.49%(10.50%) |
| Election Date: | 3 July 2009 |
| Leader1: | Naoto Kan |
| Leader Since1: | December 2008 |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (Japan, 1998) |
| Last Election1: | 35 |
| Seats Before1: | 34 |
| Seats1: | 54 |
| Seat Change1: | 20 |
| Popular Vote1: | 2,298,495 |
| Percentage1: | 40.79% |
| Leader2: | Nobuteru Ishihara |
| Leader Since2: | September 2005 |
| Party2: | Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) |
| Last Election2: | 48 |
| Seats Before2: | 48 |
| Seats2: | 38 |
| Seat Change2: | 10 |
| Popular Vote2: | 1,458,108 |
| Percentage2: | 25.88% |
| Leader3: | Natsuo Yamaguchi |
| Leader Since3: | May 2003 |
| Party3: | Komeito |
| Last Election3: | 22 |
| Seats Before3: | 22 |
| Seats3: | 23 |
| Seat Change3: | 1 |
| Popular Vote3: | 743,428 |
| Percentage3: | 13.19% |
| Image4: | 共産 |
| Party4: | Japanese Communist Party |
| Leader4: | Yoshiharu Wakabayashi |
| Leader Since4: | 1997 |
| Last Election4: | 13 |
| Seats Before4: | 13 |
| Seats4: | 8 |
| Seat Change4: | 5 |
| Popular Vote4: | 707,602 |
| Percentage4: | 12.56% |
| Image5: | ネット |
| Leader5: | Mitsuko Nishizaki |
| Party5: | Tokyo Seikatsusha Network |
| Last Election5: | 3 |
| Seats Before5: | 4 |
| Seats5: | 2 |
| Seat Change5: | 2 |
| Popular Vote5: | 110,407 |
| Percentage5: | 1.96% |
| Assembly President | |
| Before Election: | Toshio Hiruma |
| Before Party: | Liberal Democratic Party of Japan |
| After Election: | Ryo Tanaka |
| After Party: | Democratic Party of Japan |
Prefectural elections for the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly were held on 12 July 2009. In the runup to the Japanese general election due by October they were seen as an important test for Taro Aso's ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the New Komeito. New Komeito considers Tokyo as an important stronghold and had repeatedly asked Prime Minister Aso to avoid holding the two elections within a month of each other.[1]
Campaigning officially started on July 3, 2009.[2] The prefecture's 10.6 million registered voters (up 230,000 from 2005) were called upon to elect the 127 Assembly members in 42 electoral districts at 1,868 polling stations across Tokyo.[3] 221 candidates had been formally registered with the Tokyo metropolitan electoral commission. The LDP and the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) each endorsed 58 candidates, the Japan Communist Party (JCP) supports 40 and New Komeito formally fields 23 candidates,[4] though it has also decided to support LDP candidates in several districts.[5] Local campaign issues included Tokyo's bid for the 2016 Olympic Games and governor Shintaro Ishihara's plan to relocate the Tsukiji fish market in 2012.[6] The national debate over a possible ban of "hereditary" (Japanese: 世襲, seshū) politicians has also affected several candidates.[7]
Tokyo's legislative election is one of only three elections for prefectural parliaments countrywide that are not held in the "unified regional election" (tōitsu chihō senkyo, last round: 2007), the other two being Ibaraki's and Okinawa's prefectural assembly elections.
Polls closed at 8:00 pm Japan Standard Time. Turnout was significantly up from 2005 and stood at 54.5 percent. The DPJ picked up 20 seats and saw 54 of their 58 candidates elected. The LDP lost its status as strongest party in the Metropolitan Assembly for the first time since 1965. Despite strong results for coalition partner Kōmeitō, the ruling camp could not defend an absolute majority (64 seats).[8] [9] [10] The only electoral district where an LDP candidate received the most votes (top tōsen) was the single-member [Izu and Ogasawara] islands electoral district of former assembly president Chūichi Kawashima,[11] a native of Ōshima town who had represented the islands since 1985.
|-! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" |Parties! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;" |Candidates! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Votes! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |%! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:right;" |Seats|-| style="text-align:left;" |Democratic Party of Japan (民主党, Minshutō)| style="text-align:right;" | 58| style="text-align:right;" | 2,298,494| style="text-align:right;" | 40.79| style="text-align:right;" | 54|-| style="text-align:left;" |Liberal Democratic Party of Japan (自由民主党, Jiyū Minshutō)| style="text-align:right;" | 58| style="text-align:right;" | 1,458,108| style="text-align:right;" | 25.88| style="text-align:right;" | 38|-| style="text-align:left;" |New Komeito Party (公明党, Kōmeitō)| style="text-align:right;" | 23| style="text-align:right;" | 743,427| style="text-align:right;" | 13.19| style="text-align:right;" | 23|-| style="text-align:left;" |Japanese Communist Party (日本共産党, Nihon Kyōsan-tō)| style="text-align:right;" | 40| style="text-align:right;" | 707,602| style="text-align:right;" | 12.56| style="text-align:right;" | 8|-| style="text-align:left;" |Tokyo Seikatsusha Network (東京・生活者ネットワーク)| style="text-align:right;" | 5| style="text-align:right;" | 110,407| style="text-align:right;" | 1.96| style="text-align:right;" | 2|-| style="text-align:left;" |Social Democratic Party (社民党 Shamin-tō)| style="text-align:right;" | 2| style="text-align:right;" | 20,084| style="text-align:right;" | 0.36| style="text-align:right;" | 0|-| style="text-align:left;" | Others| style="text-align:right;" | 13| style="text-align:right;" | 45,329| style="text-align:right;" | 0.80| style="text-align:right;" | 0|-| style="text-align:left;" | Independents| style="text-align:right;" | 22| style="text-align:right;" | 250,869| style="text-align:right;" | 4.45| style="text-align:right;" | 2|-|style="text-align:left;background-color:#E9E9E9"|Total (turnout 54.49%)|style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9" | 221|style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"| 5,705,441|style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"| 100.00|style="text-align:right;background-color:#E9E9E9"| 127|-| style="text-align:left;" colspan=5 |Source: Tokyo electoral commission http://www.senkyo.metro.tokyo.jp/h21togisen/indexa.html |}
The president of the LDP's Tokyo prefectural federation, one of governor Ishihara's then two sons in the national House of Representatives, Nobuteru, initially hinted to step down as LDP Tokyo chief, but eventually stayed on. Nationally, Tarō Asō came under pressure within his party to resign immediately as party president-prime minister,[12] but could avoid a leadership challenge by calling the general election of the House of Representatives early[13] – the election on August 30 resulted in a landslide loss for the ruling coalition.
Democrat Ryō Tanaka from Suginami was elected assembly president, Kantarō Suzuki (Kōmeitō, Arakawa) became vice president. The assembly majority in the new assembly is often involved in disputes with governor Ishihara over the budget, the Tsukiji relocation and other issues.[14] [15] [16] Yet, in the gubernatorial election of 2011 (part of the unified regional election), Ishihara was safely reelected for a fourth term.