| Election Name: | 2005 Moscow City Duma election |
| Country: | Russia |
| Flag Image: | Flag of Moscow, Russia.svg |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 2001 Moscow City Duma election |
| Previous Year: | 2001 |
| Next Election: | 2009 Moscow City Duma election |
| Next Year: | 2009 |
| Turnout: | 34.75% 4.28 pp |
| Leader1: | Yury Luzhkov |
| Party1: | United Russia |
| Last Election1: | – |
| Popular Vote1: | 1,132,523 |
| Percentage1: | 47.25% |
| Leader2: | Ivan Melnikov |
| Party2: | Communist Party of the Russian Federation |
| Popular Vote2: | 401,405 |
| Percentage2: | 16.75% |
| Leader3: | Ivan Novitsky |
| Party3: | Yabloko |
| Last Election3: | 4 seats |
| Popular Vote3: | 266,295 |
| Percentage3: | 11.11% |
| Leader4: | Vladimir Zhirinovsky |
| Party4: | Liberal Democratic Party of Russia |
| Popular Vote4: | 191,833 |
| Percentage4: | 8% |
| Leader5: | Irina Rukina |
| Party5: | Russian Party of Life |
| Image5: | Irina Rukina.jpg |
| Popular Vote5: | 114,329 |
| Percentage5: | 4.77% |
| Before Party: | United Russia |
| After Party: | United Russia |
| Seats1: | 28 |
| Seats2: | 4 |
| Seats3: | 3 |
| Seats4: | 0 |
| Seats5: | 0 |
| Seat Change1: | – |
| Seat Change3: | 1 |
| Majority Seats: | 35 |
The Moscow legislative election of 2005 was held on 4 December of that year to the fourth convocation of the Moscow City Duma. On party lists via proportional representation were elected 18 of the 35 deputies, while 17 deputies were in single-member constituencies. To get into the City Duma via a party list, parties need to overcome the 10% threshold. The term of office of the new City Duma was four years.
On 6 November 2005, Rodina was barred from taking part in the December elections to the Moscow Duma following a complaint filed by the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia that Rodina's advertising campaign incited racial hatred. The advertisement in question showed Caucasian immigrants tossing watermelon rinds to the ground and ended with the slogan "Let's clear our city of trash", calling for Russians to clean their cities of rubbish.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] It garnered much controversy and opinion polls predicted that Rodina would come second with close to 25% in the December vote. Rodina leader Dmitry Rogozin appealed the decision, but the ban was upheld on 1 December 2005.[6] [5]
First place in the voting by party lists was United Russia, which received 47.25% of the vote (13 seats). The 10-percent barrier was overcome by two other parties, the Communist Party (16.75%, 4 seats) and United Democrats who participated in the elections under the banner of Yabloko (11.11%, 3 mandates).
Parties which did not pass 10% threshold:
United Russia also won all 15 single-member districts. Thus, the party won 28 seats out of 35 total. The list of United Russia party was headed by the mayor of Moscow, Yuri Luzhkov, who helped them to improve the results in Moscow compared to the 2003 Russian legislative election (in December 2003 United Russia received 34.43% of the vote).