| Mode: | Basketball |
| Year: | 2005–06 |
| Prev Year: | 2004–05 |
| Next Year: | 2006–07 |
| Team: | Xavier Musketeers |
| Conference: | Atlantic 10 Conference |
| Short Conf: | A-10 |
| Record: | 21–11 |
| Conf Record: | 8–8 |
| Hc Year: | 2nd |
| Champion: | A-10 tournament champions |
| Tourney Result: | First round |
The 2005–06 Xavier Musketeers men's basketball team represented Xavier University in the 2005–06 college basketball season. They were led by head coach Sean Miller in his second season at Xavier. The Musketeers were members of the Atlantic 10 Conference and played their home games at the Cintas Center. Xavier finished the season with a record of 21–11, 8–8 in A-10 play to finish seventh in the regular season standings. The Musketeers won four games in four days to capture the A-10 tournament title and secure the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. Playing as the No. 14 seed in the Oakland region, Xavier lost to No. 3 seed Gonzaga, 79–75,[1] in the opening round.
|-!colspan=9 style=| Exhibition|-!colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season|-!colspan=9 style=| A-10 regular season|-!colspan=9 style=| A-10 tournament|-!colspan=9 style=|NCAA tournament[2] [3]