| Mode: | Basketball |
| Sex: | none |
| Year: | 2005–06 |
| Prev Year: | 2004–05 |
| Next Year: | 2006–07 |
| Team: | Southern Jaguars |
| Conference: | Southwestern Athletic Conference |
| Short Conf: | SWAC |
| Record: | 20–13 |
| Conf Record: | 15–3 |
| Hc Year: | 1st |
| Champion: | SWAC tournament champions |
| Tourney Result: | First round |
The 2005–06 Southern Jaguars basketball team represented Southern University during the 2005–06 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Jaguars, led by first-year head coach Rob Spivery, played their home games at the F. G. Clark Center and were members of the Southwestern Athletic Conference. They finished the season 20–13, 15–3 in SWAC play to finish atop the conference regular season standings. They were champions of the SWAC tournament to earn the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament the program's first appearance in 13 years. Playing as No. 16 seed in the Atlanta region, the Jaguars lost in the opening round to No. 1 seed Duke, 70–54.[1]
|-!colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season|-!colspan=9 style=| SWAC regular season|-!colspan=9 style=| SWAC tournament|-!colspan=9 style=|NCAA tournament[2] [3]