| 2005–06 Ranji One Day Trophy | |
| Fromdate: | 10 February |
| Todate: | 5 April 2006 |
| Administrator: | BCCI |
| Cricket Format: | List A cricket |
| Tournament Format: | Round-robin and Playoff format |
| Host: | Various |
| Champions: | Railways |
| Count: | 1 |
| Runner Up: | Uttar Pradesh |
| Participants: | 27 |
| Matches: | 69 |
| Most Runs: | Dinesh Mongia (520) (Punjab) |
| Most Wickets: | Sankalp Vohra (16) (Baroda) |
| Previous Year: | 2004–05 |
| Previous Tournament: | 2004–05 Ranji One Day Trophy |
| Next Year: | 2006–07 |
| Next Tournament: | 2006–07 Ranji One Day Trophy |
The 2005–06 Ranji One Day Trophy was the 13th edition of India's annual List A cricket tournament, which became the Vijay Hazare Trophy in 2007.[1] It was contested between 27 domestic cricket teams of India, starting in February and finishing in April 2006. In the final, Railways beat Uttar Pradesh by 20 runs to win their maiden title.[2]