| Election Name: | 2002 special election at Zamboanga del Norte's 1st congressional district |
| Type: | by-election |
| Country: | Philippines |
| Seats For Election: | Zamboanga del Norte's 1st congressional district |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 2001 Philippine House of Representatives elections |
| Previous Year: | 2001 |
| Next Election: | 2004 Philippine House of Representatives elections |
| Next Year: | 2004 |
| Election Date: | August 26, 2002 |
| Candidate1: | Cecilia Jalosjos Carreon |
| Party1: | Partido ng Demokratikong Reporma |
| Popular Vote1: | 64,000 |
| Percentage1: | 80.45% |
| Candidate2: | Artemio Adaza, Jr. |
| Party2: | Lakas-NUCD-UMDP |
| Popular Vote2: | 8,404 |
| Percentage2: | 10.56% |
| Candidate3: | Orlando Salatandre |
| Party3: | Independent (politician) |
| Popular Vote3: | 6,232 |
| Percentage3: | 7.83% |
| Representative | |
| Posttitle: | Representative-elect |
| Before Election: | Romeo Jalosjos Sr. |
| Before Party: | Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas |
| After Election: | Cecilia Jalosjos Carreon |
| After Party: | Partido ng Demokratikong Reporma |
A special election for Zamboanga del Norte's 1st district seat in the House of Representatives of the Philippines was held on August 26, 2002 due to Representative Romeo Jalosjos Sr. being dropped from the rolls after being convicted with finality for rape of a minor, Jalosjos' sister won the special election convincingly.
See main article: List of special elections in the Philippines. Each congressional district of the Philippines sends one representative to the House of Representatives. An election to the seat is via first-past-the-post, in which the candidate with the most votes, whether or not one has a majority, wins the seat. Based on Republic Act (RA) No. 6645, in order for a special election to take place, the seat must be vacated, the relevant chamber notifies the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) the existence of a vacancy, then the COMELEC schedules the special election. There is a dispute in the procedure as a subsequent law, RA No. 7166, supposedly amended the procedure, bypassing the need for official communication from the relevant chamber of the vacancy. The COMELEC has always waited on official communication from the relevant chamber before scheduling a special election.[1]
Meanwhile, according to RA No. 8295, should only one candidate file to run in the special election, the COMELEC will declare that candidate as the winner and will no longer hold the election.[2]
Zamboanga del Norte's 1st congressional district is found in the northern part of the province. Romeo Jalosjos has held the district since winning in 1995.
The House of Representatives dropped incumbent representative Romeo Jalosjos Sr. from the rolls after his conviction for rape of a minor was rendered final by the Supreme Court on November 15, 2001. Jalosjos, who was accused of rape in 1996, was originally convicted by the Makati Regional Trial Court, and sentenced to two life terms aside from penalties from six counts of lasciviousness, but still won reelection in 2001. The vacancy caused the House of Representatives to ask the Commission on Elections to call for a special election.[3]
Four candidates filed the paperwork to run for the vacant seat:[4]
Carreon won via landslide, earning 64,000 votes. She served until the end of her brother's unfinished term in 2004. She was sworn in by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo on August 29 at Sergio Osmeña, Zamboanga del Norte.[5]
The seat became a stronghold of the Jalosjos family. Carreon won in the 2004 and 2007 general election.[6] Romeo's son Bullet won in 2010,[7] and defended the seat two more times until he was term-limited in 2019.[8] Romeo's son and Bullet's brother, Romeo Jr., won in 2019.[9] Romeo Jr. was proclaimed winner in 2022, but vacated the seat later on due to pending disqualification cases against his opponents.[10]
Carreon was mayor of Piñan, Zamboanga del Norte in 2022.[11]