2-Fluoromethamphetamine Explained

2-Fluoromethamphetamine (2-FMA) is a stimulant drug of the amphetamine family which has been used as a designer drug.[1] [2] 2-FMA is commonly compared to lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), and dextroamphetamine due to its efficacy as a study or productivity aid. 2-FMA is purported to produce somewhat less euphoria than comparable amphetamines, likely due to its main mechanism of action consisting of norepinephrine reuptake inhibition.[3]

Chemistry

2-Fluoromethamphetamine is fluorinated analogue of methamphetamine, and is a regioisomer of 3-FMA and 4-FMA.

It does not activate the serotonin receptors, including 5-HT2A, unlike most stimulant drugs of the amphetamine family.

Legal status

Canada

As of 1996, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in Canada, due to being an analog of methamphetamine.[4]

China

As of October 2015, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in China.[5]

Germany

As of 13 December 2014, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in Germany.[6] It is controlled under Anlage I BtMG (Narcotics Act, Schedule I).[7] Substances controlled under Anlage I BtMG are illegal to manufacture, possess, import, export, buy, sell, procure or dispense it without a license. Violations of the law are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to five years.[8]

Ukraine

As of July 2019, 2-FMA is a controlled substance in Ukraine (considered a narcotic).[9]

United States

As a close analog of scheduled controlled substance,[10] sale or possession of 2-FMA could be potentially be prosecuted under the Federal Analogue Act.[11]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Camilleri A, Johnston MR, Brennan M, Davis S, Caldicott DG . Chemical analysis of four capsules containing the controlled substance analogues 4-methylmethcathinone, 2-fluoromethamphetamine, alpha-phthalimidopropiophenone and N-ethylcathinone . Forensic Science International . 197 . 1–3 . 59–66 . April 2010 . 20074881 . 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.048 .
  2. Ishii A, Sato K, Kusakabe K, Kato N, Wada T . Identification and Quantitative Analysis of 2-Fluoromethamphetamine and Its Metabolites in Human Urine . Journal of Analytical Toxicology . 47 . 1 . 59–65 . February 2023 . 35562170 . 10.1093/jat/bkac026 .
  3. Åstrand A, Guerrieri D, Vikingsson S, Kronstrand R, Green H . In vitro characterization of new psychoactive substances at the μ-opioid, CB1, 5HT1A, and 5-HT2A receptors-On-target receptor potency and efficacy, and off-target effects . Forensic Science International . 317 . 110553 . December 2020 . 33160102 . 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110553 . 226279968 . free .
  4. Web site: Legislative Services Branch . 2022-03-31 . Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20220611233323/https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-9.html . 2022-06-11 . 2022-08-11 . laws-lois.justice.gc.ca.
  5. Web site: 关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知 . China Food and Drug Administration . 27 September 2015 . Chinese . 1 October 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151001222554/http://www.sfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0056/130753.html . 1 October 2015 . dead .
  6. Web site: Bundesgesetzblatt . Achtundzwanzigste Verordnung zur Änderung betäubungsmittelrechtlicher Vorschriften – Vom 5. Dezember 2014 . German . Bundesanzeiger-Verlags-GmbH . 6 April 2022.
  7. Web site: Bundesministerium der Justiz . Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz – BtMG) Anlage I (zu § 1 Abs. 1) (nicht verkehrsfähige Betäubungsmittel) . German . 6 April 2022.
  8. Web site: Bundesministerium der Justiz . Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz – BtMG) § 29 Straftaten . German . 6 April 2022.
  9. Web site: Про внесення змін до Закону України "Про обіг в Україні наркотичних засобів, психотропних речовин, їх аналогів і прекурсорів" . Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine . 23 July 2019 . Ukrainian . 6 September 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210905235904/https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/863-14. 5 September 2021 . live .
  10. Rösner P, Quednow B, Girreser U, Junge T . Isomeric fluoro-methoxy-phenylalkylamines: a new series of controlled-substance analogues (designer drugs) . Forensic Science International . 148 . 2–3 . 143–156 . March 2005 . 15639609 . 10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.05.003 .
  11. Web site: Federal Controlled Substance Analogue Act Summary . Erowid Analog Law Vault.

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