1995 Chicago mayoral election explained

Election Name:1995 Chicago mayoral election
Country:Chicago
Type:presidential
Ongoing:no
Previous Election:1991 Chicago mayoral election
Previous Year:1991
Next Election:1999 Chicago mayoral election
Next Year:1999
Election Date:April 4, 1995
Turnout:42.25%[1] 2.75 pp
Image1:File:Richard M. Daley 2e3d590c825333d43821d5626d273551 (3x4) (1).jpg
Candidate1:Richard M. Daley
Party1:Democratic Party (United States)
Popular Vote1:359,466
Percentage1:60.09%
Candidate2:Roland Burris
Party2:Independent (United States)
Popular Vote2:217,024
Percentage2:36.28%
Mayor
Before Election:Richard M. Daley
Before Party:Democratic Party (United States)
After Election:Richard M. Daley
After Party:Democratic Party (United States)

The Chicago mayoral election of 1995 resulted in the re-election of Democratic Party nominee incumbent Richard M. Daley over independent candidate Roland Burris, with 359,466 votes to Burris's 217,024. Daley won 60.1% of the total vote, winning by a landslide 24-point margin. The Republican candidate, Raymond Wardingley, fared poorly with only 2.8% of the vote. A fourth-place candidate, Harold Washington Party nominee Lawrence Redmond, won 0.9% of the votes.[2]

This was the last election for Mayor of Chicago where candidates ran under party labels, as a state law was enacted later in 1995 making all municipal offices in the state non-partisan.[3]

The Democratic Party, Republican Party, and the Harold Washington Party all held primary elections for their nominations. However, only the Democratic Party's primary saw a sizeable number of voters participate. Daley easily defeated Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago Commissioner Joseph E. Gardiner by a margin of more that 30 points. Wardingley, a perennial candidate and clown, very narrowly won the Republican nomination among a weak field of contenders. Redmond was unopposed for the Harold Washington Party primary.

Nominations

Democratic primary

Daley easily defeated two challengers in the primary.

Daley's primary challenge came from Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago Commissioner Joseph E. Gardner. Gardner had been a high-ranking member of Harold Washington's mayoral administration and an executive at PUSH.[4] By 1995, Sheila A. Jones had become a perennial competitor in the Democratic mayoral primary.

As was the case in all of his reelection campaigns, Daley did not attend any debates.[5]

Daley vastly out-raised his opponents in campaign funds.[6]

Results

Daley won a majority of the vote in 31 wards. Gardner won a majority of the vote in the remaining 19 wards.

Results by ward

Republican primary

Raymond Wardingley narrowly won the Republican nomination.

The Republican field was regarded as weak.[7] Wardingly had worked as a clown under the name "Spanky the Clown".[7] He had thrice before run for mayor.[8]

Candidates Themis Anagost[9] (an attorney),[10] Leon Beard,[11] and Raymond Lear[12] [13] had been denied inclusion on the ballot due to issues with their petitions.

Results

Results by ward

Harold Washington Party primary

Lawrence C. Redmond went unopposed in the Harold Washington Party primary.

Candidates Phillip Morris[14] and Ilene Smith[15] had been denied inclusion on the ballot due to issues regarding their petitions.

Results

Results by ward

Independent candidates

Roland Burris ran as an independent.[16]

When first approached by black activists about running for mayor, Burris had declined. He ultimately ran, proclaiming to have been drafted by “the people”.[17] By the time he decided to run, Joseph Gardner had already challenged Daley in the Democratic primary. Not wanting to run against Gardner and split the black vote in the primary, Burris decided he would run in the general election as an independent candidate.[17]

General election

Daley did not attend any debates.[5] Burris complained of a lack of media coverage on his candidacy.[17] Late into the campaign, Burris issued demands for Daley to address corruption and misconduct by aviation employees, especially Dominic Longo, the manager of vehicle operations at O’Hare. The airport had recently suffered a number of accidents caused by inexperienced runway crew leadership. Burris also alleged that Longo has coerced airport employees into making donations to the Daley campaign in order to keep their jobs.[18] Daley's campaign spent $3 million in the election. Burris spent $250,000.

Polls

Poll sourceDate(s)
administered
class=small Sample
size
Margin of
error
Ronald
Burris
Richard M.
Daley
Raymond
Wardingley
Chicago Tribune[19] March 199519% align=center57%2%

Results

Daley won a majority of the vote in 31 of the city's 50 wards. Burris won a majority of the vote in the remaining 19 wards. In response to Wardingley's abysmal showing, the Republican-controlled Illinois General Assembly passed legislation creating a nonpartisan, runoff election system for citywide offices in Chicago. Public Act 89-0095 was signed into law by Governor Jim Edgar and went into effect for the 1999 Chicago mayoral election.[20] [21]

Results by ward[22]

Notes and References

  1. News: Denvir . Daniel . Voter Turnout in U.S. Mayoral Elections Is Pathetic, But It Wasn't Always This Way . Bloomberg . City Lab (The Atlantic) . December 11, 2018 . May 22, 2015.
  2. Web site: Election Results for 1995 General Election, Mayor, Chicago, Illinois . Chicago Democracy . July 4, 2013.
  3. Web site: Our Campaigns - Chicago Mayor Race - Apr 04, 1995. www.OurCampaigns.com. February 20, 2019.
  4. News: Heard. Jacquelyn. Fegelman. Andrew. Gardner Loses Fight with Cancer. May 17, 1996. Chicago Tribune. February 25, 2023. subscription. https://web.archive.org/web/20190220181316/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1996-05-17-9605170134-story.html. February 20, 2019.
  5. News: Chicago's Long-Running Daley Show. NPR. February 21, 2007. February 20, 2019. Rudin. Ken.
  6. News: Campaign In Chicago Barely Stirs A Breeze. Dirk. Johnson. The New York Times. February 26, 1995. February 20, 2019.
  7. Web site: 10 things you might not know about Chicago mayoral elections. Stephan. Benzkofer. Mark. Jacob. chicagotribune.com. March 27, 2015 . February 20, 2019.
  8. News: RETIRED CLOWN IS MAYORAL NOMINEE OF CHICAGO GOP - The Washington Post. The Washington Post.
  9. Web site: State of Illinois, County of Cook, Case No: 95-EB-MUN-006 . 17 January 1995 . Chicago Board of Election Commissioners.
  10. Web site: Themis Anagnost Obituary (2002) Chicago Tribune. Legacy.com.
  11. Web site: State of Illinois, County of Cook, Case No: 95-EB-MUN-007 . 23 January 1995 . Chicago Board of Election Commissioners.
  12. Web site: State of Illinois, County of Cook, Case No: 95-EB-MUN-004 . 13 January 1995 . Chicago Board of Election Commissioners.
  13. Web site: Lord RayEL Raymond Lear Republican Mayor Candidacy FAIL 1995. April 5, 2016. Wordpress.com. February 20, 2019.
  14. Web site: State of Illinois, County of Cook, Case No: 95-EB-MUN-002 . 30 January 1995 . Chicago Board of Election Commissioners.
  15. Web site: State of Illinois, County of Cook, Case No: 95-EB-MUN-003 . 23 January 1995 . Chicago Board of Election Commissioners.
  16. Web site: State of Illinois, County of Cook, Case No: 95-EB-IND-1 . 8 February 1995 . Chicago Board of Election Commissioners.
  17. Web site: Would You Vote for Roland Burris?. Chicago Reader. January 8, 2009. February 20, 2019.
  18. Web site: Media Burn Archive – [1995 Mayoral Election: Tape 3]]. Mediaburn.org. February 20, 2019.
  19. Web site: Hardy . Thomas . WARDINGLEY STILL BELIEVES DESPITE STAGGERING ODDS . chicagotribune.com . Chicago Tribune . 25 November 2020 . 30 March 1995.
  20. News: Hary. Thomasf. Edgar is Set to End City Partisan Votes. July 7, 1995. Chicago Tribune. February 25, 2023. subscription. https://web.archive.org/web/20210224125054/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1995-07-07-9507070087-story.html. February 24, 2021.
  21. News: Kim. Anna. Why is Chicago's mayoral election in February? Reform, spoiled by a clown. February 25, 2019. Chicago Tribune. February 25, 2023. subscription. https://web.archive.org/web/20190522094333/https://www.chicagotribune.com/politics/ct-met-cb-chicago-mayors-race-election-why-in-february-20190225-story.html. May 22, 2019.
  22. Web site: Election Results for 1995 General Election, Mayor, Chicago, Illinois.