1994 in paleontology explained

Plants

Conifers

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Type locality	Location	Notes	Images
Diploporus^[1]	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	Fossil Yew Genus, type species D. torreyoides
Taxus masonii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	Fossil Yew species
Torreya clarnensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	Fossil nutmeg yew species

Angiosperms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Actinidia oregonensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Kiwi species
Alangium eydei	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A dogwood species
Alangium rotundicarpum	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A dogwood species
Ampelocissus auriforma	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A vitaceous species
Ampelocissus scottii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A vitaceous species
Ampelopsis rooseae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A vitaceous species
Anamirta leiocarpa	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species
Ankistrosperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. spitzerae
Anonaspermum bonesii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A custard apple relative
Anonaspermum rotundum	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A custard apple relative
Anonymocarpa	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. ovoidea
Aphananthe maii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A cannabaceous species
Ascosphaera	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. eocenis
Atriaecarpum clarnense	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species
Axinosperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species A. agnostum
Bonesia	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species B. spatulata
Bumelia? globosa	Sp nov	jr synonym	(Manchester) Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A lardizabalaceous species; Moved to Sargentodoxa globosa in 1999^[2]
Bursericarpum oregonense	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A torchwood family species
Calycocarpum crassicrustae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species
Castanopsis crepetii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A chinkapin species
Celtis burnhamae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A cannabaceous species
Cleyera grotei	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A pentaphylacaceous species
Comicilabium	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	An icacinaceous relative. type species C. atkinsii.
Comminicarpa	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species C. friisae
Cornus clarnensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A dogwood species
Coryloides	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A hazelnut relative, Type species C. hancockii
Cuneisemen	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species C. truncatum
Curvitinospora	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed relative. Type species C. formanii
Davisicarpum limacioides	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species.
Dentisemen	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species D. parvum
Deviacer	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A milkwort genus.^[3] Type species D. wolfei
Diploclisia auriformis	Comb nov	jr synonym	(Hollick) Manchester	Paleocene/Eocene	"King Salmon Lake flora"		A moonseed species. Moved from Carpolithes auriformis (1936) Moved to Stephania auriformis in 2018^[4]
Durocarpus	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species D. cordatus
Emmenopterys dilcheri	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A rubiaceous species.
Eohypserpa scottii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species.
Eucommia constans^[5]	Sp nov	valid	Magallón-Puebl & Cevallos-Ferriz	Miocene - Pleistocene	Pié de Vaca Formation	Mexico	Youngest Eucommia sp. in North America.
Ferrignocarpus	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species F. bivalvis
Fimbrialata	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species F. wingii
Fortunearites	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A witch-hazel relative, type species F. endressii
Fragarites	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species F. ramificans
Globulicarpium	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species G. levigatum
Hexacarpellites	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species H. hallii
Hydrangea knowltonii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Hydrangea species.
Joejonesia	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species J. globosa
lodes chandlerae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	An icacinaceous species.
Iodicarpa	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	An icacinaceous relative. type species I. parvum, includes I. lenticularis
Kardiasperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A hazelnut relative, type species K. parvum
Laurocalyx wheelerae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A laural relative
Laurocarpum hancockii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A laural relative
Laurocarpum nutbedensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A laural relative
Laurocarpum raisinoides	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A laural relative
Lignicarpus	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species L. crassimuri
Ligniglobus	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species L. sinuosifibrae
Lindera clarnensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A spicebush
Lunaticarpa	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species L. curvistriata
Magnolia muldoonae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Magnolia species
Magnolia paroblonga	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Magnolia species
Magnolia tiffneyi	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Magnolia species
Mastixicarpum occidentale	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Tupelo relative
Meliosma beusekomii	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A sabiaceous species.
Meliosma bonesii	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A sabiaceous species.
Meliosma elongicarpa	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A sabiaceous species.
Meliosma leptocarpa	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A sabiaceous species.
Microphallus	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species M. perplexus
Nephrosemen	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species N. reticulatus
Nyssa scottii	sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Tupelo relative
Nyssa spatulata	Comb nov	valid	(Scott) Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Tupelo, new comb for Palaeonyssa spatulata Scott, 1954
Omsicarpium	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species O. striatum
Palaeoallophylus globosa	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A soapberry species.
Palaeoallophylus gordonii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A soapberry species.
Paleopanax	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A ginseng genus, type species P. oregonensis
Paleoplatycarya? hickeyi	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Platycarya relative species.
Parthenocissus clarnensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A vitaceous species
Pasternackia	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. pusilla
Pentoperculum	Gen et comb nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	London Clay		A Sumac relative. A new genus for Dracontomelon minimus (Reid & Chandler, 1933)
Pileosperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. minutum, also includes P. ovatum
Pistachioides	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. striata
Platanus hirticarpa	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A platanaceous Infructescence species.
Polygrana nutbedense	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. dictyum
Polygrana	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. nutbedense
Prunus olsonii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A cherry/plum species.
Prunus weinsteinii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A cherry/plum species.
Pteronepelys	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. wehrii
Pulvinisperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. minutum
Pyrenacantha occidentalis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	An icacinaceous species.
Pyrisemen	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species P. attenuatum
Quintacava	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species Q. velosida
Rhus rooseae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Sumac species
Sabia prefoetida	Comb nov	valid	(Becker) Manchester	Late Eocene	Ruby flora	United States	A sabiaceous species. Moved from Symplocarpus prefoetidus Becker 1969
Sambucuspermites	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. rugulosus
Saxifragispermum tetragonalis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A willow relative
Scabraecarpium	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. clarnense
Scalaritheca	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. biseriata
Scaphicarpium	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. radiatum
Schisandra oregonensis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A magnolia vine species.
Sphaerosperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. riesii
Sphenosperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. baccatum
Stockeycarpa	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. globosa
Striatisperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species S. coronapunctatum
Symplocos nooteboomii	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A Symplocaceae species.
Tanyoplatanus	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A platanaceous Infructescence genus. Type species T. cranei.
Tapiscia occidentalis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A tapisciaceous species
Tenuisperma	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. ellipticum
Tiffneycarpa	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. scleroidea
Tinomiscoidea occidentalis	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species
Tinospora elongata	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species
Thanikaimonia	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed genus. Type species T. geniculata.
Tinospora hardmanae	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A moonseed species
Trema nucilecta	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A cannabaceous species
Trigonostela	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. oregonensis
Tripartisemen	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. bonesii
Triplascapha	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. collinsonae
Triplexivalva	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. rugata
Trisepticarpium	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. minutum
Truncatisemen	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species T. sapotoides
Ulospermum	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species U. hardingae
Wheelera	Gen et sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A seed of uncertain placement. Type species W. lignicrusta
Vitis tiffneyi	Sp nov	valid	Manchester	Middle Eocene	Clarno Formation	United States	A vitaceous species

Arthropods

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Acanthognathus poinari^[6]	Sp nov	Valid	Baroni Urbani & De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		first fossil Acanthognathus species
Aeshna andancensis^[7]	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Brisac	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance		An Aeshna dragonfly
Aeshna cerdanica	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Martínez-Delclòs	Vallesian	Bellver de Cerdanya		An Aeshna dragonfly
Aeschnophlebia miocenica	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Escuillé	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance		An Aeschnophlebia dragonfly
Anochetus ambiguus^[8]	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		A ponerin ant
Anochetus conisquamis	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		A ponerin ant
Anochetus dubius	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		A ponerin ant
Anochetus exstinctus	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		A ponerin ant
Anochetus intermedius	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		A ponerin ant
Anochetus lucidus	Sp nov	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican amber		A ponerin ant
Calopteryx andancensis	Sp nov	Valid	Nel & Brisac	Turolian	Montagne d'Andance		A Calopteryx damselfly
Dlusskyidris^[9]	Gen et comb nov.	Valid	Bolton	Santonian	Taimyr amber		A Sphecomyrminae ant. a new genus for Palaeomyrmex zherichini Dlussky 1975.
Forficula paleoligura^[10]	Sp nov	Valid	Nel, Albouy, Caussanel, & Jamet	Oligocene			An earwig
Odontomachus pseudobauri	Sp nov.	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican Amber		A myrmicin ant
Odontomachus spinifer	Sp nov.	Valid	De Andrade	Burdigalian	Dominican Amber		A myrmicin ant
Protoaristenymphes^[11]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Nel & Henrotay	Toarcian			A Mesochrysopid lacewing, type species P. bascharagensis
Sympecma incerta^[12]	Comb. nov	Valid	Piton	Piacenzian	Lake Chambon	France	A Lestid damselfly, new combination for Lestes incertus

Molluscs

Bivalves

Fishes

Newly named bony fishes

Archosauromorphs

• Aff. Rebbachisaurus gastroliths documented.^[16]
• The "Talkeetna Mountains Hadrosaur" specimen was discovered in a quarry being excavated for road material. The quarry is near the Glenn Highway, approximately 150 miles northeast of Anchorage. That fall, excavation began, and was resumed in the summer of 1996.

Newly named pseudosuchians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Galtonia	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Hunt & Lucas	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	New Oxford Formation		A relative of Revueltosaurus.
Pekinosaurus	Gen et sp nov	Junior synonym	Hunt & Lucas	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Cumnock Formation		A junior synonym of Revueltosaurus.

Newly named dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.^[18]

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Afrovenator^[19]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Sereno, Wilson, Larsson, Dutheil, & Sues		Tiourarén Formation	Niger
Alwalkeria^[20]	Gen et comb nov	Valid	Chatterjee & Creisler		Maleri Formation	India
Alxasaurus^[21]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Russell & Dong			Mongolia
“Amphicoelicaudia”		nomen nudum	Cheng				described as Huabeisaurus allocotus in 2000
Caenagnathasia^[22]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Currie, Godfrey, & Nesov	Turonian - Coniacian	Bissekty Formation	Uzbekistan
Cryolophosaurus^[23]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Hammer & Hickerson	Pliensbachian	Hanson Formation
Koparion^[24]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Chure	Kimmeridgian	Morrison Formation	United States
Monolophosaurus^[25]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Zhao & Currie	Bathonian - Callovian	Shishugou Formation	China
Mymoorapelta^[26]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Kirkland & Carpenter	Kimmeridgian - Tithonian	Morrison Formation	United States
Pelecanimimus^[27]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Perez-Moreno, Sanz, Buscalioni, Moratalla, Ortega, & Rasskin-Gutman	Barremian	Calizas de La Huérguina Formation	Spain
Phuwiangosaurus^[28]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Martin, Buffetaut, & Suteethorn	Valanginian - Hauterivian	Sao Khua Formation	Thailand
Sinornithoides^[29]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Russell & Dong	Aptian - Albian	Ejinhoro Formation	China
Sinraptor^[30]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Currie & Zhao	Late Jurassic	Shishugou Formation	China
Timimus^[31]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Rich & Vickers-Rich	Albian	Eumeralla Formation	Australia
“Tonouchisaurus”		nomen nudum	Barsbold		early Cretaceous
Yingshanosaurus^[32]	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Zhou	Kimmeridgian	Shaximiao Formation

Birds

Name	Status	Novelty	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Berruornis ^[33]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Mourer-Chauviré	Late Paleocene		France	A Strigidae. Type species B. orbisantiqui
Bubo osvaldoi ^[34]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Arredondo & Olson	?Pleistocene	Cave deposits	Cuba	A Strigidae.
Falco duboisi ^[35]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Cowles	Holocene	Cave deposits	Reunion	A Falconidae.
Mascarenachen	jr synonym	Gen et sp nov.	Cowles	Holocene	Réunion	Reunion	An Anatidae, type species M. kervazoi; The species was transferred to Alopochen in 1999.
Mascarenotus grucheti ^[36]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Mourer-Chauviré, Bour, Moutou, & Ribes	Holocene		Reunion	A Strigidae.
Messelastur ^[37]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Peters	Middle Eocene	Messel Formation	Germany	A Messelasturidae, Type species M. gratulator.
Microcarbo serventyorum ^[38]	Valid	Sp. nov.	van Tets	Holocene	peat swamp	Australia	A Phalacrocoracidae.
Neuquenornis ^[39]	Valid	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Chiappe & Calvo	Santonian-Coniacian	Rio Colorado Formation	Argentina	An Avisauridae, Type species N. volans.
Nycticorax borbonensis	jr synonym	Sp. nov.	Cowles	Holocene		Reunion	An Ardeidae, junior synonym of Nycticorax duboisi.
Otogornis ^[40]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Hou	Early Cretaceous		China	A Longirostravidae, type species O. genghisi.
Presbyornis isoni ^[41]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Olson	Late Paleocene	Aquia Formation	United States	A Presbyornithidae
Puffinus spelaeus ^[42]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Holdaway & Worthy	Late Quaternary	South Island, cave deposits	New Zealand	A Procellariidae.
Stephanoaetus mahery ^[43]	Valid	Sp. nov.	Goodman	Holocene. (Subrecent)	Madagascar	Madagascar	An Accipitridae.
Wanshuina ^[44]	Valid	Gen et sp nov.	Hou	Paleocene	Doumu Formation	China	A Rallidae, type species W. lii

Plesiosaurs

• Plesiosaur gastroliths documented.^[45]

New taxa

Pterosaurs

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors		Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Arthurdactylus	Valid	FreyMartill		Early Cretaceous (late Aptian/early Albian)	Crato Formation		A pteranodontoid pterosaur.
Montanazhdarcho^[46]	Valid	Padian, K.,Hornerde Ricqlès, A.J.		Late Cretaceous (Judithian)	Two Medicine Formation		An azhdarchid from Montana.
"Wyomingopteryx"	nomen nudum	Bakker		Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)	Morrison Formation
Zhejiangopterus	Valid	Cai, Z.Wei, F.		Late Cretaceous (early Campanian)	Tangshang Formation		A Chinese azhdarchid.

Other diapsids

New taxa

Name	Status	Authors		Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Lucianosaurus^[47]	Valid Non-Dinosaurian Taxon	Hunt	S. G. Lucas	Late Triassic (Norian)	Bull Canyon Formation
Tecovasaurus	Valid Non-Dinosaurian Taxon	Hunt	S. G. Lucas	Late Triassic (late Carnian)	Tecovas Formation

References

• Calvo, J.O. (1994). Gastroliths in sauropod dinosaurs. Gaia, 10: 205–208.
• Martin, James E.; 1994; Gastric residues in marine reptiles from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale in South Dakota; their bearing on extinction; Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology; 14(3, Suppl.) pp. 36; University of Oklahoma
• Pasch, A. D., K. C. May. 2001. Taphonomy and paleoenvironment of hadrosaur (Dinosauria) from the Matanuska Formation (Turonian) in South-Central Alaska. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Ed.s Tanke, D. H., Carpenter, K., Skrepnick, M. W. Indiana University Press. Pages 219–236.
• Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.

Notes and References

1. Manchester . S.R. . Fruits and Seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon . 1994 . Palaeontographica Americana . 58 . 30–31.
2. Manchester . S. R. . 1999 . Biogeographical relationships of North American tertiary floras . Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden . 86 . 2 . 472–522. 10.2307/2666183 . 2666183 .
3. Myers . J. . Erwin . D. . 2015 . Deviacer pidemarmanii sp. nov. (Polygalaceae) from the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene Badger's Nose Paleoflora, Modoc County, California . International Journal of Plant Sciences . 176 . 3 . 259–268 . 10.1086/679759 . 84642512 .
4. Han . M. . Manchester . S. R. . Fu . Q.-Y. . Jin . J.-H. . Quan . C. . 2018 . Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia . Journal of Systematics and Evolution . 56 . 2 . 81–91 . 10.1111/jse.12288 . 90749898 .
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