1994 Quebec general election explained

Election Name:1994 Quebec general election
Country:Quebec
Type:parliamentary
Ongoing:no
Party Colour:no
Party Name:no
Previous Election:1989 Quebec general election
Previous Year:1989
Previous Mps:34th National Assembly of Quebec
Next Election:1998 Quebec general election
Next Year:1998
Seats For Election:125 seats in the 35th National Assembly of Quebec
63 seats were needed for a majority
Turnout:81.58% (6.56%)
Election Date:September 12, 1994
Leader1:Jacques Parizeau
Leader Since1:March 18, 1988
Leaders Seat1:L'Assomption
Last Election1:29 seats, 40.16%
Seats1:77
Seat Change1:48
Popular Vote1:1,751,442
Percentage1:44.75%
Swing1:4.59%
Leaders Seat2:Vaudreuil
Last Election2:92 seats, 49.95%
Seats2:47
Seat Change2:45
Popular Vote2:1,737,698
Percentage2:44.40%
Swing2:5.55%
Leader4:Mario Dumont
Leader Since4:May 11, 1994
Leaders Seat4:Rivière-du-Loup
Last Election4:pre-creation
Seats4:1
Seat Change4:1
Popular Vote4:252,721
Percentage4:6.46%
Swing4:6.46%
Map Size:250px
Premier
Before Election:Daniel Johnson Jr.
After Election:Jacques Parizeau
Posttitle:Premier after election
Elected Members:elected members

The 1994 Quebec general election was held on September 12, 1994, to elect members of the National Assembly of Quebec. The Parti Québécois, led by Jacques Parizeau, defeated the incumbent Quebec Liberal Party, led by Premier Daniel Johnson Jr.

Johnson had succeeded Robert Bourassa as Liberal leader and Premier. Both his father, Daniel Sr., and brother, Pierre-Marc, had previously served as premiers of Quebec as leaders of different parties.

The election set the stage for the 1995 Quebec referendum on independence for Quebec from Canada. The referendum would see the PQ government's proposals for sovereignty very narrowly defeated.

Mario Dumont, a former president of the Liberal party's youth wing, and then leader of the newly formed Action démocratique du Québec, won his own seat, but no other members of his party were elected.

In Saint-Jean, there was a tie between incumbent Liberal candidate Michel Charbonneau and PQ candidate Roger Paquin. A new election was held on October 24 and was won by Paquin by a margin of 532 votes.[1]

1992 redistribution of ridings

The Commission de la représentation électorale performed a redistribution in 1992, which maintained the number of seats in the National Assembly at 125 for the next general election, making the following alterations:[2]

Abolished ridings New ridings
Drawn from parts of other ridings
Merger of ridings
Renaming of ridings

Results

[6] |-! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party! rowspan=2 | Party leader! colspan=4 | MNAs! colspan=4 | Votes|-! Candidates!1989!1994!±!#! ±!%! ± (pp)|style="text-align:left;"|Jacques Parizeau| 125 || 29 || 77 || 48 || 1,751,442 || 382,375 || 44.75% || 4.59|style="text-align:left;"|Daniel Johnson Jr.| 125 || 92 || 47 || 45 || 1,737,698 || 34,890 || 44.40% || 5.55|style="text-align:left;"|Mario Dumont| 80 ||  - || 1 || 1 || 252,721 || 252,721 || 6.46% ||New[7] |style="text-align:left;"|Keith Henderson| 17 || 4 ||  - || 4 || 11,526 || 148,062 || 0.29% || 4.39| || 68 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 66,221 || 42,470 || 1.69% || 0.99|style="text-align:left;"|Jean-François Sirois| 41 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 33,269 || 8,235 || 0.85% || 0.37|style="text-align:left;"|Allen Faguy| 102 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 33,206 || 33,206 || 0.85% ||New| || 19 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 5,566 || 5,566 || 0.14% ||New|style="text-align:left;"|| 11 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 5,499 || 62,176 || 0.14% || 1.85|style="text-align:left;"|| 10 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 4,087 || 3,463 || 0.10% || 0.12|style="text-align:left;"|Tony Kondaks| 10 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 2,567 || 2,567 || 0.07% ||New| || 18 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 2,258 || 459 || 0.06% || 0.01| || 11 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 1,876 || 1,876 || 0.05% ||New| || 11 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 1,861 || 1,861 || 0.05% ||New| || 9 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 1,759 || 1,759 || 0.04% ||New|style="text-align:left;"|| 13 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 1,171 || 3,074 || 0.03% || 0.09|style="text-align:left;"|| 10 ||  - ||  - ||  - || 1,062 || 254 || 0.03% || 0.01|-! colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Total|680||125! " colspan="2"|125! " colspan="2"|3,913,789! " colspan="2"| 100.00%|-| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Rejected ballots| 78,239| 13,920| colspan="2"||-| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Voter turnout| 3,992,028| 490,960| 81.58| 5.89|-| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" | Registered electors| 4,893,465| 202,775| colspan="2"||}

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1994 Quebec general election[8]
RidingWinning partyTurnout
[9]
Votes
Name1989Party Votes Share Margin
#
Margin
%
PQLibADQNDPTotal
 
Abitibi-EstLibPQ12,314 54.50% 3,917 17.33% 75.70% 12,314 8,397 1,885 22,596
Abitibi-OuestPQPQ17,391 74.37% 11,398 48.74% 73.83% 17,391 5,993 23,384
AcadieLibLib24,796 73.71% 18,060 53.68% 84.33% 6,736 24,796 1,591 268 251 33,642
AnjouLibPQ12,453 46.60% 756 2.83% 85.53% 12,453 11,697 1,753 537 188 98 26,726
ArgenteuilLibLib15,272 42.59% 1,802 5.03% 81.75% 13,470 15,272 6,622 224 270 35,858
ArthabaskaPQPQ20,577 61.55% 9,126 27.30% 81.23% 20,577 11,451 369 905 130 33,432
LibLib10,752 45.81% 61 0.26% 78.16% 10,691 10,752 1,434 592 23,469
Beauce-SudLibLib13,122 45.18% 164 0.56% 75.85% 12,958 13,122 856 1,543 567 29,046
Beauharnois-HuntingdonLibLib16,355 51.76% 3,042 9.63% 82.43% 13,313 16,355 242 1,085 603 31,598
BellechasseLibPQ10,570 46.58% 2,312 10.19% 78.10% 10,570 8,258 3,865 22,693
BerthierLibPQ19,206 53.66% 6,216 17.37% 82.02% 19,206 12,990 2,984 253 356 35,789
BertrandNewLib14,558 45.61% 146 0.46% 83.37% 14,412 14,558 2,486 238 221 31,915
BlainvilleNewPQ15,273 51.40% 5,813 19.56% 83.38% 15,273 9,460 4,188 322 470 29,713
BonaventureLibPQ12,411 52.54% 2,306 9.76% 80.37% 12,411 10,105 925 180 23,621
BorduasNewPQ15,461 55.84% 4,810 17.37% 86.00% 15,461 10,651 1,037 537 27,686
BourassaLibLib12,963 49.91% 2,540 9.78% 83.29% 10,423 12,963 2,210 246 132 25,974
BourgetLibPQ12,669 45.41% 982 3.52% 84.45% 12,669 11,687 3,176 273 96 27,901
Brome-MissisquoiLibLib18,402 61.12% 9,430 31.32% 84.07% 8,972 18,402 2,037 274 423 30,108
ChamblyLibPQ19,800 48.86% 407 1.00% 87.47% 19,800 19,393 519 810 40,522
ChamplainLibPQ14,929 42.26% 3,986 11.28% 83.64% 14,929 10,943 8,953 274 229 35,328
ChapleauLibLib25,181 63.29% 12,618 31.71% 74.63% 12,563 25,181 984 222 219 618 39,787
CharlesbourgLibPQ17,908 47.01% 7,495 19.68% 84.72% 17,908 10,413 6,022 811 375 2,561 38,090
CharlevoixLibPQ12,091 52.59% 3,105 13.50% 76.34% 12,091 8,986 1,915 22,992
ChâteauguayLibLib17,426 51.29% 1,922 5.66% 87.02% 15,504 17,426 623 424 33,977
ChauveauLibPQ20,106 46.54% 6,319 14.63% 81.15% 20,106 13,787 5,427 596 3,281 43,197
ChicoutimiPQPQ22,025 63.55% 13,004 37.52% 78.27% 22,025 9,021 2,619 706 285 34,656
ChomedeyLibLib25,885 67.70% 16,646 43.54% 82.18% 9,239 25,885 1,997 150 962 38,233
Chutes-de-la-ChaudièrePQPQ21,091 51.80% 11,871 29.16% 82.88% 21,091 9,220 7,263 834 279 2,027 40,714
CrémazieLibPQ14,482 46.79% 429 1.39% 86.02% 14,482 14,053 1,703 337 193 180 30,948
D'Arcy-McGeeEqLib21,325 65.37% 11,269 34.54% 84.46% 1,084 21,325 157 10,056 32,622
Deux-MontagnesLibPQ20,742 48.34% 5,689 13.26% 83.28% 20,742 15,053 6,523 286 305 42,909
DrummondLibPQ16,625 46.54% 4,766 13.34% 80.42% 16,625 11,859 3,585 296 3,355 35,720
DubucPQPQ16,759 63.50% 9,617 36.44% 77.74% 16,759 7,142 2,162 328 26,391
PQPQ15,788 60.00% 5,263 20.00% 73.51% 15,788 10,525 26,313
FabreLibPQ17,679 44.30% 1,109 2.78% 86.55% 17,679 16,570 5,043 259 359 39,910
FrontenacLibLib14,916 52.69% 2,336 8.25% 84.02% 12,580 14,916 813 28,309
GaspéLibPQ11,410 53.39% 3,377 15.80% 73.51% 11,410 8,033 1,774 156 21,373
GatineauLibLib19,046 65.05% 9,683 33.07% 77.96% 9,363 19,046 259 609 29,277
GouinPQPQ17,305 56.42% 6,361 20.74% 80.04% 17,305 10,944 1,428 263 458 274 30,672
GroulxLibPQ15,027 46.11% 2,637 8.09% 83.08% 15,027 12,390 4,328 185 152 508 32,590
Hochelaga-MaisonneuvePQPQ14,858 64.78% 8,819 38.45% 75.54% 14,858 6,039 1,249 392 190 209 22,937
HullLibLib19,184 56.56% 5,237 15.44% 78.33% 13,947 19,184 231 554 33,916
IbervilleLibPQ15,604 43.41% 1,464 4.07% 82.96% 15,604 14,140 4,122 645 1,004 428 35,943
Îles-de-la-MadeleineLibLib5,455 59.98% 1,816 19.97% 86.41% 3,639 5,455 9,094
Jacques-CartierEqLib32,839 83.65% 29,398 74.89% 88.12% 3,441 32,839 206 2,771[10] 39,257
Jeanne-ManceLibLib21,294 74.22% 14,760 51.45% 81.52% 6,534 21,294 322 540 28,690
Jean-TalonLibLib12,229 43.90% 25 0.09% 88.95% 12,204 12,229 2,082 313 130 816 83 27,857
JohnsonPQPQ13,247 49.78% 1,246 4.68% 81.13% 13,247 12,001 630 732 26,610
JoliettePQPQ21,903 64.71% 13,191 38.97% 83.84% 21,903 8,712 2,651 581 33,847
JonquièrePQPQ22,598 69.43% 13,895 42.69% 80.03% 22,598 8,703 1,248 32,549
Kamouraska-TémiscouataLibLib10,373 42.69% 386 1.59% 73.30% 9,987 10,373 3,223 717 24,300
LabellePQPQ17,638 65.78% 9,144 34.10% 78.27% 17,638 8,494 340 342 26,814
Lac-Saint-JeanPQPQ20,743 71.67% 13,474 46.55% 78.58% 20,743 7,269 931 28,943
LaFontaineLibLib20,698 55.67% 7,836 21.08% 82.87% 12,862 20,698 2,971 316 334 37,181
La PeltrieLibPQ20,475 49.27% 8,569 20.62% 85.51% 20,475 11,906 6,003 475 2,701 41,560
La PinièreLibLib22,252 62.68% 10,057 28.33% 85.84% 12,195 22,252 597 457 35,501
LaporteLibLib21,162 57.79% 7,094 19.37% 85.17% 14,068 21,162 382 1,006 36,618
La PrairiePQPQ23,164 55.35% 8,444 20.18% 85.22% 23,164 14,720 3,103 371 493 41,851
L'AssomptionPQPQ21,809 56.04% 10,992 28.24% 85.60% 21,809 10,817 5,925 366 38,917
Laurier-DorionNewLib18,522 55.53% 6,930 20.78% 81.65% 11,592 18,522 1,723 409 274 832 33,352
Laval-des-RapidesLibPQ14,179 46.85% 1,733 5.73% 82.68% 14,179 12,446 2,738 669 232 30,264
LaviolettePQPQ16,670 63.54% 9,212 35.11% 78.66% 16,670 7,458 1,880 226 26,234
LévisPQPQ20,998 72.26% 12,937 44.52% 82.11% 20,998 8,061 29,059
LimoilouLibPQ15,092 44.42% 4,484 13.20% 79.16% 15,092 10,608 4,066 938 2,738 537 33,979
LotbinièreLibPQ10,398 45.56% 283 1.24% 80.88% 10,398 10,115 2,308 22,821
Louis-HébertLibPQ12,905 39.37% 3,441 10.50% 85.86% 12,905 7,833 1,868 415 124 9,633[11] 32,778
Marguerite-BourgeoysLibLib24,046 70.34% 16,196 47.38% 86.07% 7,850 24,046 1,200 392 226 472 34,186
Marguerite-D'YouvillePQPQ19,995 58.02% 6,906 20.04% 87.16% 19,995 13,089 554 822 34,460
Marie-VictorinPQPQ17,611 56.19% 7,390 23.58% 80.34% 17,611 10,221 2,749 376 383 31,340
MarquetteLibLib16,774 55.06% 5,728 18.80% 83.57% 11,046 16,774 1,449 164 573 460 30,466
MaskinongéLibPQ16,047 47.56% 2,919 8.65% 81.72% 16,047 13,128 4,261 307 33,743
MassonPQPQ21,481 64.19% 14,490 43.30% 82.71% 21,481 6,991 4,388 255 351 33,466
MataneLibPQ11,625 54.60% 4,230 19.87% 76.95% 11,625 7,395 2,270 21,290
MatapédiaLibPQ12,826 58.48% 3,719 16.96% 76.20% 12,826 9,107 21,933
Mégantic-ComptonLibLib12,799 53.95% 2,748 11.58% 81.03% 10,051 12,799 444 431 23,725
MercierPQPQ17,523 56.48% 8,044 25.93% 80.33% 17,523 9,479 1,681 815 259 1,269 31,026
Mille-ÎlesLibPQ17,337 45.68% 1,371 3.61% 86.87% 17,337 15,966 4,182 295 177 37,957
Montmagny-L'IsletLibLib10,339 44.36% 855 3.67% 75.02% 9,484 10,339 881 2,605 23,309
MontmorencyLibPQ22,734 55.74% 13,068 32.04% 80.74% 22,734 9,666 2,875 534 4,827 150 40,786
Mont-RoyalLibLib22,827 80.41% 19,100 67.28% 80.07% 3,727 22,827 605 143 144 943 28,389
NelliganLibLib33,804 77.16% 25,794 58.88% 86.24% 8,010 33,804 276 1,721 43,811
Nicolet-YamaskaLibPQ13,427 50.13% 907 3.39% 84.85% 13,427 12,520 840 26,787
Notre-Dame-de-GrâceEqLib21,716 73.08% 17,961 60.44% 83.19% 3,755 21,716 406 112 1,752[12] 1,975 29,716
OrfordLibLib19,082 51.07% 3,787 10.13% 82.79% 15,295 19,082 2,454 293 242 37,366
OutremontLibLib19,346 62.11% 9,528 30.59% 82.11% 9,818 19,346 1,049 453 263 220 31,149
PapineauLibLib15,084 53.67% 3,381 12.03% 80.97% 11,703 15,084 836 178 303 28,104
Pointe-aux-TremblesPQPQ15,999 53.77% 6,034 20.28% 82.46% 15,999 9,965 3,466 324 29,754
PontiacLibLib23,066 80.18% 18,883 65.64% 80.90% 4,183 23,066 131 1,387 28,767
PortneufLibPQ14,256 47.88% 3,776 12.68% 79.80% 14,256 10,480 4,501 537 29,774
PrévostLibPQ17,425 50.52% 4,110 11.92% 81.31% 17,425 13,315 2,499 1,033 219 34,491
RichelieuLibPQ17,186 55.09% 4,745 15.21% 83.23% 17,186 12,441 1,570 31,197
RichmondLibLib14,106 54.28% 4,061 15.63% 84.11% 10,045 14,106 1,486 197 154 25,988
RimouskiLibPQ14,926 51.45% 2,627 9.06% 78.33% 14,926 12,299 1,556 227 29,008
Rivière-du-LoupLibADQ13,307 54.77% 6,699 27.57% 83.65% 6,608 4,226 13,307 55 99 24,295
Robert-BaldwinLibLib29,865 82.98% 26,324 73.14% 85.17% 3,541 29,865 909 123 1,552 35,990
RobervalLibPQ18,281 60.08% 7,055 23.18% 75.15% 18,281 11,226 923 30,430
RosemontLibPQ14,736 49.25% 2,500 8.36% 83.71% 14,736 12,236 1,946 626 226 149 29,919
RousseauLibPQ16,532 53.86% 6,699 21.82% 77.66% 16,532 9,833 3,595 631 106 30,697
Rouyn-Noranda–TémiscaminguePQPQ18,160 58.62% 7,372 23.80% 77.75% 18,160 10,788 2,030 30,978
SaguenayLibPQ14,439 57.44% 7,004 27.86% 72.47% 14,439 7,435 3,264 25,138
Sainte-Marie–Saint-JacquesPQPQ16,723 54.73% 6,662 21.80% 75.07% 16,723 10,061 1,691 621 246 647 567 30,556
Saint-FrançoisLibLib15,861 49.48% 2,616 8.16% 82.20% 13,245 15,861 2,422 294 236 32,058
Saint-Henri-Sainte-AnneNewLib14,940 47.96% 641 2.06% 81.21% 14,299 14,940 998 344 112 457 31,150
Saint-HyacintheLibPQ15,988 44.94% 1,092 3.07% 82.53% 15,988 14,896 3,398 1,292 35,574
Saint-Jean[13] LibPQ15,680 43.79% 532 1.49% 76.53% 15,680 15,148 4,693 204 82 35,807
Saint-LaurentLibLib25,711 76.73% 20,109 60.01% 81.83% 5,602 25,711 1,061 154 72 907 33,507
Saint-MauriceLibPQ13,202 47.38% 2,137 7.67% 84.25% 13,202 11,065 3,106 238 254 27,865
Salaberry-SoulangesLibPQ19,448 48.28% 1,009 2.51% 85.37% 19,448 18,439 1,644 322 425 40,278
SauvéLibLib13,447 53.85% 4,183 16.75% 80.26% 9,264 13,447 1,562 453 129 43 72 24,970
SheffordPQLib17,282 45.71% 1,323 3.50% 81.22% 15,959 17,282 4,028 360 177 37,806
SherbrookeLibPQ14,733 47.31% 1,391 4.47% 82.27% 14,733 13,342 2,564 326 176 31,141
TaillonPQPQ23,315 60.99% 9,994 26.14% 81.79% 23,315 13,321 844 746 38,226
TaschereauLibPQ12,308 51.86% 5,783 24.37% 78.78% 12,308 6,525 2,041 705 332 1,741 80 23,732
TerrebonnePQPQ19,671 60.39% 11,444 35.13% 83.20% 19,671 8,227 4,389 285 32,572
Trois-RivièresLibPQ12,607 43.24% 609 2.09% 81.94% 12,607 11,998 4,267 281 29,153
UngavaPQPQ7,276 54.19% 1,905 14.19% 51.81% 7,276 5,371 372 407 13,426
VachonLibPQ15,685 48.86% 3,531 11.00% 84.38% 15,685 12,154 3,536 300 424 32,099
VanierLibPQ18,257 49.50% 8,799 23.85% 80.39% 18,257 9,458 4,906 1,054 3,008 203 36,886
VaudreuilLibLib24,849 59.50% 9,107 21.81% 87.19% 15,742 24,849 324 846 41,761
VerchèresPQPQ16,308 57.77% 8,131 28.81% 83.11% 16,308 8,177 3,356 386 28,227
VerdunLibLib18,392 54.57% 6,429 19.07% 81.89% 11,963[14] 18,392 2,327 368 167 489 33,706
ViauLibLib17,946 63.19% 9,483 33.39% 79.73% 8,463 17,946 1,482 291 218 28,400
VigerLibLib18,743 64.27% 10,214 35.02% 84.12% 8,529 18,743 1,485 223 185 29,165
VimontLibPQ18,985 44.88% 128 0.30% 86.44% 18,985 18,857 2,783 1,142 279 257 42,303
Westmount-Saint-LouisNewLib26,478 79.20% 22,100 66.10% 77.87% 4,378 26,478 741 239 100 24 1,473 33,433

= open seat

= turnout is above provincial average

= winning candidate was in previous Legislature

= incumbent had switched allegiance

= previously incumbent in another riding

= not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature

= incumbency arose from byelection gain

= other incumbents renominated

= previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada

= multiple candidates

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place
Party in 1st place Party in 2nd place Total
PQ Lib Ind
76 1 77
46 1 47
1 1
Total47 76 2 125
Candidates ranked 1st to 5th place, by party
Parties 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
77 47 1
47 76 2
1 76 2
2 9 14 8
10 42 6
8 22 9
5 8 4
4 4 1
3 4 2
1 1 4
7 4
2 1
1 6
6
5
1
1
Source !!colspan="6"
Party
align="center" PQ align="center" Lib align="center" ADQTotal
Seats retained Incumbents returned 24 27 51
Open seats held4 12 16
Seats changing hands Incumbents defeated18 3 21
Open seats gained24 1 25
Byelection gains held5 1 6
New seats New MNAs2 2
Previously incumbent in another riding4 4
Total77 47 1 125

See also

External links

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. News: Quebec votes 2003 - Riding Profiles: Saint-Jean. CBC News.
  2. Web site: Historique des circonscriptions du Québec. . French. History of Quebec's electoral districts. electionsquebec.qc.ca. December 26, 2023.
  3. drawn from parts of Labelle, Prévost and Rousseau
  4. drawn from parts of Groulx and Terrebonne
  5. drawn from parts of Verchères and Iberville
  6. Web site: Élections québécoises de 1994. Drouilly. Pierre. December 4, 2017. donneesquebec.ca . Atlas des élections au Québec .
  7. Results of Unity Party included in 1989 for comparative purposes.
  8. Web site: Les membres de l'Assemblée nationale par circonscription. French. National Assembly members by riding. . National Assembly of Quebec. September 13, 2023.
  9. including spoilt ballots
  10. The incumbent Neil Cameron (Equality Party) received 2,415 votes
  11. [André Arthur]
  12. The incumbent Gordon Atkinson (formerly of the Equality Party) received 1,628 votes
  13. Results for byelection held on October 24, 1994. Initial vote ended in a tie, which was declared void.
  14. [Richard Holden (Canadian politician)|Richard Holden]