| Election Name: | 1988 United States Senate election in Mississippi |
| Country: | Mississippi |
| Flag Image: | Flag of Mississippi (1894-1996).svg |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1982 United States Senate election in Mississippi |
| Previous Year: | 1982 |
| Election Date: | November 8, 1988 |
| Next Election: | 1994 United States Senate election in Mississippi |
| Next Year: | 1994 |
| Image1: | Trent Lott 98th Congress.png |
| Nominee1: | Trent Lott |
| Party1: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 510,380 |
| Percentage1: | 53.91% |
| Map Size: | 250px |
| U.S. Senator | |
| Before Election: | John C. Stennis |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Trent Lott |
| After Party: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Nominee2: | Wayne Dowdy |
| Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 436,339 |
| Percentage2: | 46.09% |
The 1988 United States Senate election in Mississippi was held on November 8, 1988. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator John C. Stennis decided to retire instead of seeking a seventh full term. Republican Trent Lott won the open seat, becoming the first of his party to win this seat since 1874.
This was the first time since the end of Reconstruction in 1877 that Mississippi had two Republican senators serving concurrently.
Dean Pittman managed Dowdy's campaign.
During the campaign Molpus criticized Dowdy for his low voting attendance of 68 percent, a line of rhetoric which was later used by Republican nominee Trent Lott in the general election.
During Lott's tenure in the U.S. House of Representatives he opposed the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act, Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, and the creation of Martin Luther King Jr. Day while Dowdy supported those bills. Robert Goodman, who Bill Minor named Dr. Feelgood for being able to portray candidates positively, was hired by Lott's campaign to create advertisements in anticipation to attacks on his voting record by Dowdy. Lott voted in favor of cutting Social Security spending while Dowdy voted against, but Lott argued that he was more likely to support Social Security as his mother lived off of it while Dowdy's family was worth $60 million.
Blacks for Trent Lott was formed by Isadora Hyde and Cleve McDowell, a former field director for the NAACP in the Delta region, worked for Lott's campaign. Dowdy's campaign criticized Lott for only having hired two black people out of the 163 people he had hired since 1972. Lott claimed that he hired many black workers, but "I don't keep count" and later claimed he hired five or six black workers.
Country musician Mel Tillis made radio ads for him targeted at rural areas in northern Mississippi. Dowdy received 87% of the black vote.