1986 Spanish NATO membership referendum explained

1986 Spanish NATO membership referendum
The Government considers it convenient, for national interests, for Spain to remain in the Atlantic Alliance, and agrees that such permanence be established in the following terms: (1) Non-incorporation into NATO's military structure; (2) Prohibition on the installation, storage or entry of nuclear weapons on Spanish territory; (3) Gradual reduction of the United States' military presence in Spain. In your view, should Spain continue to be a member of the Atlantic Alliance subject to the terms agreed by the national Government?
Date:12 March 1986
Yes:9054509
No:6872421
Total:17246452
Electorate:29024494
Map:SpainProvinceMapR1986.png
Mapdivision:provinces

A referendum on the Spanish NATO membership was held in Spain on Wednesday, 12 March 1986. Voters were asked whether they ratified the national Government's proposal for the country remaining a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which it had joined in 1982.[1] [2]

The question asked was "The Government considers it convenient, for national interests, for Spain to remain in the Atlantic Alliance, and agrees that such permanence be established in the following terms: (1) Non-incorporation into NATO's military structure; (2) Prohibition on the installation, storage or entry of nuclear weapons on Spanish territory; (3) Gradual reduction of the United States' military presence in Spain. Question: In your view, should Spain continue to be a member of the Atlantic Alliance subject to the terms agreed by the national Government?" (Spanish; Castilian: El Gobierno considera conveniente, para los intereses nacionales, que España permanezca en la Alianza Atlántica, y acuerda que dicha permanencia se establezca en los siguientes términos: 1.º La participación de España en la Alianza Atlántica no incluirá su incorporación a la estructura militar integrada. 2.º Se mantendrá la prohibición de instalar, almacenar o introducir armas nucleares en territorio español. 3.º Se procederá a la reducción progresiva de la presencia militar de los Estados Unidos en España. ¿Considera conveniente para España permanecer en la Alianza Atlántica en los términos acordados por el Gobierno de la Nación?).[3]

The referendum resulted in 56.9% of valid votes in favour of remaining within NATO on a turnout of 59.4%.[4] [5]

Opinion polls

The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading choice's colour. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the "Remain" and "Leave" choices in a given poll.

Results

Results by region

RegionElectorateTurnoutYesNo
Votes%Votes%
Andalusia4,810,22161.551,868,62367.38904,63532.62
Aragon952,36160.17318,64061.72197,60838.28
Asturias907,59956.36273,07457.28203,62242.72
Balearic Islands524,71052.03151,88161.1196,66338.89
Basque Country1,644,10865.41336,51832.45700,53967.55
Canary Islands1,003,38555.39242,01546.31280,63953.69
Cantabria402,33959.64140,25163.9679,03136.04
Castile and León2,071,40956.44627,63361.54392,25138.46
Castilla–La Mancha1,283,56358.30451,72968.42208,48431.58
Catalonia4,614,73162.801,263,41646.281,466,63953.72
Extremadura823,28161.96305,21965.79158,72334.21
Galicia2,220,68638.51465,10359.10321,80940.90
La Rioja202,52359.9769,40563.9239,17436.08
Madrid3,591,04460.911,135,63656.77864,70043.23
Murcia723,28761.39254,57262.08155,46937.92
Navarre396,84162.6499,81543.28130,82856.72
Valencian Community2,776,35466.331,027,64860.73664,46539.27
Total29,024,49459.429,054,50956.856,872,42143.15
Sources

References

Opinion poll sources
Other

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. [Dieter Nohlen|Nohlen, D]
  2. Vallès . Josep M. . Pallarés . Francesc . Canals . Ramon María . 1986 . The referendum of 12 March 1986 on Spain's remaining in NATO . Electoral Studies . en . 5 . 3 . 305–311 . 10.1016/0261-3794(86)90019-3 . 0261-3794.
  3. Rodrigo Luelmo . Francisco José . 8 July 2016 . The accession of Spain to NATO . CVCE.eu by University of Luxembourg . 1 September 2019.
  4. Web site: Spain, 12 March 1986: Permanence within NATO . de . sudd.ch . Direct Democracy . 1 September 2019.
  5. Web site: Referéndum consultivo en relación con la Alianza Atlántica . es . congreso.es . Congress of Deputies . 1 September 2019.
  6. Web site: Referéndum Alianza Atlántica (Estudio nº 1.521. Marzo 1986) . es . CIS . 11 March 1986.
  7. Web site: Referéndum Alianza Atlántica. Marzo - 86 (Estudio nº 1.520) . es . CIS . 7 March 1986.
  8. Web site: Estudio ECO 1.519 (Marzo 1986) . es . CIS . 4 March 1986.
  9. Web site: Se mantiene estable la mayoría favorable al 'no' . es . El País . 6 March 1986.
  10. Web site: Ficha técnica . es . El País . 6 March 1986.
  11. Web site: Apretado margen para una decisión histórica . es . La Vanguardia . 6 March 1986.
  12. Web site: Referéndum OTAN (Estudio nº 1.514. 27 de Febrero de 1986) . es . CIS . 27 February 1986.
  13. Web site: Disminuye la diferencia entre el 'sí' y el 'no' a la permanencia en la OTAN . es . El País . 23 February 1986.
  14. Web site: Ficha técnica del sondeo . es . El País . 23 February 1986.
  15. Web site: Estudio 1.511 (Febrero de 1986) . es . CIS . 23 February 1986.
  16. Web site: El CIS prevé un 27 % de síes y un 31 % de noes en el referéndum OTAN . es . La Vanguardia . 23 February 1986.
  17. Web site: Estudio nº 1.510 (Febrero 1986) . es . CIS . 15 February 1986.
  18. Web site: Referéndum Alianza Atlántica (Estudio nº 1.509) . es . CIS . 10 February 1986.
  19. Web site: Post-debate parlamentario. Febrero '86 (Febrero 1986) . es . CIS . 10 February 1986.
  20. Web site: Serias probabilidades de que el Gobierno pierda el referéndum . es . El País . 9 February 1986.
  21. Web site: Ficha técnica del sondeo . es . El País . 9 February 1986.
  22. Web site: Estudio sobre la OTAN (Enero 1986. Estudio 1502) . es . CIS . 25 January 1986.
  23. Web site: "Barómetro enero 1986". Estudio C.I.S. nº 1.501 (Enero 1986) . es . CIS . 1 January 1986.
  24. Web site: Estudio sobre la OTAN (Diciembre 85. Estudio 1498) . es . CIS . 16 December 1985.
  25. Web site: Barómetro. Estudio C.I.S. nº 1.478 (Octubre 1985) . es . CIS . 1 October 1985.
  26. Web site: Barómetro. Estudio C.I.S. nº 1471 (Julio 1985) . es . CIS . 20 July 1985.
  27. Web site: Cuestiones de política exterior. Estudio C.I.S. 1463 (Junio 1985) . es . CIS . 11 June 1985.
  28. Web site: Banco de Datos del CIS . es . CIS . 21 June 2018.
  29. Web site: Barómetro septiembre 1984 (Estudio nº 1.428. Septiembre 1984) . es . CIS . 1 September 1984.
  30. Web site: Estudio 1.411 . es . CIS . 28 April 1984.
  31. Web site: Política exterior (II) (Estudio nº 1.381. Enero 1984) . es . CIS . 1 January 1984.
  32. Web site: Estudio 1.371 . es . CIS . 13 November 1983.
  33. Web site: Barómetro de marzo (Estudio nº 1.344. Marzo 1983) . es . CIS . 1 March 1983.
  34. Web site: Estudio nº 1.285. Barómetro de Opinión Pública (Septiembre, 1981) . es . CIS . 11 September 1981.

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