| Election Name: | 1986 Bavarian state election |
| Country: | Bavaria |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1982 Bavarian state election |
| Previous Year: | 1982 |
| Next Election: | 1990 Bavarian state election |
| Next Year: | 1990 |
| Seats For Election: | All 204 seats in the Landtag of Bavaria |
| Majority Seats: | 103 |
| Election Date: | 12 October 1986 |
| Turnout: | 11,354,241 (70.1%) 7.9% |
| Leader1: | Franz Strauss |
| Party1: | Christian Social Union in Bavaria |
| Last Election1: | 133 seats, 58.3% |
| Seats1: | 128 |
| Popular Vote1: | 6,333,734 |
| Seat Change1: | 5 |
| Percentage1: | 55.8% |
| Swing1: | 2.5% |
| Leader2: | Karl-Heinz Hiersemann |
| Party2: | Social Democratic Party of Germany |
| Last Election2: | 71 seats, 31.9% |
| Seats2: | 61 |
| Popular Vote2: | 3,119,124 |
| Seat Change2: | 10 |
| Percentage2: | 27.5% |
| Swing2: | 4.4% |
| Party4: | Alliance 90/The Greens |
| Last Election4: | 0 seats, 4.6% |
| Seats4: | 15 |
| Popular Vote4: | 854,353 |
| Seat Change4: | 15 |
| Percentage4: | 7.5% |
| Swing4: | 2.9% |
| Map Size: | 300px |
| Minister-President | |
| Before Election: | Franz Strauss |
| Before Party: | Christian Social Union of Bavaria |
| After Election: | Franz Strauss |
| After Party: | Christian Social Union of Bavaria |
The 1986 Bavarian State Election was held on 12 October 1986 to elect members of the 11th Landtag of Bavaria. The Christian Social Union (CSU) led by Minister-President Franz Strauss retained its majority. The SPD fell below 30% of the vote for the first time since the 1954 state elections, while for the first time the Bavarian Greens won seats in the Landtag.
The table below lists parties represented in the 10th Landtag of Bavaria.
| Name | Ideology | Leader(s) | 1982 result | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes (%) | Seats | |||||||
| bgcolor= | CSU | Christian Social Union in Bavaria | Christian democracy | Franz Strauss | 58.3% | |||
| bgcolor= | SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | Social democracy | Karl-Heinz Heirsemann | 31.4% | |||
|-! colspan="2" | Party! Votes! %! +/-! Seats ! +/-! Seats %|-| bgcolor=| | align=left | Christian Social Union (CSU)| align=right| 6,333,734| align=right| 55.8| align=right| 2.5| align=right| 128| align=right| 5| align=right| 62.7|-| bgcolor=| | align=left | Social Democratic Party (SPD)| align=right| 3,119,124| align=right| 27.5| align=right| 4.4| align=right| 61| align=right| 10| align=right| 28.4|-| bgcolor=| | align=left | The Greens (Grüne)| align=right| 854,353| align=right| 7.5| align=right| 2.9| align=right| 15| align=right| 15| align=right| 7.4|-! colspan=8||-| bgcolor=| | align=left | Free Democratic Party (FDP)| align=right| 428,790| align=right| 3.8| align=right| .3| align=right| 0| align=right| ±0| align=right| 0|-|-| bgcolor=| | align=left | The Republicans (REP)| align=right| 342,995| align=right| 3.0| align=right| 3.0| align=right| 0| align=right| ±0| align=right| 0|-| | align=left | Others| align=right| 275,245| align=right| 2.4| align=right| | align=right| 0| align=right| ±0| align=right| 0|-! align=right colspan=2| Total! align=right| 11,354,241! align=right| 100.0! align=right| ! align=right| 204! align=right| ±0! align=right| |-! align=right colspan=2| Voter turnout! align=right| ! align=right| 70.1! align=right| 7.9! align=right| ! align=right| ! align=right| |-|colspan=8 align=left|Source: Statistik Bayern and Historisches Lexikon Bayerns |}