1985–86 South Pacific cyclone season explained

Basin:SPac
Year:1985
Track:1985-1986 South Pacific cyclone season summary.jpg
First Storm Formed:February 5, 1986
Last Storm Dissipated:May 22, 1986
Strongest Storm Name:Ima
Strongest Storm Pressure:940
Strongest Storm Winds:90
Average Wind Speed:10
Total Depressions:7
Total Hurricanes:7
Total Intense:3
Fatalities:103
Damagespre:>
Damages:100
Five Seasons:1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88
South Indian Season:1985–86 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
South Pacific Season:1985–86 Australian region cyclone season

The 1985–86 South Pacific cyclone season was an average tropical cyclone season, in terms of tropical cyclone formation, with ten tropical cyclones occurring within the basin between 160°E and 120°W. The season ran from February 5, 1985, to May 22, 1986, with tropical cyclones officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS), Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) and New Zealand's MetService. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and NOAA also monitored the basin during the season. During the season there was nine tropical cyclones occurring within the basin, including three that moved into the basin from the Australian region.__TOC__

Seasonal summary

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During November and December no significant tropical cyclones developed in or moved into the basin in the region,

Systems

Severe Tropical Cyclone Ima

Basin:SPac
Track:Ima 1986 track.png
Formed:February 5
Dissipated:February 16
Pressure:940
10-Min Winds:90
1-Min Winds:75

Severe Tropical Cyclone Ima existed from February 5 to February 16.

Ima affected French Polynesia's Austral, Society and Tubuai Islands, from February 9–14 and caused extensive damage to Rimatara.

Tropical Cyclone June

Basin:SPac
Track:June 1986 track.png
Formed:February 5
Dissipated:February 10
Pressure:980
10-Min Winds:55
1-Min Winds:55

On February 5, TCWC Nadi (a.k.a. Fiji Meteorological Service) reported that a tropical depression had developed early on February 10. About 24 hours later, the system intensified into a Category 1 cyclone on the Australian intensity scale. Around that same time, the Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center followed suit by upgrading the system into a tropical storm. Gradually intensifying, Nadi estimated that June had peaked in intensity with winds of 65abbr=onNaNabbr=on late on February 7. Meanwhile, the JTWC reported that Tropical Cyclone June had also peaked in intensity.[1] By February 9, June had weakened into a tropical depression. June was no longer a tropical cyclone by the morning.

Tropical Cyclone Keli

Basin:SPac
Track:Keli 1986 track.png
Formed:February 8
Dissipated:February 14
Pressure:987
10-Min Winds:45
1-Min Winds:45

Tropical Cyclone Keli existed from February 8 to February 14.

Tropical Cyclone Lusi

Basin:SPac
Track:Lusi 1986 track.png
Formed:March 2
Dissipated:March 10
Pressure:990
10-Min Winds:40
1-Min Winds:45

According to the Vanuatu Meteorological Service, there was no significant damage reported within Vanuatu.

Tropical Cyclone Alfred

Basin:SPac
Track:Alfred 1986 track.png
Formed:March 7
Dissipated:March 11
Pressure:990
10-Min Winds:40
1-Min Winds:45

Tropical Cyclone Alfred existed from March 7 to March 11.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Martin

Basin:SPac
Track:Martin 1986 track.png
Formed:April 10
Dissipated:April 15
Pressure:970
10-Min Winds:65
1-Min Winds:75

Severe Tropical Cyclone Martin from April 10 to April 15.

Severe Tropical Cyclone Namu

Basin:SPac
Track:Namu 1986 track.png
Formed:May 15 (entered basin)
Dissipated:May 22
Pressure:955
10-Min Winds:80
1-Min Winds:65

See main article: Cyclone Namu. On May 15, TCWC Nadi started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed within the monsoon trough, in association with Typhoon Lola about 90round=5NaNround=5 to the north of the Solomon Island: Malaita.[2] [3] Over the next two days the system moved towards the southeast before it recurved, and started to move towards the southwest during May 17 as it started to show signs that it was developing further.[2] After the system had acquired the characteristics of a tropical cyclone and become equivalent to a tropical storm, the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center started to issue warnings on the system and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 33P.[4]

Later that day, TCWC Nadi named the depression Namu, after it had become equivalent to a modern-day category-two tropical cyclone on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale with ten-minute sustained windspeeds of 155abbr=onNaNabbr=on.[2] [5]

Cyclone Namu was responsible for the deaths of 103 people and caused US$100 million in economic losses in the Solomon Islands.[6] It was considered the worst tropical cyclone to impact the area in five years.[7] The storm was estimated to have caused a maximum wave height of 1.5m (04.9feet).[8] Much of the damage caused by Namu was due to phenomenal flooding, and was widespread across the island chain. At Honiara International Airport, 340mm of rain was measured over a three-day period. Increased river flow caused by the depositing of saturated material in rivers was the cause for much of the flood damage that occurred. Of all the islands, Malaita was the worst affected by the cyclone. On the island of Guadalcanal, a single mudslide was responsible for killing 38 villagers.[9] Attaining a clean water supply was an issue on Guadalcanal, and 22% of homes on the island were either damaged or destroyed.[10]

As a result of the havoc caused by the cyclone, approximately 90,000 people, equal to a third of the country's population, were reported as homeless. The government of the Solomon Islands declared a national state of emergency for the entirety of the island chain.[11] The United Kingdom, Papua New Guinea, the United States, and Japan also sent supplies and goods to the Solomon Islands.

Season effects

This table lists all the storms that developed in the South Pacific basin during the 1985–86 season. It includes their intensity on the Australian Tropical cyclone intensity scale, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, and damages. For most storms the data is taken from TCWC Nadi's and or TCWC Wellington's archives, however data for 03P has been taken from the JTWC/NPMOC archives as opposed to TCWC Nadi's or TCWC Wellington's, and thus the winds are over 1-minute as opposed to 10-minutes.

|-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#|90kn || bgcolor=#| || Cook Islands || || |||-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#|55kn || bgcolor=#| || || || |||-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#|45kn || bgcolor=#| || || None || None |||-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Vanuatu || None || None |||-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Vanuatu || None || None |||-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || || None || |||-| || || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || bgcolor=#| || Solomon Islands || || |||-

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center. Tropical Cyclone 14P Best Track. United States Navy, United States Air Force. October 27, 2012.
  2. Book: Radford, Deirdre A. Blong, Russell J. The Australian International Development Assistance Bureau. Natural Disasters in the Solomon Islands. 2. 1 and 2. 1992. March 27, 2013. April 22, 2012. live. 114–122. https://web.archive.org/web/20120422154755/http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/SLB_Nat_Disasters_v1_1992_s.pdf.
  3. Darwin Tropical Diagnostic Statement . March 4, 2016 . 1986 . May 1986 . Australian Bureau of Meteorology . 1321-4233 . live . Darwin Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre . March 30, 2013 . 5 . 5 . 3 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051807/http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/ntregion/statements/tropical/dtds-198605.pdf .
  4. Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1986 . 4. Summary of South Pacific and South Indian Tropical Cyclones . Joint Typhoon Warning Center . United States Navy, United States Airforce . Naval Western Oceanography Center . September 15, 2012 . live . March 25, 2013 . 183–190 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120915165323/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1992atcr.pdf . 1993 .
  5. live . Australian Bureau of Meteorology . Tropical Cyclone Namu . 2010 . March 30, 2013 . Individual Tropical Cyclone Reports . https://web.archive.org/web/20110319191306/http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/history/namu.shtml . March 19, 2011 .
  6. Web site: Solomon Islands Country Environmental Analysis. Asian Development Bank. 17 August 2012. Berdach, James T.. Llegu, Michelle. 40. December 2007.
  7. Web site: Flood and landslide hazard mapping, Solomon Islands. International Association of Hydrological Sciences. 14 August 2012. Trustrum, N.A.. Whitehouse, I.E.. Blaschke, P.M.. Stephens, P.R..
  8. Web site: Geological Impacts of Cyclone Namu on the Coastal Plain of Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands - June 1986. Secretariat of the Pacific Community's Applied Geoscience and Technology Division. 15 August 2012. Roy, Peter. June 1986. https://web.archive.org/web/20131217221358/http://ict.sopac.org/VirLib/PR0022.pdf. 2013-12-17. dead.
  9. News: Slide ravages Guadalcanal village. 15 August 2012. They Daily Courier. 22 May 1986. United Press International. Port Moresby. 3A.
  10. Web site: Natural Disasters in the Solomon Islands . The Australian International Development Assistance Bureau . 17 August 2012 . Radford, D.A. . Sydney, Australia . 114–122 . 1992 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120422154755/http://www.pacificdisaster.net/pdnadmin/data/original/SLB_Nat_Disasters_v1_1992_s.pdf . 22 April 2012 .
  11. Web site: IMF Emergency Assistance Related to Natural Disasters and Postconflict Situations. ReliefWeb. 17 August 2012. International Monetary Fund. International Monetary Fund. 5 September 1999.