| Tourney Name: | IIHF World U20 Championship |
| Year: | 1983 |
| Country: | Soviet Union |
| Size: | 160px |
| Dates: | December 26, 1982 – January 4, 1983 |
| Num Teams: | 8 |
| Venues: | 1 |
| Cities: | 1 |
| Type: | ihj |
| Winners: | URS |
| Count: | 5 |
| Second: | TCH |
| Third: | CAN |
| Fourth: | SWE |
| Games: | 28 |
| Goals: | 257 |
| Points: | 20 |
| Nextseason: | 1984 |
The 1983 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships (1983 WJHC) was the seventh edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was held in Leningrad, Soviet Union between December 26, 1982, and January 4, 1983. The host Soviet team won the tournament with a perfect 7–0 record.
The tournament was a round-robin format, with the top three teams winning gold, silver and bronze medals respectively.
was relegated to Pool B for the 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
| width=30 | Rank | width=150 | Player | Country | width=20 | width=20 | width=30 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12 | 8 | 20 | |||||||
| 2 | 11 | 3 | 14 | |||||||
| 3 | 9 | 3 | 12 | |||||||
| 4 | 6 | 6 | 12 | |||||||
| 5 | 6 | 5 | 11 | |||||||
| 6 | 8 | 2 | 10 | |||||||
| 7 | 7 | 3 | 10 | |||||||
| 8 | 5 | 5 | 10 | |||||||
| 9 | 4 | 6 | 10 | |||||||
| 10 | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| Media All-Star Team | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Goaltender |  Matti Rautianen | ||
| Defencemen | Ilya Byakin Simo Saarinen | ||
| Forwards | Vladimír Růžička Tomas SandströmHerman Volgin |
The second tier was contested from March 14 to 20, in Anglet, France. Eight teams were divided into two round robin groups where the top two, and bottom two, graduated to meet their respective opponents in a final round robin. Results between competitors who migrated together were carried forward.
Results from any games played during the preliminary round were carried forward to the relegation round. was relegated to Pool C for the 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
Results from any games played during the preliminary round were carried forward to the promotion round. was promoted to Pool A for the 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.
| width=30 | Rank | width=150 | Player | Country | width=20 | width=20 | width=30 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | 4 | 11 | |||||||
| 2 | 5 | 5 | 10 | |||||||
| 3 | 8 | 1 | 9 |
A double round robin (each team played each other twice) was played in Bucharest, Romania from March 3 to 9. This was the first year of a 'C' pool, and it marked the debut of junior teams from Romania, Bulgaria, and Australia. was promoted to Pool B for the 1984 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.