| Competition: | Yugoslav Second League |
| Season: | 1983–84 |
| Winners: | Iskra (West Division) Sutjeska (East Division) |
| Promoted: | Iskra Sutjeska |
| Relegated: | Varteks Sloga Doboj AIK Bačka Topola NK Zagreb Slovan Teteks Timok GIK Ramiz Sadiku |
| Prevseason: | 1982–83 |
| Nextseason: | 1984–85 |
The 1983–84 Yugoslav Second League season was the 38th season of the Second Federal League (sh|Druga savezna liga), the second level association football competition of SFR Yugoslavia, since its establishment in 1946. The league was contested in two regional groups (West Division and East Division), with 18 clubs each.
A total of eighteen teams contested the league, including fourteen sides from the 1982–83 season and four sides promoted from the Inter-Republic Leagues played in the 1982–83 season. The league was contested in a double round robin format, with each club playing every other club twice, for a total of 34 rounds. Two points were awarded for wins and one point for draws.
There were no teams relegated from the 1982–83 Yugoslav First League and four clubs promoted to the second level were Sloga Doboj, Slovan Ljubljana, Šibenik and Vrbas.
| Team | Location | Federal subject | Position in 1982–83 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIK Bačka Topola | Bačka Topola | SAP Vojvodina | 14th | |
| Borac Banja Luka | Banja Luka | 11th | ||
| GOŠK-Jug | Dubrovnik | 6th | ||
| Iskra | Bugojno | 5th | ||
| Jedinstvo Bihać | Bihać | 2nd | ||
| Jedinstvo Brčko | Brčko | 3rd | ||
| Kikinda | Kikinda | SAP Vojvodina | 8th | |
| Leotar | Trebinje | 5th | ||
| Novi Sad | Novi Sad | SAP Vojvodina | 9th | |
| Proleter Zrenjanin | Zrenjanin | SAP Vojvodina | 7th | |
| Radnik Bijeljina | Bijeljina | 15th | ||
| Sloga Doboj | Doboj | |||
| Slovan | Ljubljana | |||
| Spartak Subotica | Subotica | SAP Vojvodina | 4th | |
| Šibenik | Šibenik | |||
| Varteks | Varaždin | 10th | ||
| Vrbas | Titov Vrbas | SAP Vojvodina | ||
| NK Zagreb | Zagreb | 12th |
A total of eighteen teams contested the league, including twelve sides from the 1982–83 season, two clubs relegated from the 1982–83 Yugoslav First League and four sides promoted from the Inter-Republic Leagues played in the 1982–83 season. The league was contested in a double round robin format, with each club playing every other club twice, for a total of 34 rounds. Two points were awarded for wins and one point for draws.
Galenika Zemun and OFK Belgrade were relegated from the 1982–83 Yugoslav First League after finishing at the bottom two places of the league table. The four clubs promoted to the second level were Belasica Strumica, GIK Ramiz Sadiku, Ivangrad and Kolubara Lazarevac.
| Team | Location | Federal subject | Position in 1982–83 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belasica | Strumica | |||
| OFK Belgrade | Belgrade | |||
| Bor | Bor | 4th | ||
| Borac Čačak | Čačak | 9th | ||
| Galenika Zemun | Zemun | |||
| GIK Ramiz Sadiku | Pristina | SAP Kosovo | ||
| Ivangrad | Ivangrad | |||
| Kolubara | Lazarevac | |||
| Napredak Kruševac | Kruševac | 8th | ||
| Pelister | Bitola | 5th | ||
| Rad | Belgrade | 7th | ||
| Radnički Pirot | Pirot | 12th | ||
| Sloboda Titovo Užice | Titovo Užice | 11th | ||
| Sutjeska | Nikšić | 2nd | ||
| Teteks | Tetovo | 3rd | ||
| Timok | Zaječar | 10th | ||
| Trepča | Kosovska Mitrovica | SAP Kosovo | 6th | |
| Vlaznimi Đakovica | Đakovica | SAP Kosovo | 13th |