1982 in film explained
The following is an overview of events in 1982 in film, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies and festivals, a list of films released and notable deaths.
Highest-grossing films
North America
See also: List of 1982 box office number-one films in the United States.
The top ten 1982 released films by box office gross in North America are as follows:
Highest-grossing films of 1982[1] | Rank | Title | Distributor | Box-office gross |
|---|
| 1 | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | | $359,197,037 |
|---|
| 2 | Tootsie | Columbia | $177,200,000 |
|---|
| 3 | An Officer and a Gentleman | Paramount | $129,795,554 |
|---|
| 4 | First Blood | Orion | $125,212,904 |
|---|
| 5 | Rocky III | United Artists | $124,146,897 |
|---|
| 6 | Porky's | 20th Century Fox | $105,492,483 |
|---|
| 7 | | Paramount | $78,912,963 |
|---|
| 8 | 48 Hrs. | $78,868,508 |
|---|
| 9 | Poltergeist | MGM | $76,606,280 |
|---|
| 10 | The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas | Universal | $69,701,637 | |
|---|
Outside North America
The highest-grossing 1982 films in countries outside of North America.
| International market | Title | Director | Production country | Gross | |
|---|
| China | Shaolin Temple | Chang Hsin Yen | China / Hong Kong | | [2] |
| France | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | Steven Spielberg | United States | 7,881,332 admissions | [3] |
| West Germany | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | Steven Spielberg | United States | 7,666,017 admissions | [4] |
| India | Vidhaata | Subhash Ghai | India | | [5] |
| Italy | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | Steven Spielberg | United States | 10,298,000 admissions | [6] |
| Japan | The Gods Must Be Crazy | Jamie Uys | South Africa | (rentals) | [7] |
| South Korea | Dragon Lord | Jackie Chan | Hong Kong | | [8] [9] |
| Soviet Union | Sportloto-82 | Leonid Gaidai | Soviet Union | 13,800,000 Rbls ($19,500,000) | |
| Spain | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | Steven Spielberg | United States | 7,719,932 admissions | [10] |
| Taiwan | The Gods Must Be Crazy | Jamie Uys | South Africa | | [11] |
| United Kingdom | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | Steven Spielberg | United States | | [12] | |
Worldwide gross revenue
The following table lists known worldwide gross revenue figures for several high-grossing films that originally released in 1982. Note that this list is incomplete and is therefore not representative of the highest-grossing films worldwide in 1982.
| Title | Worldwide gross (US$) | Source(s) | Production country |
|---|
| E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | $792,910,554 | [13] | United States |
| Gandhi | $127,767,889 | [14] | India
United Kingdom |
| Rocky III | $124,146,897 | [15] | United States |
| Poltergeist | $121,706,019 | [16] |
| Shaolin Temple | $111,441,439 | | China
Hong Kong |
| Disco Dancer | | [17] [18] | India |
| $97,000,000 | [19] | United States | |
Events
- January 1 - Terry Semel becomes president of Warner Bros.
- March 5 - John Belushi dies after being injected with a mixture of heroin and cocaine at the Chateau Marmont hotel in Los Angeles, California.
- June 11
- E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is released; it became the highest-grossing film to date.
- Michelle Pfeiffer appears in her first leading role, in Grease 2, the sequel to the top-grossing film of 1978.
- June 22 – The Coca-Cola Company acquires Columbia Pictures for $750 million.
- July 9 — Sci-fi movie Tron is the first feature film to use computer animation extensively.
- July 23 — During production of , Vic Morrow and two child actors are accidentally killed during a helicopter scene, leading to reforms in filmmaking safety and child-labor laws.
- October 22 – First Blood is released to widespread commercial and critical success, launching the Rambo franchise.
- December 8 – Comedian Eddie Murphy makes his film debut in the hit 48 Hrs.
- December 17 – Tootsie is released, becoming the highest-grossing comedy to date and Columbia Pictures's highest-grossing film at $177 million.
- December 27 - Ned Tanen resigns as president of Universal Pictures. Robert Rehme becomes president of Universal's new Theatrical Motion Picture Group.
- The THX Sound System is developed for movie theaters.
Awards
Palme d'Or (Cannes Film Festival):
Missing, directed by Costa-Gavras, United States
Yol (The Way), directed by Yılmaz Güney, Turkey
Golden Lion (Venice Film Festival):
The State of Things (Der Stand der Dinge), directed by Wim Wenders, W. Germany / Portugal / US
Golden Bear (Berlin Film Festival):
Die Sehnsucht der Veronika Voss (Veronika Voss), directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder, W. Germany
1982 films
By country/region
By genre/medium
Births
- January 6
- January 7 – Lauren Cohan, British-American actress
- January 8 – Gaby Hoffmann, American actress
- January 10
- January 11
- January 16 – Birgitte Hjort Sørensen, Danish actress
- January 19
- January 24 – Daveed Diggs, American actor, rapper, singer, songwriter, screenwriter, and film producer.
- January 28 – Mirtel Pohla, Estonian actress
- February 1 - Daisy Betts, Australian actress
- February 3 – Bridget Regan, American actress
- February 5 – Yū Kobayashi, Japanese voice actress
- February 6 – Alice Eve, English actress
- February 7 – Cory Doran, Canadian voice actor and director
- February 8 – Danny Tamberelli, American actor
- February 10 – Yoshimasa Hosoya, Japanese voice actor
- February 11 – Natalie Dormer, English actress
- February 12 – Carter Hayden, Canadian actor and voice actor
- February 15 – Nesreen Tafesh, Syrian-Palestinian-Algerian actress and singer
- February 22
- February 23 – Adam Hann-Byrd, American actor and screenwriter
- February 24 – Fala Chen, Hong Kong actress
- March 1 – Kim Min-hee, South Korean actress
- March 2 – Pilou Asbæk, Danish actor
- March 3 – Jessica Biel, American actress
- March 7 – Nora Danish, Malaysian actress
- March 8 – Marjorie Estiano, Brazilian actress
- March 10 – Thomas Middleditch, Canadian actor, voice actor, comedian and screenwriter
- March 11
- March 12
- March 14 – Kate Maberly, English actress, director, writer, producer and musician
- March 15
- March 16 – Dian Sastrowardoyo, Indonesian actress
- March 18 – Adam Pally, American actor, comedian, writer and producer
- March 20
- March 21 - Santino Fontana, American actor and singer
- March 22 – Constance Wu, American actress
- March 23 - Nicolas Wright, Canadian actor and writer
- March 24 – Kenichirou Ohashi, Japanese voice actor
- March 25
- March 26 - Joe Anderson, English actor and singer
- March 28 - Flula Borg, German actor, musician, comedian, YouTube personality and DJ
- March 31
- April 1
- April 3
- April 4
- April 5 – Hayley Atwell, English-American actress
- April 6 – Miguel Ángel Silvestre, Spanish actor
- April 9 – Jay Baruchel, Canadian actor-comedian[21]
- April 10 – Chyler Leigh, American actress
- April 11 – Remy Ishak, Malaysian actor
- April 15
- Ester Dean, American singer and actress
- Seth Rogen, Canadian actor-comedian
- April 16 - Gina Carano, American actress
- April 19
- April 22
- April 24 – Kelly Clarkson, American singer, songwriter and actress
- April 25 – Josh Kelly, American actor
- April 26 – Cedric Sanders, American actor
- April 28 – Harry Shum Jr., Costa Rican-American actor, singer and dancer
- April 30
- May 1 – Jamie Dornan, Northern Irish actor
- May 3 – Rebecca Hall, English-American actress
- May 8 – Christina Cole, English actress
- May 11
- May 14
- May 20 – Donald Reignoux, French voice actor
- May 24 – Chaunté Wayans, American actress, comedian, writer and editor
- May 25 – Fryda Wolff, American voice actress
- May 28 – Alexa Davalos, American actress
- May 29 – Anita Briem, Icelandic actress
- May 31
- June 2 – Jewel Staite, Canadian actress
- June 4 – MC Jin, American rapper, actor and comedian of Chinese descent
- June 5 – Yoo In-na, South Korean actress
- June 7 - Amy Nuttall, English actress and singer
- June 8 – Josh Pence, American actor
- June 16
- June 17
- June 19 – Gabriella Wright, English actress
- June 21
- June 22 – Mati Diop, French-Senegalese actress and director
- June 24
- June 27
- June 29
- June 30 – Lizzy Caplan, American actress
- July 1
- July 6 - Misty Upham, Native American actress (d. 2014)
- July 8
- July 9 – Toby Kebbell, English actor
- July 13 - Aya Cash, American actress
- July 18 – Priyanka Chopra, Indian actress
- July 19
- July 23
- July 24
- July 25 – Brad Renfro, American actor (d. 2008)
- July 29 - Allison Mack, American actress
- July 30
- August 1 – Ai Tominaga, Japanese model and actress
- August 6 – Romola Garai, English actress
- August 7 – Abbie Cornish, Australian actress
- August 10 – Devon Aoki, American actress and model
- August 13 – Sebastian Stan, Romanian-American actor
- August 16
- August 19
- August 20
- August 21 – Akane Omae, Japanese voice actress
- August 25 – Benjamin Diskin, American voice actor
- August 26
- August 28 – LeAnn Rimes, American singer-songwriter and actress
- August 29 – Echo Kellum, American actor and comedian
- September 1 – Zoe Lister-Jones, American actress and filmmaker
- September 3 – Ayumi Fujimura, Japanese voice actress
- September 4
- September 7
- September 10 – Bret Iwan, American voice actor
- September 13
- J. G. Quintel, American animator, television writer and voice actor
- September 15 – Evan Goldberg, Canadian filmmaker and comedian
- September 19 – Columbus Short, American actor and dancer
- September 20
- September 22
- Katie Lowes, American actress
- Billie Piper, English singer and actress
- September 25 – Charlene Amoia, American actress
- September 27 – Anna Camp, American actress and singer
- September 28 – Ranbir Kapoor, Indian actor
- September 29 – Stephen "tWitch" Boss, American dancer, choreographer, and actor (d. 2022)
- September 30
- October 1 – Olga Fonda, Russian-American actress
- October 3 – Erik von Detten, former American actor
- October 10 – Dan Stevens, British actor
- October 13 – Jo Yoon-hee, South Korean actress and model
- October 15
- October 23 – Bradley Pierce, American actor
- October 27
- October 28 – Matt Smith, English actor
- October 29 – Chelan Simmons, Canadian actress and former professional model
- October 30 – Clémence Poésy, French actress and model[26]
- October 31 – Justin Chatwin, Canadian actor
- November 2 – Kyoko Fukada, Japanese actress and singer
- November 4 – Travis Van Winkle, American actor
- November 10 – Heather Matarazzo, American actress
- November 11 – Fayssal Bazzi, Australian actor
- November 12 – Anne Hathaway, American actress
- November 15 – Yaya DaCosta, American actress
- November 18
- November 21 – Ryan Carnes, American actor
- November 22 – Fiona Glascott, Irish actress
- November 24 – Joey Ansah, British actor, director and martial artist
- November 25 – Natalia Cordova-Buckley, Mexican-American actress
- November 28
- November 29
- November 30 – Elisha Cuthbert, Canadian actress
- December 1
- Riz Ahmed, British actor and rapper
- Jonny Cruz, American actor, scriptwriter, producer, filmmaker and musician
- December 3
- December 5 – Gabriel Luna, American actor and producer
- December 7
- December 8
- December 12 – Ai Kato, Japanese actress
- December 15
- December 16 – Justin Mentell, American actor (d. 2010)
- December 21 – Alexia Barlier, French actress
- December 24
- December 28 – Beau Garrett, American actress and model
- December 29 – Alison Brie, American actress
- December 30 – Kristin Kreuk, Canadian actress
Deaths
| Month | Date | Name | Age | Country | Profession | Notable films |
|---|
| January | 1 | | 43 | US | Actor | |
| 1 | | 70 | UK | Actress | |
| 4 | | 90 | US | Screenwriter | |
| 5 | | 64 | US | Actor | |
| 5 | | 58 | US | Actor | |
| 8 | | 69 | US | Actress | |
| 8 | | 73 | Switzerland | Actor | |
| 10 | | 55 | US | Actor | |
| 30 | | 91 | UK | Actor | |
| February | 5 | | 58 | US | Actress | |
| 11 | | 69 | US | Actress, Dancer | |
| 11 | | 76 | Japan | Actor | |
| 12 | | 79 | Canada | Actor | |
| 14 | | 70 | Spain | Actor | |
| 17 | | 80 | US | Actor | |
| 18 | | 59 | US | Actress | |
| 22 | | 74 | US | Sound Engineer | |
| 24 | | 71 | US | Actress | |
| March | 5 | | 33 | US | Actor | |
| 5 | | 57 | US | Costume Designer | |
| 5 | | 84 | Italy | Actor | |
| 6 | | 77 | Russia | Screenwriter | |
| 8 | | 79 | US | Costume Designer | |
| 19 | | 58 | UK | Actor | |
| 21 | | 57 | UK | Actor | |
| 22 | | 82 | UK | Actor | |
| 26 | | 67 | UK | Actor | |
| 27 | | 87 | US | Actress | |
| 29 | | 69 | US | Actor | |
| April | 1 | | 79 | US | Actor | |
| 3 | | 53 | US | Actor | |
| 7 | | 36 | US | Actress | |
| 12 | | 37 | US | Actor | |
| 15 | | 66 | UK | Actor | |
| 21 | | 75 | Canada | Actor | |
| 22 | | 65 | US | Screenwriter | |
| 25 | | 82 | US | Screenwriter | |
| 25 | | 81 | US | Actor | |
| 26 | | 73 | UK | Actress | |
| 27 | | 67 | US | Actor | |
| 27 | | 73 | US | Actor | |
| May | 1 | | 55 | US | Actress | |
| 2 | | 63 | Austria | Actor | |
| 2 | | 71 | US | Actor | |
| 2 | | 75 | US | Actress, Singer | |
| 14 | | 73 | US | Actor | |
| 16 | | 86 | US | Cinematographer | |
| 16 | | 52 | US | Actress | |
| 29 | | 43 | Germany | Actress | |
| June | 10 | | 37 | Germany | Screenwriter, Director, Actor | |
| 16 | | 81 | US | Costume Designer | |
| 18 | | 66 | Germany | Actor, Director | |
| 21 | | 70 | US | Film Editor | |
| 29 | | 69 | UK | Actor | |
| 29 | | 96 | US | Director, Producer | |
| July | 8 | | 73 | Italy | Actress | |
| 12 | | 67 | UK | Actor | |
| 16 | | 35 | France | Actor, Screenwriter, Director | |
| 18 | | 64 | US | Actor | |
| 19 | | 70 | UK | Actor | |
| 23 | | 53 | US | Actor | |
| 29 | | 62 | US | Actor | |
| August | 2 | | 93 | UK | Actress | |
| 7 | | 35 | US | Actress | |
| 10 | | 67 | US | Actor | |
| 10 | | 80 | Spain | Actor | |
| 11 | | 77 | Denmark | Film Editor | |
| 11 | | 64 | US | Actor | |
| 12 | | 77 | US | Actor | |
| 13 | | 68 | US | Actor | |
| 13 | | 70 | US | Director | |
| 14 | | 71-72 | India | Actor | |
| 14 | | 58 | Ireland | Actor | |
| 19 | | 74 | UK | Actor | |
| 20 | | 53 | Sweden | Actress | |
| 20 | | 82 | Russia | Director | |
| 22 | | 73 | UK | Actor | |
| 29 | | 67 | Sweden | Actress | |
| September | 2 | | 78 | US | Actor | |
| 5 | | 83 | US | Actor | |
| 13 | | 80 | US | Actor | |
| 14 | Grace Kelly[28] | 52 | US | Actress | |
| 15 | | 86 | US | Actor | |
| 24 | | 67 | UK | Actress | |
| 28 | | 81 | US | Actress | |
| 28 | Seth Banks | 66 | US | Costume Designer | |
| October | 3 | | 53 | UK | Actress | |
| 5 | | 68 | US | Art Director | |
| 8 | | 67 | Argentina | Actor, Director | |
| 12 | | 89 | Germany | Director | |
| 12 | | 52 | US | Screenwriter | |
| 26 | | 56 | Italy | Director, Screenwriter | |
| November | 1 | | 88 | US | Director, Producer, Screenwriter | |
| 1 | | 55 | US | Actor | |
| 4 | | 22 | US | Actress | Poltergeist |
| 4 | | 75 | France | Actor, Screenwriter, Director | |
| 7 | | 53 | Italy | Director, Screenwriter | |
| 17 | | 86 | US | Actress | |
| 18 | | 63 | US | Screenwriter | |
| 21 | | 80 | US | Actress | |
| 26 | | 73 | UK | Actor | |
| 26 | | 72 | US | Actor | |
| 27 | | 44 | US | Screenwriter, Director | |
| 30 | | 64 | US | Film Editor | |
| December | 2 | | 48 | UK | Actor, Director, Screenwriter | |
| 10 | | 94 | US | Composer | |
| 21 | | 83 | Ireland | Actress | |
| 22 | | 62 | US | Actor | |
| 29 | | 79 | US | Producer | | |
External links
Notes and References
- Web site: 1982 Domestic Grosses. Box Office Mojo. 7 April 2014. 3 August 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150803090749/https://boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/?yr=1982&p=.htm. live.
- News: 1982《少林寺》票价1毛，票房1.6亿，相当于现在的多少钱 . 9 June 2020 . . . 15 October 2019 . 9 June 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200609185920/https://new.qq.com/omn/20191015/20191015A0ATJP00.html . live .
- Web site: Charts – LES ENTREES EN FRANCE . JP's Box-Office . 1982 . 27 November 2018 . 12 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013605/http://www.jpbox-office.com/charts_france.php?filtre=datefr&variable=1982 . dead .
- Web site: Bilan Annuel Allemagne – 1982 . JP's Box-Office . 12 December 2018 . 15 December 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181215223938/http://www.jpbox-office.com/bilanall.php?year=1982 . dead .
- https://web.archive.org/web/20131005013955/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=188&catName=MTk4Mg== Box Office 1982
- Web site: Bilan Annuel Italie – 1982 . JP's Box-Office . 12 December 2018 . 15 December 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181215225054/http://www.jpbox-office.com/bilanitalie.php?year=1982 . dead .
- Web site: 1982年（1月～12月） . Eiren . Motion Picture Producers Association of Japan . 20 November 2018 . 7 May 2005 . https://web.archive.org/web/20050507233110/http://www.eiren.org/toukei/1982.html . live .
- Web site: 【ジャッキーチェン興行成績】 第10回：韓国での興行収入 . KungFu Tube . 5 September 2010 . 7 December 2018 . ja . 9 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120309044005/http://kungfutube.info/3156 . live .
- Book: Park, Seung Hyun . A Cultural Interpretation of Korean Cinema, 1988–1997 . 2000 . . 119 . Average Ticket Prices in Korea, 1974–1997 [...] * Source: Korea Cinema Yearbook (1997–1998) * Currency: won [...] Foreign [...] 1982 [...] 3,000 . 2018-12-13 . 2023-06-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230628144601/https://books.google.com/books?id=ilEeAQAAMAAJ . live .
- Web site: Bilan Annuel Espagne – 1982 . JP's Box-Office . 12 December 2018 . 15 December 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181215224424/http://www.jpbox-office.com/bilanespagne.php?year=1982 . dead .
- Web site: 1982 Taiwan Box Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20010219163200/http://cinema.nccu.edu.tw/box/3a/3a82.htm . dead . 19 February 2001 . . 19 February 2001 . 30 November 2018.
- Book: BFI Statistical Yearbook . 2013 . 2012 . . London . 22 & 32 . 8 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131228060414/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-statistical-yearbook-2013.pdf . 28 December 2013 . live . dmy-all .
- Web site: E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial . . February 5, 2009 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140124085025/https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=et.htm . January 24, 2014 . mdy-all .
- Web site: Gandhi (1982) – Box Office Data, DVD and Blu-ray Sales, Movie News, Cast and Crew Information . . 27 January 2015 . 7 April 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150407104900/http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Gandhi#tab=summary . live .
- Web site: Box Office Information for Rocky III . . January 8, 2022 . July 22, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210722043314/https://m.the-numbers.com/movie/Rocky-3#tab=international . live .
- Web site: Box Office Information for Poltergeist . . January 29, 2012 . February 11, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070211062452/https://the-numbers.com/movies/1982/0PGE1.php . live .
- News: On Independence Day, here are the most successful Indian movies of every decade since 1947 . . 15 August 2018 . 14 December 2018 . 8 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190508110633/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/on-independence-day-here-are-the-most-successful-indian-movies-of-every-decade-since-1947/story-EIf9tdhbWfO38hftOSwQIM.html . live .
- Web site: Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) . . 13 December 2018 . 15 December 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181215065829/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/PA.NUS.FCRF?end=1982&locations=IN&start=1981 . live .
- News: Harmetz, Aljean. June 8, 1982. 'Star Trek II' Sets Mark for Sales at Opening. The New York Times. C11.
- Book: ((Editors of Chase's)). Chase's Calendar of Events 2021: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. 27 October 2020. Rowman & Littlefield. 978-1-64143-424-9. 75. 25 May 2021. 28 June 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230628144601/https://books.google.com/books?id=CPcCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA75. live.
- Jay Baruchel. TVGuide.com. September 13, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150913141047/https://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/jay-baruchel/bio/156040/. dead.
- Book: ((Editors of Chase's)). Chase's Calendar of Events 2021: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. 27 October 2020. Rowman & Littlefield. 978-1-64143-424-9. 249. 25 May 2021. 28 June 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230628144602/https://books.google.com/books?id=CPcCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA249. live.
- Web site: The Birth of Justin Smollett. California Birth Index. September 10, 2020 . https://archive.today/20200910135647/https://www.californiabirthindex.org/birth/justin_smollett_born_1982_15599525 . live. September 10, 2020.
- Web site: Detikcom . Tim . Fedi Nuril Kisahkan Ditahan Tentara Israel dan Jelaskan Pelanggaran HAM . 2024-02-07 . detikhot . id-ID.
- Book: ((Editors of Chase's)). Chase's Calendar of Events 2019: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. 30 September 2018. Rowman & Littlefield. 978-1-64143-264-1. 382. 31 May 2021. 28 June 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230628144601/https://books.google.com/books?id=JVJtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA382. live.
- Book: ((Editors of Chase's)). Chase's Calendar of Events 2021: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. 27 October 2020. Rowman & Littlefield. 978-1-64143-424-9. 534–. 25 May 2021. 28 June 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230628144601/https://books.google.com/books?id=CPcCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA534. live.
- News: UPI Almanac for Friday, Dec. 15, 2017. United Press International. 15 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171215100516/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/2017/12/15/UPI-Almanac-for-Friday-Dec-15-2017/6431513306963/. live.
- Web site: Grace Kelly American actress and princess of Monaco . Encyclopedia Britannica . 12 March 2020 . en . 24 January 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220124150201/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Grace-Kelly . live .
