1981 ATP Challenger Series explained

1981 ATP Challenger Series
Duration:12 January 1981 – 13 December 1981
Edition:4th
Tournaments:47
Previous:1980
Next:1982

The ATP Challenger Series is the second-tier tour for professional tennis organised by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The 1981 ATP Challenger Series calendar comprises 46 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $25,000 up to $75,000.[1]

Schedule

January

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
January 5
January 12Perth Challenger
Perth, Australia
Grass – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
John Fitzgerald
6–2, 6–2
Maurice Hunter
John James
Brad Drewett
Brad Guan
Syd Ball
Cliff Letcher
3–6, 7–6, 8–6
Colin Dibley
John James
January 19
January 26

February

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
February 2
February 9
February 16
February 23Ogun Challenger
Ogun, Nigeria
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Craig Wittus
2–6, 6–3, 6–0
Robert Reininger
Romanus Chuks Nwazu
Filip Krajcik
Gianluca Rinaldini
Ian Harris
Craig Wittus
7–6, 7–6
Guy Fritz
Harry Fritz
Río de la Plata Challenger
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Eric Fromm
6–2, 6–1
Juan Núñez
Ramiro Benavides
Diego Pérez
Carlos Landó
Roberto Carruthers
Carlos Landó
0–6, 6–1, 6–3
Charles Strode
Morris Strode

March

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
March 2Lagos Open
Lagos, Nigeria
Hard – $50,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Larry Stefanki
5–7, 6–3, 6–0
Craig Wittus
Gilles Moretton
Marzio Miloro
Patrizio Parrini
Bruce Kleege
Larry Stefanki
6–2, 3–6, 6–3
Ian Harris
Craig Wittus
March 9Kaduna Challenger
Kaduna, Nigeria
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Gianluca Rinaldini
6–3, 6–4
Bruce Kleege
Patrizio Parrini
Frank Lapre
Marzio Miloro
Junie Chatman
Mark Vines
6–1, 6–2
Ian Harris
Craig Wittus
March 16
March 23
March 30Barcelona-1 Challenger
Barcelona, Spain
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Ulrich Pinner
6–3, 6–1
Mats Wilander
Joakim Nyström
Sergio Casal
Werner Zirngibl
Junie Chatman
Marko Ostoja
6–4, 7–5
Francisco González
Derek Segal

April

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
April 6Kyoto Challenger
Kyoto, Japan
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Ron Hightower
7–5, 7–6
Damir Keretić
Syd Ball
Mike Cahill
James Delaney
Matt Mitchell
Bill Maze
7–6, 6–3
Bruce Kleege
Dave Siegler
April 13Barcelona-2 Challenger
Barcelona, Spain
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Diego Pérez
6–4, 3–6, 6–2
Jairo Velasco Sr.
Trevor Allan
Patrick Proisy
Claudio Panatta
Tim Garcia
Bruce Nichols
6–4, 6–4
Gianni Marchetti
Enzo Vattuone
Curitiba Challenger
Curitiba, Brazil
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Carlos Kirmayr
6–1, 6–1
Ivan Kley
Alejandro Cerundolo
José Luis Damiani
Thomas Stålhandske
Carlos Kirmayr
Cássio Motta
7–6, 6–4
José Luis Damiani
Thomaz Koch
San Luis Potosí Challenger
San Luis Potosí, Mexico
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Rick Fagel
7–6, 6–1
Ian Harris
Octavio Martínez
Nial Brash
Egan Adams
Brad Drewett
George Hardie
5–7, 6–3, 7–6
Rich Andrews
Kevin Cook
April 20Tokyo Challenger
Tokyo, Japan
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
John Fitzgerald
6–2, 6–3
Bruce Kleege
Matt Doyle
James Delaney
Billy Martin
John Fitzgerald
Wayne Pascoe
6–1, 7–6
Cliff Letcher
Warren Maher
April 27Berlin Challenger
Berlin, East Germany
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Werner Zirngibl
6–3, 7–6
Pavel Huťka
Fernando Maynetto
Jérôme Potier
Ulrich Marten
Andreas Maurer
Wolfgang Popp
4–6, 6–3, 6–0
Tim Garcia
Fernando Maynetto
Nagoya Challenger
Nagoya, Japan
Hard – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Russell Simpson
6–3, 3–6, 6–3
Larry Davidson
Matt Doyle
Matt Mitchell
Warren Maher
Billy Martin
Russell Simpson
7–6, 6–2
Matt Mitchell
Bill Maze
Parioli Challenger
Parioli, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Alejandro Pierola
6–4, 3–6, 6–4
Miguel Mir
Henri Leconte
Claudio Panatta
Florin Segărceanu
Henri Leconte
Gilles Moretton
6–4, 6–3
Florin Segărceanu
Ben Testerman
West Worthing Challenger
West Worthing, Great Britain
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
John Feaver
4–6, 7–5, 6–3
Richard Lewis
Danie Visser
Tony Graham
Deon Joubert
Chris Johnstone
Chris Lewis
6–2, 6–3
Rory Chappell
Schalk van der Merwe

May

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
May 4Chichester Challenger
Chichester, Great Britain
Grass – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Steve Krulevitz
3–6, 6–3, 6–3
Raymond Moore
Deon Joubert
Tony Graham
Chris Johnstone
Martin Davis
Chris Dunk
7–6, 6–1
Andrew Jarrett
Jonathan Smith
Galatina Challenger
Galatina, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Werner Zirngibl
7–6, 7–5
Fernando Dalla Fontana
Ramiro Benavides
Christophe Casa
Carlos Gattiker
Carlos Gattiker
Patrizio Parrini
6–4, 5–7, 7–5
Roberto Carruthers
Fernando Dalla Fontana
Mexicali Challenger
Mexicali, Mexico
Hard – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
James Delaney
6–3, 5–7, 7–5
Matt Mitchell
George Hardie
João Soares
Erik van Dillen
Syd Ball
Ross Case
6–3, 6–3
John James
Sashi Menon
May 11Guadalajara Open
Guadalajara, Mexico
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
João Soares
6–4, 7–5
Scott Kidd
Lloyd Bourne
George Hardie
Anand Amritraj
Glen Holroyd
Eric Sherbeck
6–7, 6–4, 7–6
Bruce Kleege
Andy Kohlberg
May 18
May 25

June

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
June 1Napoli Challenger
Napoli, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Damir Keretić
4–6, 6–2, 6–2
Christoph Zipf
Gianluca Rinaldini
Roland Stadler
Christophe Casa
Ricardo Acuña
Ramiro Benavides
6–1, 6–1
Alejandro Pierola
Ricardo Rivera
June 8
June 15
June 22Cuneo Challenger
Cuneo, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Juan Avendaño
7–5, 6–3
Guillermo Aubone
Gianni Marchetti
Carlos Gattiker
Ramiro Benavides
Guillermo Aubone
Ricardo Cano
7–6, 7–5
Ricardo Acuña
Ramiro Benavides
June 29Torino Challenger
Torino, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Pablo Arraya
6–4, 3–6, 6–3
Claudio Panatta
Derek Tarr
Jim Gurfein
Blaine Willenborg
Lloyd Bourne
Blaine Willenborg
5–7, 6–4, 6–2
Jaime Fillol
Željko Franulović
Travemünde Challenger
Travemünde, West Germany
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Ulrich Pinner
6–4, 4–6, 6–3
Andreas Maurer
Zoltán Kuhárszky
David Mustard
Damir Keretić
Brad Guan
Wayne Hampson
6–3, 6–4
Bruce Derlin
David Mustard

July

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
July 6Essen Challenger
Essen, West Germany
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Chris Johnstone
7–5, 7–6
Roberto Vizcaíno
Helmut Beermann
Jan Gunnarsson
Cliff Letcher
Guillermo Aubone
Alejandro Pierola
Jan Gunnarsson
Stefan Svensson
6–1, 6–1
Ernie Ewert
Damir Keretić
Sanremo Challenger
Sanremo, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Corrado Barazzutti
7–5, 6–0
Jérôme Vanier
Raúl Viver
Gianni Marchetti
Fabio Moscino
Bob Berger
Blaine Willenborg
7–6, 6–3
Luca Bottazzi
Francesco Cancellotti
July 13La Spezia Challenger
La Spezia, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Adriano Panatta
6–2, 6–0
Jérôme Vanier
Scott Lipton
Javier Restrepo
Ferrante Rocchi
Željko Franulović
Adriano Panatta
6–2, 6–4
Gianni Marchetti
Enzo Vattuone
July 20
July 27Rio de Janeiro Open
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Júlio Góes
6–3, 6–3
Carlos Gattiker
Guillermo Aubone
Bruce Kleege
Ney Keller
Givaldo Barbosa
João Soares
6–4, 6–3
Guillermo Aubone
Carlos Landó
Zell Am See Challenger
Zell Am See, Austria
Clay – $50,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Fernando Luna
6–4, 6–2
Pavel Huťka
Roland Stadler
Gerald Mild
Ramiro Benavides
Ricardo Acuña
Ramiro Benavides
6–7, 7–6, 7–6, 7–5
Wayne Hampson
Chris Johnstone

August

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
August 3Bara Challenger
Bara, Spain
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Bruce Derlin
7–6, 6–3
Cary Stansbury
Zoltán Kuhárszky
Blaine Willenborg
Roberto Vizcaíno
Jiří Hřebec
Pavel Huťka
7–5, 4–6, 9–7
Ángel Giménez
Jairo Velasco Sr.
Ostend Challenger
Ostend, Belgium
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Jérôme Potier
6–2, 6–2
Anders Järryd
Éric Deblicker
Stefan Svensson
Jiří Granát
John Feaver
Chris Johnstone
6–4, 6–4
Cliff Letcher
Warren Maher
Porto Alegre Challenger
Porto Alegre, Brazil
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Carlos Kirmayr
7–6, 6–3
Guillermo Aubone
Givaldo Barbosa
Ney Keller
Bruce Kleege
San Benedetto Challenger
San Benedetto, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Adriano Panatta
6–3, 6–2
Ferrante Rocchi
Gianni Marchetti
Antonio Zugarelli
Pavel Huťka
Paolo Bertolucci
Adriano Panatta
6–4, 6–3
Marco Alciati
Mike Barr
August 10Brasília Challenger
Brasília, Brazil
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Pablo Arraya
6–3, 3–6, 6–4
Marcos Hocevar
Bruce Kleege
João Soares
Thomas Stålhandske
Givaldo Barbosa
João Soares
W/O
Carlos Gattiker
Alejandro Gattiker
Royan Challenger
Royan, France
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Jaroslav Navrátil
6–1, 6–4, 6–3
Anders Järryd
Peter Doohan
Jérôme Vanier
Erick Iskersky
Cliff Letcher
Warren Maher
7–5, 7–5
Anders Järryd
Stefan Simonsson
Tarragona Challenger
Tarragona, Spain
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Jairo Velasco Sr.
6–4, 6–2
Vittorio Magnelli
Carlos Castellan
Gabriel Urpí
Pavel Huťka
Zoltán Kuhárszky
Richard Lewis
6–2, 3–6, 6–3
Robbie Venter
Blaine Willenborg
August 17Le Touquet Challenger
Le Touquet, France
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Stefan Simonsson
6–2, 6–1, 7–5
Harald Theissen
Haroon Ismail
Éric Deblicker
Patrice Kuchna
Anders Järryd
Stefan Simonsson
7–5, 7–5
Libor Pimek
Miroslav Lacek
August 24Brussels Challenger
Brussels, Belgium
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Georges Goven
6–7, 7–6, 6–3
Jaroslav Navrátil
Christophe Casa
Franco Merlone
Stefan Svensson
Bernard Boileau
Alain Brichant
7–5, 6–2
Mike Myburg
Frank Punčec
Reus Challenger
Reus, Spain
Clay – $25,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Jean-François Caujolle
7–6, 6–0
Joe Ragland
Eduardo Osta
Junie Chatman
Sergio Casal
Egan Adams
Robbie Venter
6–7, 6–4, 6–4
Junie Chatman
Bruce Derlin
August 31

September

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
September 7Hypo Group Tennis International
Bari, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Zoltán Kuhárszky
6–4, 6–0
Vittorio Magnelli
Franco Merlone
Gianluca Rinaldini
Huub van Boeckel
Ian Harris
Belus Prajoux
6–4, 6–2
Gianni Marchetti
Alejandro Pierola
September 14International Tournament of Messina
Messina, Italy
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Mario Martinez
6–4, 7–5
Gianni Marchetti
Rory Chappell
Gianluca Rinaldini
Ferrante Rocchi
Alejandro Pierola
Belus Prajoux
3–6, 6–4, 7–6
Mario Calautti
Roberto Calautti
September 21Layetano Challenger
Layetano, Spain
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
José García Requena
6–1, 6–7, 7–5
Diego Pérez
Roberto Vizcaíno
Jan Vanlangendonck
Gabriel Urpí
Gonzalo Núñez
Hugo Núñez
6–4, 7–5
Rory Chappell
John Van Nostrand
September 28Athens Challenger
Athens, Greece
Clay – $25,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Vincent Van Patten
7–5, 6–4
Bernhard Pils
Thomas Högstedt
John Feaver
Per Hjertquist
Vincent Van Patten
Nels Van Patten
7–6, 7–6
Nanad Ilekovlc
George Kalovelonis

November

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
November 2
November 9
November 16Benin City Challenger
Benin City, Nigeria
Hard – $50,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Haroon Ismail
7–5, 6–4, 6–3
Amani Jumatano
Andrew Jarrett
Arthur Anastopoulo
Jeremy Dier
Andrew Jarrett
Richard Lewis
6–3, 6–4, 7–5
Jeremy Dier
Haroon Ismail
November 23
November 30Bahia Challenger
Bahia, Brazil
Clay – $50,000 – 32S/16D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Pat DuPré
5–7, 7–6, 6–4
Mel Purcell
Givaldo Barbosa
Jimmy Arias
Claudio Panatta
Carlos Kirmayr
Cássio Motta
7–6, 6–4
Pat DuPré
Mel Purcell

December

Week ofTournamentChampionsRunners-upSemifinalistsQuarterfinalists
December 7Brisbane Challenger
Brisbane, Australia
Grass – $30,000 – 64S/32D
Singles drawDoubles draw
Chris Johnstone
6–4, 6–4
Bruce Derlin
Andy Andrews
Steve Meister
David Mustard
Chris Johnstone
Craig A. Miller
6–4, 7–5
Brad Drewett
Warren Maher

Statistical information

These tables present the number of singles (S) and doubles (D) titles won by each player and each nation during the season, within all the tournament categories of the 1981 ATP Challenger Series. The players/nations are sorted by: (1) total number of titles (a doubles title won by two players representing the same nation counts as only one win for the nation); (2) a singles > doubles hierarchy; (3) alphabetical order (by family names for players).

Titles won by player

width=50 Totalwidth=225 Playerwidth=45 style="background:#efefef" S width=45 style="background:#efefef" D 
bgcolor=#efefef 5 3 2
bgcolor=#efefef 5 2 3
bgcolor=#efefef 4 2 2
bgcolor=#efefef 3 21
bgcolor=#efefef 3 1 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 2 0
bgcolor=#efefef 2 2 0
bgcolor=#efefef 2 2 0
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 1 1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 2 0 2
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 1 0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 0 1

Titles won by nation

width=50 Totalwidth=225 Nation width=45 style="background:#efefef" S width=45 style="background:#efefef" D 
bgcolor=#efefef 24 <--ALL-S-->8 <--ALL-D-->16
bgcolor=#efefef 14 <--ALL-S-->4 <--ALL-D-->10
bgcolor=#efefef 9 <--ALL-S-->5 <--ALL-D-->4
bgcolor=#efefef 7 <--ALL-S-->4 <--ALL-D-->3
bgcolor=#efefef 6 <--ALL-S-->5 <--ALL-D-->1
bgcolor=#efefef 5 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->4
bgcolor=#efefef 4 <--ALL-S-->3 <--ALL-D-->1
bgcolor=#efefef 4 <--ALL-S-->2 <--ALL-D-->2
bgcolor=#efefef 4 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->3
bgcolor=#efefef 3 <--ALL-S-->3 <--ALL-D-->0
bgcolor=#efefef 3 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->2
bgcolor=#efefef 3 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->2
bgcolor=#efefef 3 <--ALL-S-->0 <--ALL-D-->3
bgcolor=#efefef 2 <--ALL-S-->2 <--ALL-D-->0
bgcolor=#efefef 2 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->1
bgcolor=#efefef 2 <--ALL-S-->0 <--ALL-D-->2
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->1 <--ALL-D-->0
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->0 <--ALL-D-->1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->0 <--ALL-D-->1
bgcolor=#efefef 1 <--ALL-S-->0 <--ALL-D-->1

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: atpworldtour.com . ATP Tour, Inc. . About the Challenger Circuit . 2009-11-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100227095535/http://www.atpworldtour.com/Tournaments/Challenger/ABOUT.aspx . 2010-02-27 . dead .