| Division: | II |
| Year: | 1980 |
| Teams: | 32 |
| Finalfourcity: | Springfield, Massachusetts |
| Champions: | Virginia Union Panthers |
| Titlecount: | 1st |
| Runnerup: | New York Tech Bears |
| Gamecount: | 1st |
| Semifinal1: | Florida Southern Moccasins |
| Finalfourcount: | 1st |
| Semifinal2: | North Alabama Lions |
| Finalfourcount2: | 2nd |
| Coach: | Dave Robbins |
| Coachcount: | 1st |
| Mop: | Keith Valentine |
| Mopteam: | Virginia Union |
| Attendance: | 44,815 |
The 1980 NCAA Division II basketball tournament involved 32 schools playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball as a culmination of the 1979–80 NCAA Division II men's basketball season. It was won by Virginia Union University and Virginia Union's Keith Valentine was the Most Outstanding Player.
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Benedict | Fourth Place | |
| Mount St. Mary's | Third Place | |
| UMBC | Runner-up | |
| Virginia Union | Regional Champion | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Bryant | Fourth Place | |
| New Hampshire College | Regional Champion | |
| Quinnipiac | Third Place | |
| Springfield | Runner-up | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| North Dakota | Fourth Place | |
| South Dakota State | Regional Champion | |
| Stonehill | Third Place | |
| Western Illinois | Runner-up | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Bethune–Cookman | Fourth Place | |
| Florida Southern | Regional Champion | |
| UCF | Runner-up | |
| West Georgia | Third Place | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Cal Poly | Runner-up | |
| Puget Sound | Third Place | |
| San Francisco State | Fourth Place | |
| UC Riverside | Regional Champion | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Central Missouri State | Third Place | |
| Jacksonville State | Fourth Place | |
| Nicholls State | Runner-up | |
| North Alabama | Regional Champion | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Cheyney | Third Place | |
| Gannon | Fourth Place | |
| Hartwick | Runner-up | |
| NYIT | Regional Champion | |
| School | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|
| Eastern Illinois | Runner-up | |
| Indiana State–Evansville | Fourth Place | |
| Northern Michigan | Regional Champion | |
| Wright State | Third Place | |
*denotes tie
Location: UMBC Fieldhouse Host: University of Maryland, Baltimore County
Location: Bryant Gymnasium Host: Bryant College
Location: Frost Arena Host: South Dakota State University
Location: Jenkins Fieldhouse Host: Florida Southern College
Location: Memorial Fieldhouse Host: University of Puget Sound
Location: CMSU Fieldhouse Host: Central Missouri State University
Location: Hammermill Center Host: Gannon University
Location: Physical Education Building Host: Wright State University
*denotes each overtime played
Location: Springfield Civic Center Hosts: American International College and Springfield College
*denotes each overtime played