1979 Nice tsunami explained

The Nice tsunami of 1979 came on October 16. Two tsunamis struck the coast near Nice, accompanied by a landslide at the Nice Airport, and an aseismic submarine landslide. The two waves struck the coast between the Italian border and the town of Antibes (60 miles; 96 km).[1] They reached 3 m high near Nice and 3.5 m[2] at La Salis (Antibes) and decreased in amplitude from there.

Causes

The origin of these events has been a subject of academic and judicial debate.[3] One hypothesis said that it was the landslide at the Nice airport; while the other stated that it was an underwater landslide.[4]

A 0.15 km3[5] slide took place off Nice airport while constructing the fill of the new airport, perhaps as a consequence of this work. This landslide would have caused the first tsunami. The material from this slide could have caused a submarine slide that would have caused the second tsunami.

In the second hypothesis, the major natural submarine landslide (~8.7 km2) that occurred offshore Nice caused a tsunami which would have caused a landslide of the fill of the new airport. This landslide caused another tsunami.

Consequences

Casualty estimates range between 8 and 23.[6] At the construction site, the collapsing fill killed seven people.

The tsunamis inundated a 20-mile section of the coast.[7] The water travelled up to 150 m inland. Eleven people were swept away in Nice and one in Antibes. The airport works were finished, but this event forestalled the construction of a new port for Nice.

References

43.6464°N 7.2157°W

Notes and References

  1. Allaby, M. (2004). A Chronology of Weather. Infobase Publishing.
  2. Sahal . Alexandre . Lemahieu . Anne . The 1979 nice airport tsunami: mapping of the flood in Antibes . Natural Hazards . 56 . 3 . 2010 . 0921-030X . 10.1007/s11069-010-9594-6 . 833–840. 128751536 .
  3. Book: Lee . Homa J. . Locat . Jacques . Desgagns . Priscilla . Parsons . Jeffrey D. . McAdoo . Brian G. . Orange . Daniel L. . Puig . Pere . Wong . Florence L. . Dartnell . Peter . Boulanger . Eric . 2007 . Continental Margin Sedimentation . Submarine Mass Movements on Continental Margins . Blackwell Publishing Ltd. . Oxford, UK . 978-1-4443-0439-8 . 10.1002/9781444304398.ch5. 213–274.
  4. Seed, H. B. (1988). The landslide at the Port of Nice on October 16, 1979. Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California.
  5. Nisbet . Euan G. . Piper . David J. W. . Giant submarine landslides . Nature . 392 . 6674 . 1998 . 0028-0836 . 10.1038/32765 . 329–330. 1998Natur.392..329N . free .
  6. Rana, S. V. S. (2007). Essentials of ecology and environmental science. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
  7. Dudley, W. C., & Lee, M. (1998). Tsunami!. University of Hawaii Press.