| Country: | the Soviet Union |
| Season: | 1978 |
| Division1: | Top League |
| Champions1: | Dinamo Tbilisi |
| Division2: | First League |
| Champions2: | Krylia Sovetov Kuibyshev |
| Division3: | Second League |
| Champions3: | Fakel Voronezh Metallist Kharkov Spartak Nalchik Zvezda Perm Alga Frunze Traktor Pavlodar |
| Domestic: | Soviet Cup |
| Dchampions: | Dinamo Kiev |
| Prevseason: | 1977 |
| Nextseason: | 1979 |
| Flagicon: | yes |
The 1978 Soviet football championship was the 47th seasons of competitive football in the Soviet Union, the 41st among teams of masters. Dinamo Tbilisi won the Top League championship becoming the Soviet domestic champions for the second time.
| Competition | Winner | Runner-up | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top League | Dinamo Tbilisi (2) | Dinamo Kiev | ||
| First League | Krylia Sovetov Kuibyshev (5*) | SKA Rostov-na-Donu | ||
| Second League | Group 1 | Fakel Voronezh | Iskra Smolensk | |
| Group 2 | Metallist Kharkov | Kolos Nikopol | ||
| Group 3 | Spartak Nalchik | Mashuk Piatigorsk | ||
| Group 4 | Zvezda Perm | Guria Lanchkhuti | ||
| Group 5 | Alga Frunze | Avtomobilist Termez | ||
| Group 6 | Traktor Pavlodar | Shakhter Karaganda | ||
| Soviet Cup | Dinamo Kiev (5) | Shakhter Donetsk | ||
Notes = Number in parentheses is the times that club has won that honour. * indicates new record for competition
See main article: 1978 Soviet Top League.
[Nov 10, Nov 15] Metallist Kharkov 1-0 0-1 Fakel Voronezh Traktor Pavlodar 0-1 0-2 Zvezda Perm Spartak Nalchik 2-0 0-1 Alga Frunze
Top League
First League