| Year: | 1978 |
| Team: | Vanderbilt Commodores |
| Sport: | football |
| Conference: | Southeastern Conference |
| Short Conf: | SEC |
| Record: | 2–9 |
| Conf Record: | 0–6 |
| Head Coach: | Fred Pancoast |
| Hc Year: | 4th |
| Stadium: | Dudley Field |
The 1978 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1978 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by Fred Pancoast in his fourth and final season as head coach, the Commodores compiled an overall record of 2–9 with a mark of 0–6 in conference play, placing last out of ten teams in the SEC. Vanderbilt played home games at Dudley Field in Nashville, Tennessee.