| Competition: | Soviet Top League |
| Season: | 1978 |
| Winners: | Dinamo Tbilisi |
| Relegated: | Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk |
| Continentalcup1: | European Cup |
| Continentalcup1 Qualifiers: | Dinamo Tbilisi |
| Continentalcup2: | Cup Winners' Cup |
| Continentalcup2 Qualifiers: | Dinamo Moscow |
| Continentalcup3: | UEFA Cup |
| Continentalcup3 Qualifiers: | Dinamo Kiev Shakhter Donetsk |
| League Topscorer: | (19) Georgi Yartsev (Spartak) |
| Matches: | 240 |
| Total Goals: | 560 |
| Prevseason: | 1977 |
| Nextseason: | 1979 |
Statistics of Soviet Top League for the 1978 season.
It was contested by 16 teams, and Dinamo Tbilisi won the championship.
Introduction of draw limit, a number of games tied during a season.