| Event: | Women's 4 x 100 metres relay |
| Competition: | European Athletics Championships |
The women's 4 x 100 metres relay at the 1978 European Athletics Championships was held in Prague, then Czechoslovakia, at Stadion Evžena Rošického on 2 and 3 September 1978.
| Gold | Vera Anisimova Lyudmila Maslakova Lyudmila Kondratyeva Lyudmila Storozhkova | |
| Silver | Bev Goddard Kathy Smallwood Sharon Colyear Sonia Lannaman  | |
| Bronze | Johanna Klier Monika Hamann Carla Bodendorf Marlies Göhr |
3 September
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| align=left | 42.54 | |||||
| align=left | | 42.72 | ||||
| align=left | 43.07 | |||||
| 4 | align=left | 43.47 | ||||
| 5 | align=left |  | 43.83 | |||
| 6 | align=left | 44.34 | ||||
| 7 | align=left |  | 44.37 | |||
| align=left |  | DNF |
2 September
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | align=left | 43.05 | Q | |||
| 2 | align=left | | 43.78 | Q | ||
| 3 | align=left | 43.97 | Q | |||
| 4 | align=left | | 44.20 | Q | ||
| 5 | align=left |  | 44.95 |
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | align=left | 43.35 | Q | |||
| 2 | align=left | | 43.90 | Q | ||
| 3 | align=left | | 44.31 | Q | ||
| 4 | align=left | 44.58 | Q | |||
| 5 | align=left | 45.03 |
According to an unofficial count, 40 athletes from 10 countries participated in the event.
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