23rd Chess Olympiad explained

The 23rd Chess Olympiad (Spanish; Castilian: La 23<sup>a</sup> Olimpíada de ajedrez), organized by FIDE and comprising an open^[1] and a women's tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between October 25 and November 12, 1978, in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

After the boycott two years earlier, the Eastern Bloc countries were back, including the Soviet team who, as usual, were huge favourites——but in the end they had to settle for the silver medal. Hungary, led by Lajos Portisch, caused quite an upset by taking the gold medals by a full point. The United States took the bronze.

This tournament also witnessed the debut of China, which placed 20th with six untitled players, and later became a chess power and won the Chess Olympiad in 2014 and 2018.

Open event

Sixty-five nations played a 14-round Swiss system tournament. To make for an even number of teams, the Argentine hosts also fielded a "B" team. In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided first by using the Buchholz system, then by match points.

Open event! # !! Country !! Players !! Average
rating !! Points !! Buchholz
1		Portisch, Ribli, Sax, Adorján, Csom, Vadász	2570	37
2			2620	36
3			2553	35
4			2540	33
5			2509	32½	442.5
6			2468	32½	422.5
7			2416	32	440.5
8			2449	32	437.0
9			2429	32	430.5
10			2484	32	426.0
11			2388	32	422.5
12			2508	31½	452.5
13			2486	31½	437.0
14			2538	31½	432.5
15			2558	31	438.0
16			2453	31	437.5
17			2409	31	418.0
18			2486	30½	437.0
19			2389	30½	417.0
20			2273	30½	413.5
21			2361	30½	393.5
22			2389	30	421.0
23			2359	30	400.5
24			2405	29½	407.0
25			2270	29½	396.0
26			2346	29½	394.0
27			2355	29½	393.5
28			2480	29	423.0
29			2395	29	417.0
30			2399	29	408.0
31			2409	29	398.0
-	Argentina "B"		2329	28½	413.0
32			2278	28½	411.5
33			2309	28	404.5
34			2253	28	401.5
35			2200	28	373.0
36			2358	27½	425.0
37			2270	27½	381.5
38			2229	27½	380.5
39			2200	27½	373.5
40			2235	27½	367.0
41			2324	27	403.5
42			2271	27	399.5
43			2200	27	369.0
44			2200	27	359.0
45			2219	27	353.0
46			2200	27	346.0
47			2223	26½	374.5
48			2200	26½	358.0
49			2200	26½	356.0
50			2279	26	390.0
51			2266	26	381.5
52			2213	26	368.0
53			2200	26	356.5
54			2200	26	327.5
55			2200	25½
56			2214	25	373.0
57			2200	25	365.5
58		Shabsh Abdulatif, El-Ageli, Tawengi, Isgeta, Talha, Aburziza M.	2200	23½	321.0
59			2200	23½	319.5
60			2200	22½
61			2200	22
62			2200	20½
63			2200	16
64			2200	12½	328.5
65			2213	12½	327.5

Team standing

The following ratings were used to determine the placement (#).

BP (sum of board points)
TP (sum of team points)

	Team	Code	BP	TP	+	=	-	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1		HUN	37	23	10	3	1	SCO 3½	POL 3	NED 3	ESP 2½	USA 2	URS 1½	DEN 2	ENG 3	BUL 2½	GER 2	ISL 3	SWE 3½	ISR 2½	YUG 3
2		URS	36	23	10	3	1	WLS 3	ARG2 3½	ROM 3	CUB 3	ENG 2	HUN 2½	BUL 2½	USA 3	GER 1½	ISR 2	SWE 2	POL 2½	CAN 3	NED 2½
3		USA	35	23	10	3	1	PAR 3	AUT 2½	CAN 3	AUS 3	HUN 2	ENG 2½	YUG 2½	URS 1	DEN 4	CUB 2½	GER 2½	ISR 2½	POL 2	SUI 2
4		GER	33	17	6	5	3	NZL 4	CHI 2½	CUB 1	FIN 3	DEN 1½	SWE 2	WLS 4	ARG 3	URS 2½	HUN 2	USA 1½	YUG 2	ENG 2	ISR 2
5		ISR	32½	18	7	4	3	ECU 4	BRA 2½	ESP 1	CAN 2½	PHI 2	FRA 2½	ROM 2	FIN 3	POL 2½	URS 2	CUB 3½	USA 1½	HUN 1½	GER 2
6	Romania	ROM	32½	16	6	4	4	PUR 4	CAN 1½	URS 1	INA 1½	CHN 2½	TUN 4	ISR 2	BUL 2	FRA 2	ARG2 3	YUG 1½	ISL 3	ESP 2	ENG 2½
7		DEN	32	20	8	4	2	JPN 3	MEX 2½	COL 3	YUG 2	GER 2½	CAN 3½	HUN 2	CUB 2	USA 0	SUI 2½	ENG 1	CHI 3½	BUL 2	AUT 2½
8		POL	32	17	7	3	4	MAS 3½	HUN 1	HKG 2½	BRA 4	SWE 2½	PHI 2	ENG 2½	YUG 1½	ISR 1½	FRA 3	ESP 2½	URS 1½	USA 2	CAN 2
9	Spain	ESP	32	15	6	3	5	GUA 4	VEN 2½	ISR 3	HUN 1½	BUL 1½	FIN 2	FRA 1½	AUS 3½	SUI 1½	AUT 3	POL 1½	CUB 2	ROM 2	SWE 2½
10		SUI	32	19	8	3	3	BEL 3	FRA 1½	MEX 2½	CHN 2½	CHI 3½	YUG 1	BRA 2½	SWE 2	ESP 2½	DEN 1½	PHI 3	ENG 2	AUT 2½	USA 2
11		CAN	32	16	7	2	5	LBA 4	ROM 2½	USA 1	ISR 1½	SCO 3½	DEN ½	DOM 3½	CHI 2	ENG 1	PER 3	PAR 2½	FRA 4	URS 1	POL 2
12		ENG	31½	15	6	3	5	DOM 4	COL 3½	ARG 2½	BUL 2½	URS 2	USA 1½	POL 1½	HUN 1	CAN 3	SWE 1½	DEN 3	SUI 2	GER 2	ROM 1½
13	Bulgaria	BUL	31½	16	7	2	5	LUX 4	INA 3	FRA 2½	ENG 1½	ESP 2½	CUB 3	URS 1½	ROM 2	HUN 1½	ISL 1	ARG 3	NED 1½	DEN 2	FIN 2½
14		NED	31½	17	7	3	4	URU 4	FIN 3	HUN 1	ARG 2½	CUB 1	COL 2	SWE 1½	CHN 2	PAR 2½	BRA 3	ARG2 3	BUL 2½	YUG 2	URS 1½
15		YUG	31	18	7	4	3	TUN 3½	AUS 2½	NOR 2½	DEN 2	FRA 2	SUI 3	USA 1½	POL 2½	CUB 1½	ARG 2½	ROM 2½	GER 2	NED 2	HUN 1
16		SWE	31	17	7	3	4	HKG 3	NOR 1½	BEL 3½	CHI 2½	POL 1½	GER 2	NED 2½	SUI 2	CHN 3½	ENG 2½	URS 2	HUN ½	FIN 2½	ESP 1½
17		ARG	31	16	8	0	6	BOL 3	CHN 3½	ENG 1½	NED 1½	COL 2½	INA 3	ISL 2½	GER 1	PER 3	YUG 1½	BUL 1	AUT 1	NOR 2½	VEN 3½
18		CUB	30½	17	7	3	4	PER 2½	MAR 4	GER 3	URS 1	NED 3	BUL 1	PHI 3	DEN 2	YUG 2½	USA 1½	ISR ½	ESP 2	ISL 2½	CHN 2
19		AUT	30½	15	7	1	6	GUY 2½	USA 1½	SCO 2½	NZL 1½	PAR 2	CHN ½	HKG 3	MAS 3½	AUS 4	ESP 1	FIN 2½	ARG 3	SUI 1½	DEN 1½
20		CHN	30½	15	6	3	5	ISL 3	ARG ½	DOM 3½	SUI 1½	ROM 1½	AUT 3½	FIN 2	NED 2	SWE ½	VEN 1½	TUN 2½	SYR 2½	ECU 4	CUB 2
21		MEX	30½	16	7	2	5	TRI 3	DEN 1½	SUI 1½	URU 3	VEN 1½	PAR 1	PUR 3	PER 1	DOM 2½	NOR 2	BOL 3	ECU 3	COL 2	ISL 2½
22		FIN	30	14	6	2	6	JAM 4	NED 1	ARG2 2½	GER 1	PER 3	ESP 2	CHN 2	ISR 1	NZL 3	COL 3	AUT 1½	VEN 3	SWE 1½	BUL 1½
23		COL	30	15	5	5	4	UAE 4	ENG ½	DEN 1	HKG 4	ARG 1½	NED 2	SCO 2½	NOR 3	ISL 2	FIN 1	CHI 2	PHI 2½	MEX 2	BRA 2
24		PHI	29½	16	6	4	4	AND 2	PER 2½	WLS 3½	ISL 2½	ISR 2	POL 2	CUB 1	INA 2½	ARG2 1½	CHI 2½	SUI 1	COL 1½	SCO 3	NZL 2
25		NZL	29½	15	7	1	6	GER 0	SRI 3	LUX 3½	AUT 2½	INA 1½	BRA 1½	MAS 3½	ARG2 2	FIN 1	TUN 2½	ECU 1	JPN 3½	PER 3	PHI 2
26		INA	29½	14	6	2	6	ZAI 4	BUL 1	CHI 1½	ROM 2½	NZL 2½	ARG 1	VEN 2½	PHI 1½	NOR 1	ECU 2	SCO 1½	GUA 4	AUS 2	PAR 2½
27	Brazil	BRA	29½	14	6	2	6	IVB 4	ISR 1½	VEN 2½	POL 0	TUN 3	NZL 2½	SUI 1½	WLS 2½	CHI 1½	NED 1	AUS 2	BOL 4	PAR 1½	COL 2
28		ISL	29	13	6	1	7	CHN 1	JPN 4	PAR 3	PHI 1½	AUS 2½	VEN 3	ARG 1½	FRA 2½	COL 2	BUL 3	HUN 1	ROM 1	CUB 1½	MEX 1½
29		CHI	29	14	5	4	5	SRI 4	GER 1½	INA 2½	SWE 1½	SUI ½	SCO 2	JAM 4	CAN 2	BRA 2½	PHI 1½	COL 2	DEN ½	ARG2 2½	AUS 2
30		AUS	29	15	6	3	5	ISV 3½	YUG 1½	FAI 3½	USA 1	ISL 1½	NOR 2½	PAR 2½	ESP ½	AUT 0	SRI 4	BRA 2	ARG2 2½	INA 2	CHI 2
31		NOR	29	14	6	2	6	BER 3½	SWE 2½	YUG 1½	FRA 1	ECU 3	AUS 1½	ARG2 2	COL 1	INA 3	MEX 2	VEN 1½	PAR 2½	ARG 1½	WLS 2½
-	Argentina "B"	ARG2	28½	12	5	2	7	JOR 4	URS ½	FIN 1½	PAR 2	WLS 1½	SYR 4	NOR 2	NZL 3	PHI 2½	ROM 1	NED 1	AUS 1½	CHI 1½	FRA 2½
32	Paraguay	PAR	28½	12	5	2	7	USA 1	AND 4	ISL 1	ARG2 2	AUT 2	MEX 3	AUS 1½	VEN 3	NED 1½	WLS 2½	CAN 1½	NOR 1½	BRA 2½	INA 1½
33		SCO	28	14	6	2	6	HUN ½	MAS 3½	AUT 1½	GUY 4	CAN ½	CHI 2	COL 1½	DOM 2	ECU 1½	URU 2½	INA 2½	WLS 2½	PHI 1	PER 2½
34		VEN	28	13	6	1	7	MAU 4	ESP 1½	BRA 1½	ECU 2	MEX 2½	ISL 1	INA 1½	PAR 1	PUR 3½	CHN 2½	NOR 2½	FIN 1	FRA 3	ARG ½
35		SYR	28	13	6	1	7	FRA 0	URU 1½	BOL 2½	BER 3½	DOM 1½	ARG2 0	LUX 3	SRI 2	TUN 1½	MAR 3	PUR 3½	CHN 1½	WLS 1½	TRI 3
36		FRA	27½	12	5	2	7	SYR 4	SUI 2½	BUL 1½	NOR 3	YUG 2	ISR 1½	ESP 2½	ISL 1½	ROM 2	POL 1	PER 3½	CAN 0	VEN 1	ARG2 1½
37		URU	27½	15	5	5	4	NED 0	SYR 2½	MAU 4	MEX 1	BOL 2	MAS 1	SRI 2	GUY 2½	FAI 2	SCO 1½	GUA 2½	DOM 2½	TUN 2	HKG 2
38		DOM	27½	14	5	4	5	ENG 0	UAE 3½	CHN ½	MAR 3	SYR 2½	BOL 3½	CAN ½	SCO 2	MEX 1½	TRI 2	WAL 22	URU 1½	GUY 3	SRI 2
39		SRI	27½	13	3	7	4	CHI 0	NZL 1	MAS 2	GUA 1½	AND 3½	MAU 2	URU 2	SYR 2	JAM 4	AUS 0	FAI 3½	TUN 2	LUX 2	DOM 2
40		HKG	27½	12	5	2	7	SWE 1	BER 4	POL 1½	COL 0	TRI 3	JAM 1	AUT 1	JPN 3½	WLS 1	BOL 0	UAE 4	MAS 3½	BEL 2	URU 2
41		WLS	27	13	6	1	7	URS 1	TRI 3	PHI ½	BEL 3½	ARG2 2½	ECU 3	GER 0	BRA 1½	HKG 3	PAR 1½	DOM 2	SCO 1½	SYR 2½	NOR 1½
42		PER	27	11	5	1	8	CUB 1½	PHI 1½	TUN 2	FAI 3½	FIN 1	PUR 2½	GUY 3½	MEX 3	ARG 1	CAN 1	FRA ½	TRI 3½	NZL 1	SCO 1½
43		GUY	27	12	6	0	8	AUT 1½	FAI ½	AND 4	SCO 0	LUX 1½	MAR 4	PER ½	URU 1½	BEL 2½	GUA 1	JOR 2½	BER 4	DOM 1	TUN 2½
44		JPN	27	16	7	2	5	DEN 1	ISL 0	ISV 2½	TRI 2	MAU 1	JOR 2½	GUA 2½	HKG ½	ZAI 4	LBA 3	LUX 2	NZL ½	JAM 2½	PUR 3
45		LUX	27	15	6	3	5	BUL 0	ZAI 3	NZL ½	JAM 2	GUY 2½	FAI 1	SYR 1	MAR 2½	AND 3	JOR 2½	JPN 2	BEL 1½	SRI 2	IVB 3½
46		FAI	27	12	5	2	7	MAR 2	GUY 3½	AUS ½	PER ½	MAS 1	LUX 3	BEL 2½	ECU 1½	URU 2	PUR 1½	SRI ½	IVB 4	LBA 1½	ZAI 3
47		BEL	26½	12	4	4	6	SUI 1	BOL 3	SWE ½	WLS ½	MAR 1½	BER 3½	FAI 1½	TRI 2	GUY 1½	MAS 2	JAM 3	LUX 2½	HKG 2	GUA 2
48		GUA	26½	14	6	2	6	ESP 0	MAU 1	LBA 2½	SRI 2½	PUR 1½	TRI 2½	JPN 1½	JAM 2	MAS 2½	GUY 3	URU 1½	INA 0	UAE 4	BEL 2
49		MAR	26½	14	6	2	6	FAI 2	CUB 0	JAM 2½	DOM 1	BEL 2½	GUY 0	LBA 2½	LUX 1½	BER 3½	SYR 1	ZAI 4	PUR 2½	BOL 1½	ECU 2
50	Tunisia	TUN	26	12	4	4	6	YUG ½	ISV 3	PER 2	JOR 4	BRA 1	ROM 0	ECU 2	BOL 2½	SYR 2½	NZL 1½	CHN 1½	SRI 2	URU 2	GUY 1½
51		SCU	26	14	5	4	5	ISR 0	IVB 3	PUR 4	VEN 2	NOR 1	WLS 1	TUN 2	FAI 2½	SCO 2½	INA 2	NZL 3	MEX 1	CHN 0	MAR 2
52		BOL	26	12	5	2	7	ARG 1	BEL 1	SYR 1½	UAE 4	URU 2	DOM ½	MAU 2½	TUN 1½	TRI 2½	HKG 4	MEX 1	BRA 0	MAR 2½	JAM 2
53		TRI	26	10	3	4	7	MEX 1	WLS 1	JOR 2	JPN 2	HKG 1	GUA 1½	ISV 3½	BEL 2	BOL 1½	DOM 2	AND 3½	PER ½	IVB 3½	SYR 1
54		BOL	26	14	5	4	5	ARG2 0	JAM 2	TRI 2	TUN 0	BER 2½	JPN 1½	IVB 2½	AND 2	MAU 3½	LUX 1½	GUY 1½	LBA 2½	ZAI 2	ISV 2½
55		JAM	25½	12	4	4	6	FIN 0	JOR 2	MAR 1½	LUX 2	ZAI 3½	HKG 3	CHI 0	GUA 2	SRI 0	IVB 3½	BEL 1	UAE 3½	JPN 1½	BOL 2
56		PUR	25	12	6	0	8	ROM 0	LBA 3	ECU 0	ISV 4	GUA 2½	PER 1½	MEX 1	MAU 4	VEN ½	FAI 2½	SYR ½	MAR 1½	MAS 3	JPN 1
57		MAS	25	12	5	2	7	POL ½	SCO ½	SRI 2	LBA 3½	FAI 3	URU 3	NZL ½	AUT ½	GUA 1½	BEL 2	ISV 3	HKG ½	PUR 1	UAE 3½
58		LBA	23½	10	4	2	8	CAN 0	PUR 1	GUA 1½	MAS ½	ISV 2	ZAI 2	MAR 1½	IVB 2½	UAE 3½	JPN 1	BER 1½	JOR 1½	FAI 2½	AND 2½
59		MAU	23½	13	5	3	6	VEN 0	GUA 3	URU 0	AND 2½	JPN 3	SRI 2	BOL 1½	PUR 0	JOR ½	UAE 2	IVB 3	ZAI 3	ISV 1	BER 2
60		AND	22½	10	3	4	7	PHI 2	PAR 0	GUY 0	MAU 1½	SRI ½	IVB 3	UAE 3½	JOR 2	LUX 1	ZAI 3	TRI ½	ISV 2	BER 2	LBA 1½
61		ISV	22	9	3	3	8	AUS ½	TUN 1	JPN 1½	PUR 0	LBA 2	UAE 3	TRI ½	ZAI 2½	IVB 2	BER 1½	MAS 1	AND 2	MAU 3	JOR 1½
62	Bermuda	BER	20½	11	4	3	7	NOR ½	HKG 0	IVB 3½	SYR ½	JOR 1½	BEL ½	ZAI 2	UAE 2½	MAR ½	ISV 2½	LBA 2½	GUY 0	AND 2	MAU 2
63		ZAI	16	5	1	3	10	INA 0	LUX 1	UAE 1	IVB 3	JAM ½	LBA 2	BER 2	ISV 1½	JPN 0	AND 1	MAR 0	MAU 1	JOR 2	FAI 1
64		UAE	12½	5	2	1	11	COL 0	DOM ½	ZAI 3	BOL 0	IVB 2½	ISV 1	AND ½	BER 1½	LBA ½	MAU 2	HKG 0	JAM ½	GUA 0	MAS ½
65		IVB	12½	1	0	1	13	BRA 0	ECU 1	BER ½	ZAI 1	UAE 1½	AND 1	JOR 1½	LBA 1½	ISV 2	JAM ½	MAU 1	FAI 0	TRI ½	LUX ½

Individual medals

Board 1: Viktor Korchnoi 9/11 = 81.8%
Board 2: Adam Kuligowski 10/13 = 76.9%
Board 3: Georgi Tringov 8½/11 = 77.3%
Board 4: Glenn Bordonada 7/9 = 77.8%
1st reserve: James Tarjan 9½/11 = 86.4%
2nd reserve: John Turner 6½/7 = 92.9%

Women's event

Thirty-two nations took part in the women's Olympiad. From four preliminary groups the teams were split into four finals. In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided first by match points, then by using the Sonneborn-Berger system.

The Soviet team was back, and led by newly crowned world champion Chiburdanidze they secured the gold medals in a superior display, as well as all four individual board prizes. On the reserve board, Akhmilovskaya won all of her ten games, the only perfect score in Olympiad history. Hungary and West Germany took silver and bronze, respectively.

Preliminaries

Group 1:

- ! Final	Country ! 1	2 ! 3	4 ! 5	6 ! 7	8 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	- !«A»		-	3	2½	3	3	3	3	3		7	0	0	20½	- !«A»		0	-	1½	2½	3	3	3	3		5	1	1	16	- !«B»		½	1½	-	2½	2	3	2	2½		5	1	1	14	- !«B»		0	½	½	-	½	1½	2	3		2	4	1	8	- !«C»		0	0	1	2½	-	0	2	2		3	4	0	7½	- !«C»		0	0	0	1½	3	-	1	2		2	4	1	7½	- !«D»		0	0	1	1	1	2	-	2½		2	5	0	7½	- !«D»		0	0	½	0	1	1	½	- !	0	7	0	3

Group 2:

- ! Final	Country ! 1	2 ! 3	4 ! 5	6 ! 7	8 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	- !«A»		-	1½	3	2½	3	3	3	3		6	0	1	19	- !«A»		1½	-	3	1½	2	2½	3	2½		5	0	2	16	- !«B»		0	0	-	2	2½	3	3	3		5	2	0	13½	- !«B»		½	1½	1	-	1	2½	2½	3		3	3	1	12	- !«C»		0	1	½	2	-	2½	2½	2½		4	3	0	11	- !«C»		0	½	0	½	½	-	2½	2		2	5	0	6	- !«D»		0	0	0	½	½	½	-	3		1	6	0	4½	- !«D»		0	½	0	0	½	1	0	- !	0	7	0	2

Group 3:

- ! Final	Country ! 1	2 ! 3	4 ! 5	6 ! 7	8 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	- !«A»		-	1½	1½	2	2½	2½	2½	3		5	0	2	15½	- !«A»		1½	-	2	2	2½	1½	2	3		5	0	2	14½	- !«B»		1½	1	-	1½	2	1	3	3		3	2	2	13	- !«B»		1	1	1½	-	1½	2½	2	3		3	2	2	12½	- !«C»		½	½	1	1½	-	2½	1	2½		2	4	1	10	- !«C»		½	1½	2	½	½	-	1½	3		2	3	2	9½	- !«D»		½	1	0	1	2	1½	-	1½		1	4	2	7½	- !«D»		0	0	0	0	0	0	1½	- !	0	6	1	1½

Group 4:

- ! Final	Country ! 1	2 ! 3	4 ! 5	6 ! 7	8 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	- !«A»		-	2	1	2	3	2½	3	3		6	1	0	16½	- !«A»		1	-	1½	3	3	2½	2½	3		5	1	1	16½	- !«B»		2	1½	-	1½	2½	2	3	3		5	0	2	15½	- !«B»		1	0	1½	-	3	1½	2½	2½		3	2	2	12	- !«C»		0	0	½	0	-	2	3	2½		3	4	0	8	- !«C»		½	½	1	1½	1	-	1	1		0	6	1	6½	- !«D»		0	½	0	½	0	2	-	1½		1	5	1	4½	- !«D»		0	0	0	½	½	2	1½	- !	1	5	1	4½

Finals

Final A! # !! Country !! Players !! Average
rating !! Points !! MP !! S-B
1	Chiburdanidze, Gaprindashvili, Alexandria, Akhmilovskaya	2370	16
2		2260	11	8	43.00
3		2143	11	8	37.50
4		2197	11	7
5		2147	10½
6		2043	8½	6
7		2175	8½	4
8		2130	7½

Final B! # !! Country !! Players !! Average
rating !! Points !! MP
9	2072	15	13
10	2183	15	11
11	2140	10
12	1953	9½	7
13	1935	9½	4
14	2110	9
15	1800	8½
16	1975	7½

Final C! # !! Country !! Players !! Average
rating !! Points !! MP !! S-B
17	1967	13	9	42.25
18	1907	13	9	41.25
19	1880	12
20	1807	11½	9
21	1893	11½	8
22	1813	1
23	1802	6½
24	1800	5½

Final D! # !! Country !! Players !! Average
rating !! Points !! MP !! S-B
25	1880	17½
26	1800	13½
27	1800	12
28	1800	10½	7	34.25
29	1800	10½	7	26.00
30	1800	10½	7	25.25
31	1800	5½
32	1800	4

Final «A»

- ! No.	Country ! 1	2 ! 3	4 ! 5	6 ! 7	8 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	-	1	align=left bgcolor="gold"		-	1½	2	2	3	3	2½	2		6	0	1	16	-	2	align=left bgcolor="silver"		1½	-	1½	2	2	1	1½	1½		2	1	4	11	-	3	align=left bgcolor="CC9966"		1	1½	-	1½	2	1½	1½	2		2	1	4	11	-	4		1	1	1½	-	2	2½	2	1		3	3	1	11	-	5		0	1	1	1	-	3	2	2½		3	4	0	10½	-	6		1	2	1½	½	0	-	1½	3		2	3	2	8½	-	7		½	1½	1½	1	1	1½	-	1½		0	3	4	8½	-	8		1	1½	1	2	½	0	1½	- !	1	4	2	7½

Final «B»

- ! No.	Country ! 9	10 ! 11	12 ! 13	14 ! 15	16 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	-	9		-	1½	2	2	2	2½	2	3		6	0	1	15	-	10		1½	-	2	3	2	1	2½	3		5	1	1	15	-	11		1	1	-	1½	2	2	1	1½		2	3	2	10	-	12		1	0	1½	-	2	2	1½	1½		2	2	3	9½	-	13		1	1	1	1	-	2	2½	1		2	5	0	9½	-	14		½	2	1	1	1	-	1	2½		2	5	0	9	-	15		1	½	2	1½	½	2	-	1		2	4	1	9½	-	16		0	0	1½	1½	2	½	2	- !	2	3	2	7½

Final «C»

- ! No.	Country ! 17	18 ! 19	20 ! 21	22 ! 23	24 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	-	17		-	2	1½	1½	1	1½	3	2½		3	1	3	13	-	18		1	-	2½	1½	3	½	2	2½		4	2	1	13	-	19		1½	½	-	1½	1½	3	2½	1½		2	1	4	12	-	20		1½	1½	1½	-	2	2	1½	1½		2	0	5	11½	-	21		2	0	1½	1	-	1½	3	2½		3	2	2	11½	-	22		1½	2½	0	1	1½	-	2	2½		3	2	2	11	-	23		0	1	½	1½	0	1	-	2½		1	5	1	6½	-	24		½	½	1½	1½	½	½	½	- !	0	5	2	5½

Final «D»

- ! No.	Country ! 25	26 ! 27	28 ! 29	30 ! 31	32 !	+ ! −	= ! Points	-	25		-	2	2½	1½	3	2½	3	3		6	0	1	17½	-	26		1	-	2	1	2	2½	2	3		5	2	0	13½	-	27		½	1	-	2½	1½	2	2½	2		4	2	1	12	-	28		1½	2	½	-	1	1½	1½	2½		2	2	3	10½	-	29		0	1	1½	2	-	1	3	2		3	3	1	10½	-	30		½	½	1	1½	2	-	2	3		3	3	1	10½	-	31		0	1	½	1½	0	1	-	1½		0	5	2	5½	-	32		0	0	1	½	1	0	1½	- !	0	6	1	4

Individual medals

Board 1: Maia Chiburdanidze 9/11 = 81.8%
Board 2: Nona Gaprindashvili 9½/11 = 86.4%
Board 3: Nana Alexandria 8/10 = 80%
Reserve: Elena Akhmilovskaya 10/10 = 100%

References

23rd Chess Olympiad: Buenos Aires 1978 OlimpBase

Notes and References

Although commonly referred to as the men's division, this section is open to both male and female players.