The 1977 Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Sofia, Bulgaria.
The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak. The men's K-1 4 x 500 m relay was discontinued at these championships and replaced by the men's K-4 500 m event.
This was the thirteenth championships in canoe sprint.
| Event | align=center bgcolor="gold" | Gold | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="silver" | Silver | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="CC9966" | Bronze | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-1 500 m | ||||||||||||
| C-1 1000 m | ||||||||||||
| C-1 10000 m | ||||||||||||
| C-2 500 m |  László Foltán István Vaskúti | John Wood Gregory Smith | Vasyl Yurchenko Yuri Lobanov | |||||||||
| C-2 1000 m | Vasyl Yurchenko Yuri Lobanov | Tamás Buday Oszkár Frey | Jerzy Opara Andrzej Gronowicz | |||||||||
| C-2 10000 m | Sergey Petrenko Yuri Lobanov |  Lipat Varabiev Pavel Cozlov | Zoltán Parti András Hubik |
| Event | align=center bgcolor="gold" | Gold | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="silver" | Silver | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="CC9966" | Bronze | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K-1 500 m | ||||||||||||
| K-2 500 m | Marion Rösiger Martina Fischer | Agafia Orlov Natasia Nichitov | Vania Gescheva Diana Christova | |||||||||
| K-4 500 m | Maria Mintscheva Rosa Bohanova Velitscha Mintscheva Natascha Janakieva | Marion Rösiger Martina Fischer Sabine Pochert Gudrun Klaus-Dittmar | Taisiya Lapteyeva Galina Zhikareva Tatyana Korzhunova Nina Doroh |
