| Competition: | Segunda División |
| Season: | 1976–77 |
| Dates: | 4 September 1976 – 5 June 1977 |
| Winners: | Sporting Gijón (5th title) |
| Matches: | 380 |
| Total Goals: | 908 |
| League Topscorer: | Quini (27 goals) |
| Prevseason: | 1975–76 |
| Nextseason: | 1977–78 |
The 1976–77 Segunda División season saw 20 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league. Sporting de Gijón, Cádiz CF and Rayo Vallecano were promoted to Primera División. Pontevedra CF, Levante UD, CD San Andrés and Barcelona Atlètic were relegated to the new Segunda División B.
From this season, there is no relegation playoff.
| Club | City | Stadium |
|---|---|---|
| Alavés | Vitoria | Mendizorrotza |
| Barcelona Atlètic | Barcelona | Fabra i Coats |
| Cádiz | Cádiz | Ramón de Carranza |
| Calvo Sotelo | Puertollano | Calvo Sotelo |
| Castellón | Castellón de la Plana | Castalia |
| Córdoba | Córdoba | El Árcangel |
| Deportivo La Coruña | La Coruña | Riazor |
| Getafe Deportivo | Getafe | Las Margaritas |
| Granada | Granada | Los Cármenes |
| Jaén | Jaén | La Victoria |
| Levante | Valencia | Nuevo Estadio |
| Oviedo | Oviedo | Carlos Tartiere |
| Pontevedra | Pontevedra | Pasarón |
| Rayo Vallecano | Madrid | Nuevo Estadio Vallecas |
| Recreativo Huelva | Huelva | Municipal |
| San Andrés | Barcelona | Calle Santa Coloma |
| Sporting Gijón | Gijón | El Molinón |
| Tarrasa | Terrassa | Olímpic de Terrassa |
| Tenerife | Santa Cruz de Tenerife | Heliodoro Rodríguez López |
| Real Valladolid | Valladolid | José Zorrilla |
| Goalscorers | Goals | Team |
|---|---|---|
 Quini | Sporting de Gijón | |
| Enrique Galán | Real Oviedo | |
| Crispín Maciel | Tenerife | |