1974 Pattan earthquake explained
| 1974 Pattan earthquake |
| Timestamp: | 1974-12-28 12:11:48 |
| Isc-Event: | 734833 |
| Anss-Url: | iscgem734833 |
| Local-Time: | 17:11 PST |
| Magnitude: | 6.2 |
| Depth: | 22 km |
| Location: | 35°N 72.8°W |
| Casualties: | 5,300 dead, 17,000 injured |
The 1974 Pattan earthquake occurred in the rugged and isolated Hunza, Hazara and Swat districts of northern Pakistan at 12:11 UTC on 28 December 1974. The 6.2 surface wave magnitude quake had a shallow focal depth of 22 km and was followed by numerous aftershocks.[1] An official estimate of the number killed was 5,300 with approximately 17,000 injured, and around 4,400 homes were destroyed.[2] A total of 97,000 were reported affected by the tremor. Most of the destruction was centered on the village of Pattan. The village was almost completely destroyed.
The epicentral region is characterized by steep-walled narrow canyons and valleys. Most of the population was concentrated along the rivers. Much of the destruction was caused by the numerous landslides and rockfalls which came tumbling down from high above. The main road leading into the area was blocked for about 25miles by landslides and rockfalls, hampering relief efforts. The government flew in emergency supplies by helicopter until the roads were reopened on 13 January.
The earthquake, which reached MMI V in Kabul, Afghanistan, affected some 1000sqmi of the Indus Valley region. Several nations contributed money and supplies to aid the inhabitants of the stricken area.[3]
See also
Sources
- Earthquake information Bulletin, March–April 1975, Volume 7, Number 2
Further reading
- Ambraseys . N. . Nicholas Ambraseys . Lensen . G. . Moinfar . A. . Pennington . W. . The Pattan (Pakistan) earthquake of 28 December 1974: field observations . Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology . Geological Society of London . 14 . 1 . 1981 . 1470-9236 . 10.1144/gsl.qjeg.1981.014.01.01 . 1–16. 140170284 .
- Chandra . Umesh . Fault-plane solution and tectonic implications of the Pattan, Pakistan earthquake of December 28, 1974 . Tectonophysics . Elsevier BV . 28 . 3 . 1975 . 0040-1951 . 10.1016/0040-1951(75)90032-3 . T19–T24. 1975Tectp..28T..19C .
- Jackson . James . Yielding . Graham . The seismicity of Kohistan, Pakistan: Source studies of the Hamran (1972.9.3), Darel (1981.9.12) and Patan (1974.12.28) earthquakes . Tectonophysics . Elsevier BV . 91 . 1–2 . 1983 . 0040-1951 . 10.1016/0040-1951(83)90055-0 . 15–28. 1983Tectp..91...15J .
Notes and References
- Web site: M 6.2 - 42 km NNW of Shingli Bala, Pakistan . earthquake.usgs.gov . 15 July 2021.
- Web site: History of earthquakes in Pakistan. 2021-07-10. Dunya News. 14 February 2008 . 2021-07-10. https://web.archive.org/web/20210710212634/https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/510933-History-of-earthquakes-in-Pakistan. live.
- Web site: Timeline of major earthquakes in Pakistan . Dawn . Pakistan . 25 September 2013 . 26 March 2020 . 26 March 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200326043620/https://www.dawn.com/news/1045343 . live .
