The 1970 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Copenhagen, Denmark for the second time after hosting the event in 1950. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation. Beginning at these championships, the event would be held on an annual basis in non-Summer Olympic years, a tradition that continues .
The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.
This was the eighth championships in canoe sprint.
| Event | align=center bgcolor="gold" | Gold | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="silver" | Silver | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="CC9966" | Bronze | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-1 1000 m | ||||||||||||
| C-1 10000 m | ||||||||||||
| C-2 1000 m |  Ivan Patzaichin Serghei Covaliov |  Tamás Wichmann Gyula Petrikovics | Boris Lubenov Sachko Iliev | |||||||||
| C-2 10000 m | Petre Maxim Gheorghe Simionov | Valeriy Drybas Vasiliy Kalyagin | Bernt Lindelöf Erik Zeidlitz |
| Event | align=center bgcolor="gold" | Gold | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="silver" | Silver | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time | align=center bgcolor="CC9966" | Bronze | align=center bgcolor="EFEFEF" | Time |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K-1 500 m | ||||||||||||
| K-2 500 m | Roswitha Esser Renate Breuer | Lyudmila Bezrukova Tamara Shymanskaya | Petra Setzkorn Petra Grabowski | |||||||||
| K-4 500 m | Lyudmila Bezrukova Tamara Shymanskaya Natalya Boyko Ninel Vakula | Petra Setzkorn Petra Grabowski Ingeborg Loesch Anita Nüssner-Kobuss | Roswitha Esser Irene Pepinghege Roswitha Spohr Monika Bergmann |