| 1968 Hurricane | |
| Date Formed: | 12 January 1968 |
| Date Dissipated: | 18 January 1968 |
| Pressure: | 956mb |
| Gust: | 134mph[1] |
| Areas Affected: | Scotland, England, Northern Ireland, Denmark |
| Total Damages (Usd): | £30 million (1968 GBP)[2] |
| Total Fatalities: | 28 dead (56 injured) |
The 1968 Hurricane (or Hurricane Low Q)[1] [2] was a deadly storm that moved through the Central Belt of Scotland during mid January 1968. It was described as Central Scotland's worst natural disaster since records began and the worst gale in the United Kingdom.[2] [3] [4] Some said that the damage resembled what happened during the Clydebank Blitz in 1941.[5] 20 people died from the storm, with 9 dead in Glasgow.[6] 700 people were left homeless.[7] Such high wind speeds in an urban area were equivalent to those witnessed in Paris during Cyclone Lothar in 1999.[8]
A 134mph wind gust was recorded at Great Dun Fell in Cumbria, England. At the time this was the strongest wind gust ever recorded in the United Kingdom,[9] though this was superseded in 1986 when a 173mph gust was recorded at Cairn Gorm.[10]
The origins of this violent storm appear to be from a cold front near Bermuda on 13 January 1968.[3] The system moved north of the Azores the next day and still appeared as a shallow low pressure area. In the next 24 hours, this low explosively deepened 50 millibars to 956mb and passed over Central Scotland.[3] [11] The storm continued to move over Northern Europe before dissipating on 18 January 1968.
15 January 1968 began as a mild day, then temperatures grew cooler as the day progressed.[6] The highest temperature on that day was 11.8C at St. James's Park, London and the lowest was 5.1C at Lerwick, Shetland.[6] The most rainfall on 15 January in the British Isles was 24.9mm at South Barrule.[6] In Glasgow alone, over 300 houses were destroyed and 70,000 homes were damaged.[1] Due to the strong winds, half of Glasgow's council houses were damaged.[4] Many people evacuated the then Europe's tallest flats as they began swaying.[12] Officials said at least seven ships sank or went adrift in the river Clyde causing hundreds of thousands of pounds worth of damage.[4] Off the east coast of Scotland, a drilling rig called Sea Quest was set adrift in rough seas.[3] Over a thousand mature trees were downed in the Central Belt, as well as power lines.[3] In total the storm felled 8,000 hectares of forest across Scotland (1.6 million cubic metres of timber).[13] A Glasgow police spokesman said that it was 'absolute havoc' in the city.[14] Electrical power also failed in Glasgow, leaving the whole city in darkness.[15]
In England and Wales, a five-day freeze ended with some roads flooded by up to 3feet of water.[16] Large waves pounded the English Channel coastline.[15]
| Measuring station | Wind gust | |
|---|---|---|
| 134mph | ||
| 118mph | ||
| 111mph | ||
| 107mph | ||
| 106mph | ||
| 104mph | ||
| Prestwick | ||
| 103mph | ||
| 92mph | ||
In Denmark, officials in Copenhagen said that eight people died in the country from the storm.[5] [17]
After the storm moved away, the death toll continued to rise. 30 people died from repairing houses.[2] On 16 January 1968, about 150 troops from Edinburgh came to Glasgow to help with the clean-up operation.[12] There was little national press coverage of the storm, despite it affecting most of northern England, Northern Ireland and Scotland. An interest-free loan of £500,000 was given by the Labour Government to the affected areas.[1] [2] Singer Frankie Vaughan began to raise funds for the victims of the storm by holding a special concert at Alhambra Theatre in Glasgow.[12]
After the devastation of the storm in the area, the Glasgow City Council quickly imposed a new policy to improve housing in the city.[3]