1960 Iranian general election explained
| Election Name: | 1960 Iranian legislative election |
| Flag Image: | State flag of Iran (1933–1964).svg |
| Country: | Iran |
| Type: | legislative |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1956 Iranian legislative election |
| Previous Year: | 1956 |
| Next Election: | 1961 Iranian legislative election |
| Next Year: | 1961 |
| Seats For Election: | All 200 seats to the National Consultative Assembly |
| Election Date: | 30 July[1] / 3[2] –20 August 1960[3] |
| Leader1: | Manouchehr Eghbal |
| Party1: | Party of Nationalists |
| Seats1: | 104 |
| Colour1: | 4169E1 |
| Leader2: | Asadollah Alam |
| Party2: | People's Party |
| Seats2: | 25≈50 |
| Colour2: | FE8002 |
| Leader4: | Mozzafar Baghai |
| Party4: | Toilers Party |
| Alliance4: | — |
| Colour4: | no |
| Leader5: | Allahyar Saleh |
| Alliance5: | National Front |
| Colour5: | no |
| Prime Minister |
| Before Election: | Manouchehr Eghbal |
| Before Party: | Party of Nationalists |
| After Election: | Jafar Sharif-Emami |
| After Party: | Independent |
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran between 30 July and 20 August 1960.
In order to demonstrate the appearance of a democratic free election, the Shah allowed candidates from the popular National Front to compete,[4] however it returned no seats for them.[5]
The announced result was a massive victory for the Prime Minister Eghbal's Party of Nationalists. The elections "were extensively and clumsily rigged" and the fraud "was exposed in the press, provoked public rancor and restlessness".[6]
Aside from the opposition figures, pseudo-opposition People's Party and a number of independents led by Ali Amini denounced the elections.[6] The results were annulled by the Shah, and fresh elections were held the following year.[1]
Results
Zonis (1971) and Mehrdad (1980)
Chehabi (1990)
See also
Notes and References
- Encyclopedia: ELECTIONS i. UNDER THE QAJAR AND PAHLAVI MONARCHIES, 1906-79. Encyclopædia Iranica. December 13, 2011. December 15, 1998. Bibliotheca Persica Press. New York City. VIII. Azimi . Fakhreddin. Yarshater. Ehsan. Ehsan Yarshater. March 15, 2016. 4. 345–355.
- Chronology June 16, 1960–September 15, 1960 . . Autumn 1960 . 14 . 4 . 439 . 4323289.
- Book: Dieter. Nohlen. Dieter Nohlen. Florian. Grotz. Christof . Hartmann . 2001. Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook. Iran. I. 68. 0-19-924958-X.
- Book: Kristen Blake. The U.S.-Soviet Confrontation in Iran, 1945-1962: A Case in the Annals of the Cold War. University Press of America. 143. 2009. 978-0761844921.
- Book: Donald Newton Wilber. Iran, Past and Present: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic. Princeton University Press. 233. 2014. 978-1400857470.
- Book: Houchang E. Chehabi. Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini. I.B.Tauris. 144–146. 1990. 1850431981. After many postponements, balloting finally began in the provinces on July 26, and by August 12, when the last results came in, the prime minister's Melliyun party had obtained 104 seats, and the "opposition" Mardom party won about 25. But two provincial towns had not voted: Kashan, where the IP's leader Allahyar Saleh was running, and Kerman, where Mozaffar Baqa'i was a candidate..
- Book: Zonis, Marvin. Political Elite of Iran. Princeton University Press. 71. 1971. 9781400868803. For as the election campaigns wore on, the party candidates took their roles seriously and began unbridled attacks on their opposite numbers. When the election results were announced, then, they were greeted with an uproar of dismay. As if the heated campaign had not been held, the shah-sponsored Prime Minister Eghbal's Melliyun party won 104 seats in the Majles, The Mardom party led by Asadollah Alam captured fifty seats and the independents but three seats.
- Mehrdad. Hormoz. 148645507. 1980. Political orientations and the style of intergroup leadership interactions: the case of Iranian political parties. PhD. Ohio State University. osu1487090992443849. 278.
