| Election Name: | 1956 Missouri gubernatorial election |
| Country: | Missouri |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1952 Missouri gubernatorial election |
| Previous Year: | 1952 |
| Next Election: | 1960 Missouri gubernatorial election |
| Next Year: | 1960 |
| Election Date: | November 6, 1956 |
| Nominee1: | James T. Blair Jr. |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 941,528 |
| Percentage1: | 52.1% |
| Nominee2: | Lon Hocker |
| Party2: | Republican Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 866,810 |
| Percentage2: | 47.9% |
| Map Size: | 270px |
| Governor | |
| Before Election: | Phil M. Donnelly |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | James T. Blair Jr. |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
The 1956 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1956 and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee, Lt. Governor James T. Blair, Jr., over the Republican nominee, Lon Hocker.