| Election Date: | 17 July 1956 |
| Country: | Gold Coast |
| Flag Year: | 1877 |
| Type: | parliamentary |
| Previous Year: | 1954 |
| Previous Election: | 1954 Gold Coast general election |
| Next Election: | 1965 Ghanaian parliamentary election |
| Next Year: | 1965 |
| Seats For Election: | All 104 seats in the Legislative Assembly |
| Majority Seats: | 53 |
| Party1: | Convention People's Party |
| Image1: | The National Archives UK - CO 1069-50-1.jpg |
| Leader1: | Kwame Nkrumah |
| Last Election1: | 72 seats |
| Popular Vote1: | 391,817 |
| Percentage1: | 57.10% |
| Seats1: | 71 |
| Seat Change1: | 1 |
| Party2: | Northern People's Party |
| Leader2: | Simon Diedong Dombo |
| Seats2: | 15 |
| Last Election2: | 15 seats |
| Popular Vote2: | 68,709 |
| Percentage2: | 10.39% |
| Leader3: | J. B. Danquah |
| Party3: | National Liberation Movement (Ghana) |
| Last Election3: | – |
| Seats3: | 12 |
| Seat Change3: | 12 |
| Popular Vote3: | 145,657 |
| Percentage3: | 20.89% |
| Elected Members: | List of MLAs elected in the 1956 Gold Coast general election |
| Outgoing Members: | List of MLAs elected in the 1954 Gold Coast general election |
General elections were held in the Gold Coast (soon to become Ghana) on 17 July 1956. The result was a victory for Kwame Nkrumah's Convention People's Party, which won 71 of the 104 seats.[1]
A new constitution, approved on 29 April 1954, established a cabinet composed of African ministers drawn from an all-African legislature chosen by direct election. In the elections that followed, the Convention People's Party won the majority of seats in the new Legislative Assembly.
A new constitution, approved on 29 April 1954, established a cabinet composed of African ministers drawn from an all-African legislature chosen by direct election. In the elections that followed, the Convention People's Party won the majority of seats in the new Legislative Assembly. In May 1956, Prime Minister Nkrumah's government issued a white paper containing proposals for Gold Coast independence. The British Government stated it would agree to a firm date for independence if a reasonable majority for such a step were obtained in the Gold Coast Legislative Assembly after a general election.
After pro-independence parties won a convincing majority, the British government agreed to grant the colony independence. This happened on 6 March 1957, with the country renamed Ghana. Initially a constitutional monarchy with Elizabeth II as head of State, the country's democratic credentials were hampered by the Preventive Detention Act (1958). In 1960 a referendum resulted in the country becoming a republic with a presidential form of government, and in 1964 it became a one-party state. Nkrumah was eventually overthrown in 1966.