| Cupa României | |
| Year: | 1956 |
| Country: | Romania |
| Winners: | Progresul Oradea |
| Second: | Energia Câmpia Turzii |
| Prev Season: | 1955 |
| Next Season: | 1957–58 |
The 1956 Cupa României was the 19th edition of Romania's most prestigious football cup competition.
The title was won by Progresul Oradea against Energia Câmpia Turzii.
The competition is an annual knockout tournament.
In the first round proper, two pots were made, first pot with Divizia A teams and other teams till 16 and the second pot with the rest of teams qualified in this phase. First pot teams will play Away. Each tie is played as a single leg.
If a match is drawn after 90 minutes, the game goes in extra time, and if the scored is still tight after 120 minutes, the team who plays away will qualify.
In case the teams are from same city, there a replay will be played.
In case the teams play in the final, there a replay will be played.
From the first edition, the teams from Divizia A entered in competition in sixteen finals, rule which remained till today.
|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|13 September 1956|-|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|20 September 1956|}
|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|18 October 1956|-|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|15 November 1956|-|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|22 November 1956|}
|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|25 November 1956|}
|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|2 December 1956|-|colspan=3 style="background-color:#FFCCCC;"|6 December 1956|}
See main article: 1956 Cupa României final.