| Type: | F1 |
| Country: | Argentina |
| Grand Prix: | Argentine |
| Official Name: | IV Gran Premio de la Republica Argentina |
| Date: | 22 January |
| Year: | 1956 |
| Previous Round: | 1955 Italian Grand Prix |
| Next Round: | 1956 Monaco Grand Prix |
| Location: | Autódromo Municipal Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires |
| Course: | Permanent racing facility |
| Course Mi: | 2.431 |
| Course Km: | 3.912 |
| Distance Laps: | 98 |
| Distance Mi: | 238.219 |
| Distance Km: | 383.376 |
| Weather: | Overcast but dry |
| Pole Driver: | Juan Manuel Fangio |
| Pole Team: | Ferrari |
| Pole Time: | 1:42.5 |
| Pole Country: | Argentina |
| Fast Driver: | Juan Manuel Fangio |
| Fast Team: | Ferrari |
| Fast Time: | 1:45.3 |
| Fast Country: | Argentina |
| First Driver: | Luigi Musso  Juan Manuel Fangio |
| First Team: | Ferrari |
| First Country: | Italy |
| Second Driver: | Jean Behra |
| Second Team: | Maserati |
| Second Country: | France |
| Third Driver: | Mike Hawthorn |
| Third Team: | Maserati |
| Third Country: | United Kingdom |
The 1956 Argentine Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 22 January 1956 at Buenos Aires. It was race 1 of 8 in the 1956 World Championship of Drivers. With the withdrawal of Mercedes from Formula One, Fangio and Moss would begin the season with new teams. Fangio would join Ferrari while Moss would lead the Maserati team. The grid in Argentina was composed entirely of Italian cars. Ferrari and Maserati showed up with five cars each. The other three cars were also Maseratis: two private entries and Hawthorn for the B.R.M. team.
Ferrari dominated practice and occupied the first three grid positions, with Fangio's pole time 2.2 sec faster than second. Maserati dominated the early race with Menditeguy and Moss leading the field. Fangio was a non-factor with a faulty fuel pump. He took over Musso's car after 30 laps and re-entered without losing Musso's fifth place in the race.[1] Meanwhile, Musso took over Fangio's ailing car but did not manage to finish in it even a single lap.[2] Fangio quickly passed Behra but lost his position after spinning. On laps 40–43, disaster struck the leaders. While third, Castellotti's gearbox broke, Menditeguy left the lead with a broken driveshaft, and new leader Moss's engine began to smoke. Fangio, who had overtaken Behra, passed the ailing Moss on lap 67, and finished unchallenged after Behra spun late in the race. The race was not without controversy when the Maserati team manager lodged a protest that Fangio was push-started after the earlier spin. The protest was ultimately rejected by both the stewards and the FIA.
| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Time | Gap | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30 | Juan Manuel Fangio | Ferrari | 1:42.5 | — | |
| 2 | 32 |  Eugenio Castellotti | Ferrari | 1:44.7 | +2.2 | |
| 3 | 34 | Luigi Musso | Ferrari | 1:44.7 | +2.2 | |
| 4 | 4 |  Jean Behra | Maserati | 1:45.1 | +2.6 | |
| 5 | 12 | José Froilán González | Maserati | 1:45.2 | +2.7 | |
| 6 | 6 | Carlos Menditeguy | Maserati | 1:45.6 | +3.1 | |
| 7 | 2 | Stirling Moss | Maserati | 1:45.9 | +3.4 | |
| 8 | 14 | Mike Hawthorn | Maserati | 1:47.4 | +4.9 | |
| 9 | 36 | Peter Collins | Ferrari | 1:47.7 | +5.2 | |
| 10 | 38 |  Olivier Gendebien | Ferrari | 1:50.4 | +7.9 | |
| 11 | 10 |  Chico Landi Gerino Gerini | Maserati | 1:52.1 | +9.6 | |
| 12 | 8 | Luigi Piotti | Maserati | 1:57.9 | +15.4 | |
| 13 | 16 |  Alberto Uria | Maserati | |||
| Source:[3] | ||||||
| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 34 | Luigi Musso Juan Manuel Fangio | Ferrari | 98 | 3:00:03.7 | 3 | 4 5 | |
| 2 | 4 | Jean Behra | Maserati | 98 | +24.4 | 4 | 6 | |
| 3 | 14 | Mike Hawthorn | Maserati | 96 | +2 laps | 8 | 4 | |
| 4 | 10 | Chico Landi Gerino Gerini | Maserati | 92 | +6 laps | 11 | 1.5 1.5 | |
| 5 | 38 | Olivier Gendebien | Ferrari | 91 | +7 laps | 10 | 2 | |
| 6 | 16 | Alberto Uria Óscar González | Maserati | 88 | +10 laps | 13 | ||
| Ret | 2 | Stirling Moss | Maserati | 81 | Engine | 7 | ||
| Ret | 36 | Peter Collins | Ferrari | 58 | Accident | 9 | ||
| Ret | 8 | Luigi Piotti | Maserati | 57 | Accident | 12 | ||
| Ret | 6 | Carlos Menditeguy | Maserati | 42 | Halfshaft | 6 | ||
| Ret | 32 | Eugenio Castellotti | Ferrari | 40 | Gearbox | 2 | ||
| Ret | 12 | José Froilán González | Maserati | 24 | Engine | 5 | ||
| Ret | 30 | Juan Manuel Fangio Luigi Musso | Ferrari | 22 | Fuel pump | 1 | ||
| Pos | Driver | Points | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | ||
| 2 | Juan Manuel Fangio | 5 | |
| 3 | Luigi Musso | 4 | |
| 4 | Mike Hawthorn | 4 | |
| 5 | Olivier Gendebien | 2 | |
| Source:[4] | |||