| Club: | Celtic |
| Season: | 1955–56 |
| Manager: | Jimmy McGrory |
| Stadium: | Celtic Park |
| League: | Scottish Division One |
| League Result: | 5th |
| Cup1: | Scottish Cup |
| Cup1 Result: | Finalists |
| Cup2: | Scottish League Cup |
| Cup2 Result: | Group stage |
| Prevseason: | 1954–55 |
| Nextseason: | 1956–57 |
During the 1955–56 Scottish football season, Celtic competed in Scottish Division One.
See main article: 1955–56 Scottish Division One.
See main article: 1955–56 Scottish Cup.
See main article: 1955–56 Scottish League Cup.