| Election Name: | 1954 Georgia Democratic gubernatorial primary |
| Country: | Georgia (U.S. state) |
| Type: | presidential |
| Ongoing: | no |
| Previous Election: | 1950 Georgia gubernatorial election |
| Previous Year: | 1950 |
| Next Election: | 1958 Georgia gubernatorial election |
| Next Year: | 1958 |
| Election Date: | September 8, 1954 |
| Flag Year: | 1920 |
| Image1: | File:Marvingriffin (cropped).gif |
| Nominee1: | Marvin Griffin |
| Party1: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote1: | 234,690 |
| Percentage1: | 36.32% |
| Electoral Vote1: | 302 |
| Nominee2: | Melvin E. Thompson |
| Party2: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote2: | 162,007 |
| Percentage2: | 25.07% |
| Electoral Vote2: | 56 |
| Image3: | File:Tom Linder.png |
| Nominee3: | Tom Linder |
| Party3: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote3: | 87,240 |
| Percentage3: | 13.50% |
| Electoral Vote3: | 26 |
| Image4: | File:Fred Hand.png |
| Nominee4: | Frederick Barrow Hand |
| Party4: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote4: | 78,125 |
| Percentage4: | 12.09% |
| Electoral Vote4: | 22 |
| Image5: | File:Charlie Gowen.png |
| Nominee5: | Charlie Gowen |
| Party5: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Popular Vote5: | 73,809 |
| Percentage5: | 11.42% |
| Electoral Vote5: | 4 |
| Map Size: | 250px |
| Governor | |
| Before Election: | Herman Talmadge |
| Before Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| After Election: | Marvin Griffin |
| After Party: | Democratic Party (United States) |
| Needed Votes: | 206 unit |
| Votes For Election: | 410 county unit votes |
The 1954 Georgia gubernatorial election was held on November 2, 1954.
Lieutenant Governor Marvin Griffin won the Democratic primary on September 8 with 36.52% of the vote and 302 out of 410 county unit votes. At this time, Georgia was a one-party state, and the Democratic nomination was tantamount to victory. Griffin won the November general election without an opponent.
This was the final of Melvin Thompson's three failed bids for Governor.
From 1917 until 1962, the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Georgia used a voting system called the county unit system to determine victors in statewide primary elections.[1]
The system was ostensibly designed to function similarly to the Electoral College, but in practice the large ratio of unit votes for small, rural counties to unit votes for more populous urban areas provided outsized political influence to the smaller counties.[2] [3]
Under the county unit system, the 159 counties in Georgia were divided by population into three categories. The largest eight counties were classified as "Urban", the next-largest 30 counties were classified as "Town", and the remaining 121 counties were classified as "Rural". Urban counties were given 6 unit votes, Town counties were given 4 unit votes, and Rural counties were given 2 unit votes, for a total of 410 available unit votes. Each county's unit votes were awarded on a winner-take-all basis.
Candidates were required to obtain a majority of unit votes (not necessarily a majority of the popular vote), or 206 total unit votes, to win the election. If no candidate received a majority in the initial primary, a runoff election was held between the top two candidates to determine a winner.[4]