1953 Pacific typhoon season explained

Basin:WPac
Year:1953
Track:1953 Pacific typhoon season summary map.png
First Storm Formed:February 18, 1953
Last Storm Dissipated:December 22, 1953
Strongest Storm Name:Nina
Strongest Storm Pressure:885
Strongest Storm Winds:160
Total Storms:24
Total Hurricanes:17
Total Intense:5 (unofficial)
Fatalities:430
Average Wind Speed:1
Five Seasons:1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955
Atlantic Season:1953 Atlantic hurricane season
East Pacific Season:1953 Pacific hurricane season
North Indian Season:1950s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons

The 1953 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1953, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the International Date Line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1953 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west Pacific basin were assigned a name by the Fleet Weather Center on Guam.

Systems

Typhoon Irma

Basin:WPac
Formed:February 18
Dissipated:February 25
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:100
Pressure:980

Irma formed on February 18, just near the International Date Line. The storm moved west over the following days, slowly increasing its speed before reaching its peak intensity on February 23. The storm quickly lost speed, then made landfall over the Visayas archipelago of the Philippines. On December 25, the storm dissipated just near the province of Iloilo.[1]

Typhoon Judy

Basin:WPac
Formed:May 28
Dissipated:June 7
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:120
Pressure:940

Judy formed on May 28, to the east of the Philippines. The next day, the storm started moving west, then later moving northwest. Over the following days, the storm moved northwest, albeit curving. On June 4, the typhoon hit the Philippines, reaching its peak intensity in Luzon. The storm later curved north, skirting Taiwan. The storm started losing speed, then increased speed on June 6. The storm later curved north, directly hitting Japan. Later dissipating the next day.[2]

Judy damaged multiple areas in Japan, causing 37 deaths, 17 injuries, and leading 56 people missing. The storm also destroyed 1802 houses, inundated another 33 thousand, and damaged 139 ships.[3] [4]

Tropical Storm 04W

Basin:WPac
Formed:June 21
Dissipated:July 2
Type1:nwpstorm
1-Min Winds:40
Pressure:1000

04W formed on June 21. The storm moved northwest, making landfall in the Philippines on June 25, reaching its peak intensity. On June 26, the storm quickly curved north and then quickly moved south the same day. A few days later, the storm made landfall in Hainan and later Mainland China.[5]

Super Typhoon Kit

Basin:WPac
Formed:June 25
Dissipated:July 8
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:150
Pressure:910

On June 25, Kit formed just south of the Philippines. Over the following days, the storm traverses west, then later northwest, having peak intensity on June 29. Kit later starts decreasing speed on July 1, then made landfall in Taiwan on July 3. The next day, Kit settles in China, curving north. The storm stayed in China over the following days, then made landfall on the Korea peninsula on July 5. The storm later makes landfall in Japan on July 7, then dissipated the following day.[6]

Because of the storm, strong winds were recorded in Batanes, with widespread precipitation.[7] Other than rain, Kit destroyed a ship and damaged another.[8]

Typhoon Lola

On July 23, Lola spawned southeast of Japan. The typhoon curved northwest before differing between north and west. The storm then drifted north before curving northeast and dissipating shortly after on August 3.[9]

Basin:WPac
Formed:July 23
Dissipated:August 3
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:80
Pressure:970

Typhoon Mamie

Basin:WPac
Formed:July 30
Dissipated:August 8
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:100
Pressure:980

Super Typhoon Nina

Basin:WPac
Formed:August 8
Dissipated:August 18
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:160
Pressure:885

Nina was a major storm. It made landfall in China as a Category 4 tropical cyclone.

Tropical Storm 09W

Basin:WPac
Formed:August 9
Dissipated:August 11
Type1:nwpdepression
1-Min Winds:45

Typhoon Ophelia

Basin:WPac
Formed:August 12
Dissipated:August 16
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:100
Pressure:960

Ophelia hit Hong Kong and Vietnam.

Typhoon Phyllis

Basin:WPac
Formed:August 15
Dissipated:August 22
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:75
Pressure:975

Typhoon Rita

Basin:WPac
Formed:August 23
Dissipated:September 2
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:125
Pressure:940

Rita hit China as a tropical storm.

Tropical Storm 13W

Basin:WPac
Formed:August 26
Dissipated:August 29
Type1:nwpstorm
1-Min Winds:55
Pressure:995

Typhoon Susan

Basin:WPac
Formed:September 15
Dissipated:September 20
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:110
Pressure:970

Susan hit Hong Kong.[10]

Super Typhoon Tess

Basin:WPac
Formed:September 17
Dissipated:September 27
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:150
Pressure:900

Typhoon Tess struck the Central Honshū Island in Japan. 393 people were killed and 85 were missing.[11]

Tropical Storm 16W

Basin:WPac
Formed:September 25
Dissipated:September 28
Type1:nwpstorm
1-Min Winds:40
Pressure:1000

JMA Tropical Storm 15

Type:nwpstorm
Basin:WPac
Formed:October 1
Dissipated:October 3
Pressure:999

Typhoon Viola

Basin:WPac
Formed:October 3
Dissipated:October 8
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:100
Pressure:965

Typhoon Winnie

Basin:WPac
Formed:October 6
Dissipated:October 9
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:65
Pressure:990

Typhoon Alice

Basin:WPac
Formed:October 11
Dissipated:October 23
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:100
Pressure:915

See main article: Typhoon Alice (1953).

Typhoon Betty

Basin:WPac
Formed:October 25
Dissipated:November 2
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:130
Pressure:965

Betty hit Hong Kong and then took an unusual track; going from west to east.

Typhoon Cora

Basin:WPac
Formed:November 8
Dissipated:November 20
Type1:typhoon
1-Min Winds:120
Pressure:960

Cora crossed the northern Philippines and hit its peak strength, then rapidly weakened and dissipated.

Tropical Storm 22W

Basin:WPac
Formed:November 25
Dissipated:November 29
Type1:nwpstorm
1-Min Winds:40
Pressure:1000

Tropical Storm 23W

Basin:WPac
Formed:November 28
Dissipated:December 3
Type1:nwpstorm
1-Min Winds:40
Pressure:1000

Super Typhoon Doris

Basin:WPac
Formed:December 9
Dissipated:December 22
1-Min Winds:150
Type1:typhoon
Pressure:935

A rare late-season Super Typhoon. Doris did not affect land, but caused nine fatalities when a USAF PB4Y-2 disappeared during a flight into the typhoon.[12]

Storm names

  • Irma
  • Judy
  • Kit
  • Lola
  • Mamie
  • Nina
  • Ophelia
  • Phyllis
  • Rita
  • Susan
  • Tess
  • Viola
  • Winnie
  • Alice
  • Betty
  • Cora
  • Doris

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 1953 Typhoon IRMA (1953049N07167) . 18 September 2024 . IBTRACS.
  2. Web site: 1953 Super Typhoon JUDY (1953148N08150) . 18 September 2024 . IBTRACS.
  3. Web site: Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 195302 (JUDY) - Disaster Information . 2024-09-18 . agora.ex.nii.ac.jp.
  4. News: Typhoon Skirts Philippines. June 3, 1953. The New York Times. January 3, 2021.
  5. Web site: 1953 Tropical Storm UNNAMED (1953172N08142) . 18 September 2024 . IBTRACS.
  6. Web site: 1953 Super Typhoon KIT (1953176N05150) . 18 September 2024 . IBTRACS.
  7. Book: Report . 1950 . Philippine Weather Bureau . en.
  8. Book: Council, United States Merchant Marine . Proceedings . 1955 . U.S. Coast Guard. . en.
  9. Web site: 1953 Typhoon LOLA (1953205N17158) . 14 October 2024 . IBTRACS.
  10. Web site: Significant storm surge events in Hong Kong before 1953. 2020-08-11. www.hko.gov.hk. en.
  11. Web site: Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 195313 (TESS) - Disaster Information. 2020-08-30. agora.ex.nii.ac.jp.
  12. https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/the-6-lost-hurricane-hunter-missions-part-iii-typhoon-doris-1953.html "The 6 lost Hurricane Hunter missions, Part III: Typhoon Doris, 1953"

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