1949 in Romania explained

Events from the year 1949 in Romania. The year saw the introduction of collectivization and the first Romanian identity card.

Incumbents

• President of the Provisional Presidium of the Republic

Constantin Ion Parhon.^[1]

• Prime Minister

Petru Groza.^[2]

• General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party

Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej.^[3]

Events

• 12 January – Capital punishment is introduced for treason and sabotage.^[4]
• 15 February – The Romanian Aeronautical Command is reorganised as the Aviation Command of the Army of the Socialist Republic of Romania, with regiments and aerodrome servicing battalions based on the model of the Soviet Air Forces.^[5]
• 3–5 March – The collectivization of agriculture is announced, with the abolition of the traditional rural hierarchy and socialisation of the agricultural workforce based on the Soviet kolkhoz.^[6]
• 29 June – Work on the Danube–Black Sea Canal commences.^[7]
• 23 August – Romania celebrates the first Liberation from Fascist Occupation Day.^[8]
• 14 September – The newspaper Scînteia accuses Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia of planning to invade Romania.^[9]
• 15 September – The first Romanian identity card (ro|Carte de identitate) is issued, causing concern amongst minorities like the Székelys.^[10]

Births

• 5 January – Virginia Bonci, Olympic high jumper.^[11]
• 28 February – Zoia Ceaușescu, mathematician (died 2006).
• 20 March –Anca Petrescu, architect for the Palace of the Parliament (died 2013).^[12]
• 25 March – Margareta of Romania, princess.^[13]
• 12 April – Florin Zamfirescu, theatre and film actor and director.
• 14 June – Dan-Virgil Voiculescu, mathematician.
• 26 June – Decebal Traian Remeș, economist and politician, Minister of Finance (died 2020).
• 1 August – Mugur Isărescu, Governor of the National Bank of Romania, ex-Prime Minister of Romania, and member of the Romanian Academy.
• 16 September – Hildegard Puwak, politician and Minister for European Integration (died 2018).^[14]
• 26 October – Corina Chiriac, singer and actress.
• 12 November – Adriana Babeți, literary critic, translator, novelist, essayist. and academic.
• 28 November – Corneliu Vadim Tudor, poet, writer, journalist, and politician (died 2015).
• 24 December – Mircea Diaconu, actor, writer, and politician.^[15]

Deaths

• 1 February – N. D. Cocea, satirist (born 1880).^[16]
• 28 March – Grigoraș Dinicu, composer (born 1889).^[17]
• 1 April – Ion Negulescu, lieutenant general during World War II, Minister of War in 1944–1945, died in Jilava Prison (born 1887).^[18]
• 28 April – Radu Korne, brigadier general during World War II, died in Jilava Prison (born 1895).^[19]
• 11 July – Corneliu Dragalina, lieutenant general during World War II (born 1887).
• 8 October – Gheorghe Mironescu, politician, Prime Minister of Romania in 1930–1931 (born 1874).
• 17 October – Aurel Aldea, lieutenant general during World War II, Interior Minister, and anti-communist resistance leader, died in Aiud Prison (born 1887).^[20]
• 28 October – Nicolae Dabija, officer who led a group of anti-communist resistance fighters, executed at a cemetery in Sibiu (born 1907).^[21]

Notes and References

1. Book: Cioroianu, Adrian. Adrian Cioroianu. Pe umerii lui Marx. O introducere în istoria comunismului românesc. On the Shoulders of Marx. An Incursion into the History of Romanian Communism. Editura Curtea Veche. Bucharest. 2005. RO. 978-973-669-390-8. 280.
2. Book: Tucker, Spencer . The Cold War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection . Santa Barbara . ABC-CLIO . 2020 . 978-1-44086-076-8 . 669.
3. Book: Bell, Imogen . Central and South-Eastern Europe . London . Europa . 2003 . 978-1-85743-186-5 . 483.
4. Book: Deletan, Dennis . Communist Terror in Romania: Gheorghiu-Dej and the Police State, 1948-1965 . New York . St. Martin's Press . 1998 . 130 . 978-0-31221-904-8.
5. Book: Nicolae . Balotescu . Dumitru . Burlacu . Dumitru . Crăciun . Viorel I. . Andrei . Marin . Anton . Ştefan . Ardelea . Istoria Aviației Române . The History of Romanian Aviation. Bucharest . Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică . 1984 . 622 . 895118866 . RO.
6. Book: Gail . Kligman . Katherine . Verdery . Peasants Under Siege: The Collectivization of Romanian Agriculture, 1949-1962 . Princeton . Princeton University Press . 2017 . 123 . 978-1-40084-043-4 .
7. Book: Treptow, Kurt W. . A History of Romania . Iasi . Center for Romania Studies . 1996 . 523 . 978-0-88033-345-0.
8. Book: Constantin . Iordachi . Dorin . Dobrincu . Transforming Peasants, Property and Power: The Collectivization of Agriculture in Romania, 1949–1962 . New York . Central European University Press . 2009 . 76 . 978-6-15521-172-0 .
9. News: September 14, 1949 . Romanian Invasion Plot Is Charged Against Tito . . Toledo, Ohio . 2.
10. Book: Gagyi, József . A Krízis éve a Székelyföldön 1949 . 1949: The Year of the Crisis in Szeklerland . Csíkszereda . Pro-Print . 2004 . 48 . 978-9-73846-822-1 . HU.
11. Virginia Bonci Olympic Results . https://web.archive.org/web/20200418093245/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/bo/virginia-bonci-1.html . dead . 18 April 2020 . 5 December 2017.
12. Book: Mary . Pepchinski . Mariann . Simon . Ideological Equals: Women Architects in Socialist Europe 1945-1989 . London . Taylor & Francis . 2017 . 141 . 978-1-31711-902-9.
13. Book: Montgomery-Massingberd . Hugh . Burke's Guide to the Royal Family . London . Burke's Peerage . 1973 . 279 . 978-0-22066-222-6.
14. Book: Cartea Albastră a Democrației: Un Ghid al Instituțiilor Publice Centrale. The Blue Book of Democracy: A Guide to Central Public Institutions. Bucharest. Asociația Pro Democrația. 2006. 150. 978-9-73701-041-4. RO.
15. Book: Simion, Eugen . Dicționarul General al Literaturii Romăne: C-D . General Dictionary of Romanian Literature: C-D . RO . Bucharest . Univers Enciclopedic . 2004 . 647 . 978-9-73637-072-4.
16. Book: Prokhorov, Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich . Great Soviet Encyclopedia - Volume 13 . 47 . New York . . 1976 . 978-0-02880-120-9.
17. Book: Muzicieni Români: Compozitori și Muzicologi . Romanian Musicians: Composers and Musicologists . RO . Bucharest . Editura Muzicală a Uniunii Compozitorilor . 1970 . 157 . 909768452.
18. Web site: Negulescu Ion (n. 1887  - d. 1949). ro. infocultural.eu. January 25, 2023. November 1, 2024.
19. Web site: Generalul Radu Korne. ro. Alesandru. Duțu. Art-Emis. 14 January 2018. 15 August 2022.
20. Web site: Generalul Aurel Aldea — un erou al Mișcării Naționale de Rezistență. Constantin. Smedescu. October 24, 2019. Gazeta Oltului. August 15, 2022. ro.
21. Web site: 28 octombrie 1949 - execuția maiorului Nicolae Dabija și a altor 6 membri ai organizației Frontul Apărării Patriei Române . Fundația Academia Civică . Memorial of the Victims of Communism and of the Resistance. ro. August 16, 2022.