1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aleppo explained

The 1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aleppo were an attack on Syrian Jews in Aleppo, Syria in December 1947, following the United Nations vote in favour of partitioning British Palestine. The attack, a part of an anti-Jewish wave of unrest across the Middle East and North Africa, resulted in some 75 Jews murdered and several hundred wounded. In the aftermath of the riots, half the city's Jewish population fled the city.

History

Syria gained independence from France in April 1946. The Haganah's illegal immigration operative Akiva Feinstein wrote in 1947 that the new Syrian government then commenced persecuting the Jewish minority, that all Jewish clerks working for the French bureaucracy were fired, and the government tried to stifle Jewish businesses. At the time of the United Nations vote on November 29, 1947, the Jewish community in Aleppo numbered around 10,000 and went back around two thousand years.

After the vote in favour of the partition of Palestine, the government abetted and organised Aleppo's Arab inhabitants to attack the city's Jewish population.[1] [2] The exact number of those killed remains unknown, but estimates are put at around 75, with several hundred wounded.[3] [2] [4] Ten synagogues, five schools, an orphanage and a youth club, along with several Jewish shops and 150 houses were set ablaze and destroyed.[5] Damaged property was estimated to be valued at US$2.5m.[6] [7] During the pogrom the Aleppo Codex, an important medieval manuscript of the Torah, was lost and feared destroyed. The book reappeared (with 40% of pages missing) in Israel in 1958.[8]

Following the attack, the Jewish community went into a steep decline. Wealthy Jews escaped the day after the pogrom and many more fled in small groups in subsequent months.[9] Their property was forfeited and on December 22 the Syrian Government enacted a law forbidding Jews from selling their property. As of 2012, no Jews live in Aleppo.[10]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Itamar Leṿin. Locked doors: the seizure of Jewish property in Arab countries. 18 October 2010. 2001. Greenwood Publishing Group. 978-0-275-97134-2. 167–171.
  2. Book: Hayim Tawil. Bernard Schneider. Crown of Aleppo: The Mystery of the Oldest Hebrew Bible Codex. 18 October 2010. December 2009. Jewish Publication Society. 978-0-8276-0895-5. 163.
  3. Book: Jacob Freid. Jews in the modern world. 18 October 2010. 1962. Twayne Publishers. 68.
  4. Daniel Pipes, Greater Syria: The History of an Ambition, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990) p. 57, records 75 victims of the Aleppo massacre.
  5. Book: Benny Morris. 1948: a history of the first Arab-Israeli war. 18 October 2010. 2008. Yale University Press. 412. 9780300126969 .
  6. Book: Andrew G. Bostom. The legacy of Islamic antisemitism: from sacred texts to solemn history. 18 October 2010. 2008. Prometheus Books. 159. 9781591025542 .
  7. Book: W. A. Veenhoven. Case Studies on Human Rights And Fundamental Freedoms. 18 October 2010. February 1977. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 978-90-247-1957-0. 90.
  8. News: Ronen Bergman . Ronen Bergman . A High Holy Whodunit . . July 25, 2012 . 2012-07-26 .
  9. Book: Colin Shindler. A history of modern Israel. registration. 18 October 2010. 2008. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-61538-9. 63.
  10. News: A Different History of Displacement and Loss: There is More Than one way to look at the Commemoration of 1948′s Palestinian Defeat and Dispersion. Friedman. Matti. May 15, 2012. The Times of Israel. 15 May 2014.