| Country: | Liechtenstein |
| Previous Election: | 1939 |
| Next Election: | 1949 |
| Election Date: | 29 April 1945 |
| Election Name: | 1945 Liechtenstein general election |
| Seats For Election: | All 15 seats in the Landtag |
| Majority Seats: | 8 |
| Turnout: | 94.11% |
| Party1: | Progressive Citizens' Party |
| Leader1: | Josef Hoop |
| Percentage1: | 54.72 |
| Seats1: | 8 |
| Last Election1: | 8 |
| Party2: | Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein) |
| Leader2: | Otto Schaedler |
| Percentage2: | 45.28 |
| Seats2: | 7 |
| Last Election2: | 7 |
| Prime Minister | |
| Before Election: | Josef Hoop |
| Before Party: | Progressive Citizens' Party |
| After Election: | Josef Hoop |
| After Party: | Progressive Citizens' Party |
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 29 April 1945.[1] Following the "silent elections" of 1939, they were the first to use the new proportional representation system. The Progressive Citizens' Party won eight of the 15 seats in the Landtag,[2] but remained in coalition with the Patriotic Union.[3]
Previously voters had chosen members of the Landtag by writing the names of as many candidates on the ballot paper as there were seats in their constituency.[4] In the new system, parties put forward lists of candidates.[5] The lists served as the ballot papers, with voters submitting their favoured list to the ballot box.[5] Voters could also change the lists by crossing out names and adding others from other lists.[5] After the number of seats a party had won was decided, the candidates who had received the most votes after the voter amendments were elected.[5]
The threshold had been set at 18%, considered to be very high, primarily in order to prevent Nazi parties such as the German National Movement in Liechtenstein (VDBL) from gaining seats in the Landtag.[1]
| Electoral district | Seats | Electorate | Party | Elected members | Substitutes | Votes | % | Seats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oberland | 9 | 2,032 | bgcolor= | Patriotic Union | 972 | 51.9 | 5 | |||
| bgcolor= | Progressive Citizens' Party | 901 | 48.1 | 4 | ||||||
| Unterland | 6 | 1,056 | bgcolor= | Progressive Citizens' Party | 652 | 67.6 | 4 | |||
| bgcolor= | Patriotic Union | 313 | 32.4 | 2 | ||||||
| Source: Statistisches Jahrbuch 2005, Vogt[6] | ||||||||||
The 1945 elections are depicted in the 1993 film Vent d'est, about a group of Russian collaborationist soldiers who sought asylum in Liechtenstein at the end of the war.