| Detroit Tigers | |
| Season: | 1945 |
| Misc: | World Series Champions American League Champions |
| League: | American League |
| Ballpark: | Briggs Stadium |
| City: | Detroit, Michigan |
| Owners: | Walter Briggs, Sr. |
| General Managers: | Jack Zeller |
| Managers: | Steve O'Neill |
| Radio: | WJLB (Harry Heilmann, Don Wattrick) |
The 1945 Detroit Tigers was the team's 45th since they entered the American League in 1901. The team won the American League pennant, then went on to win the 1945 World Series, defeating the Chicago Cubs 4 games to 3. It was the second World Series championship for the Tigers. Detroit pitcher Hal Newhouser was named the American League's Most Valuable Player for the second consecutive season.
The catching duties were split between Bob Swift (94 games) and Paul Richards (83 games). Swift hit .233, and Richards .256. Richards got the nod as the starting catcher in the World Series. Swift took over as the Tigers' manager in 1965 after Chuck Dressen was felled by two heart attacks. Later that year, Swift was diagnosed with lung cancer and died in October at age 51. Richards went on to be a manager for the White Sox (1951–54), Orioles (1955–61), and Braves (1966–72).
First baseman Rudy York was among the American League leaders in home runs for 11 consecutive seasons from 1937 to 1947, and his .503 slugging percentage as a Tiger ranks #4 in franchise history. In 1945, York hit .264 with 18 home runs and 87 RBIs. York had a poor World Series in 1945, playing in all seven games, but batting only .179 with no home runs.
Prior to 1944, second baseman Eddie Mayo had never hit for a batting average higher than .227. Yet in 1945, Mayo hit for a .285 average and .347 on base percentage with 24 doubles and a career-high 10 home runs. Mayo also won his second Gold Glove award in 1945 and led all American League second basemen with a .980 fielding percentage. Selected for the American League All-Star team, he had the highest batting average among Tigers players with at least 300 at bats. Hal Newhouser credited Mayo for sparking the Tigers' 1945 pennant drive, calling him the "take-charge guy in our infield." Mayo finished second to Newhouser in the AL MVP voting. Newhouser had 9 first place votes, and Mayo had 7.
Traded to the Tigers after the 1944 season, shortstop Skeeter Webb proved to be a liability at bat, as he hit only .199. Though he was a fine fielder, many believed he held onto the starting shortstop job despite his weak hitting because he was married to the daughter of Tigers' manager Steve O'Neill. In Game 7 of the World Series, Skeeter had his best performance, scoring two runs and fielding the final out of the Series.
Third baseman Bob Maier played only one season in the big leagues, but he spent that season on a championship team. Maier played in 132 games for the 1945 Tigers, batting .263 with 58 runs, 34 RBIs, 25 doubles, 7 triples, and 7 stolen bases. Though he was the starting third baseman during the regular season, the starting job went to Jimmy Outlaw in the World Series, as Outlaw moved from the outfield to third base to make room for Hank Greenberg who had returned from military service in July. Maier had a pinch-hit single Game 6 of the 1945 World Series, which turned to be his last major league at bat.
Jimmy Outlaw was the left fielder for the first half of the season, but he was replaced by Hank Greenberg when he returned from service in World War II in July. After Greenberg returned, Outlaw played 21 games at third base, 17 games in center field and 8 games in right field. Outlaw hit .271 in 132 games.
Greenberg had missed four seasons to military service, but rejoined the Tigers after his discharge on July 1, 1945. At age 34, Greenberg picked up where he left off, hitting a home run in his first game. Without the benefit of spring training, he returned to the Tigers, was again voted to the All-Star Team, and hit a dramatic pennant-clinching grand slam home run in the 9th inning on the last day of the regular season. He also set a major league record with 11 multi-homer games in 1945.
Center fielder Doc Cramer, nicknamed "Flit", was a veteran player who had been playing in the major leagues since 1929. He ended his career with 2,705 hits. In 1945, at age 40, he was the oldest player on an old team. He hit .275 with 58 RBIs in the regular season and led the team with a .379 batting average in the 1945 World Series, scoring seven runs and batting in four.
Shortly before the 1945 season started, right fielder Roy Cullenbine was traded by the Indians to the Tigers. Cullenbine was raised in Detroit and started his career as a Tiger but was declared a free agent by Judge Landis in 1940. In 1945, Cullenbine led the American League with 113 walks and was 2nd in the AL with a .402 on-base percentage. He also hit for power in 1945, with 18 home runs (tied with Rudy York for 2nd in the AL), 93 RBIs (2nd in the AL), 51 extra base hits (4th in the AL), and a .444 slugging percentage (3rd in the AL). Despite batting only .227 in the Series, Cullenbine walked 8 times for a .433 on-base percentage and scored five runs.
The starting pitchers were Hal Newhouser, Dizzy Trout, Al Benton, Stubby Overmire, and Les Mueller.
Hal Newhouser, also known as "Prince Hal", won 25 games and was named the American League's Most Valuable Player for the second consecutive season. He was the first pitcher in the history of the American League to win the MVP for two consecutive seasons.[1] Newhouser won the pitching triple crown, leading the American League in wins (25, against nine losses), ERA (1.81) and strikeouts (212). He also led the league in innings pitched, games started (36), complete games (29), and shutouts (8). Newhouser also won two games in the World Series, including the deciding seventh game. Newhouser and Greenberg were the only two players from the 1945 Tigers who were elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Al Benton missed the 1943 and 1944 seasons while serving in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He was discharged from the Navy in November 1944 and had his best year in 1945. He compiled a record of 13–8, a career-low 2.02 ERA, five shutouts, and 12 complete games in 191.2 innings. In a remarkable testament to the Tigers' pitching in 1945, Newhouser and Benton were No. 1 and No. 2 in ERA among AL pitchers. Newhouser's Adjusted ERA+ in 1945 was 195 and Benton's was 175. The Adjusted ERA+ figures posted by Newhouser and Benton in 1945 rank as the 1st and 5th best seasons all time for a Detroit Tigers pitcher with at least 150 innings pitched. (See Detroit Tigers team records)
After winning 20 games in 1943 and 27 games in 1944, Dizzy Trout won 18 games in 1945 and was a workhorse in the pennant drive. He pitched six games and won four over a nine-game late-season stretch. In Game 4 of the 1945 World Series, Trout beat the Cubs 4–1 on a five-hitter. Trout went 1–1 in the Series with an ERA of 0.66.
The Tigers #4 starter in 1945 was Stubby Overmire. He won 9 games and started Game 3 of the 1945 World Series against the Chicago Cubs. Despite giving up only 2 runs in 6 innings, Overmire took the loss as the Tigers were shut out 3–0.
After service in the Navy, Virgil Trucks returned to the Tigers on the last day of the regular season. He got the start in the final game (allowing 1 run in innings), in which the Tigers clinched the pennant. To help returning veterans, the Commissioner waived the rule requiring a player to be on the roster on September 1 to be eligible for World Series play. Trucks was the winning pitcher in Game 2 of the World Series.
Though he had a record of 6–8, pitcher Les Mueller appeared in 26 games and played an important role in the 1945 Tigers season. After missing the 1942–1944 seasons to military service, Mueller gave up a single to Pete Gray, the St. Louis Browns' famous one-armed outfielder, in Gray's first major league game in April 1945. Three months later, on July 21, 1945, Mueller pitched the first innings for the Tigers and left having given up only 1 run. No pitcher has thrown as many innings in a major league game since Mueller's feat. The game lasted 4 hours and 48 minutes before the game was called due to darkness. Mueller also pitched 2 scoreless innings in Game 1 of the 1945 World Series.
Relief pitching was split between George Caster (who was selected off waivers from the St. Louis Browns on August 8, 1945),[2] Walter Wilson, Zeb Eaton, and Art Houtteman.
| 1945 Detroit Tigers | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roster | |||||||||
| Pitchers | CatchersInfielders | OutfieldersOther batters | ManagerCoaches | ||||||
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | 95 | 279 | 65 | .233 | 0 | 24 | ||
| 1B | 155 | 595 | 157 | .264 | 18 | 87 | ||
| 2B | 134 | 501 | 143 | .285 | 10 | 54 | ||
| 3B | 132 | 486 | 128 | .263 | 1 | 34 | ||
| SS | 118 | 407 | 81 | .199 | 0 | 21 | ||
| OF | 146 | 523 | 145 | .277 | 18 | 93 | ||
| OF | 141 | 541 | 149 | .275 | 6 | 58 | ||
| OF | 132 | 446 | 121 | .271 | 0 | 34 |
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 78 | 270 | 84 | .311 | 13 | 60 | ||
| 83 | 234 | 60 | .256 | 3 | 32 | ||
| 74 | 222 | 57 | .257 | 1 | 17 | ||
| 55 | 130 | 35 | .269 | 0 | 9 | ||
| 42 | 44 | 7 | .159 | 0 | 2 | ||
| 8 | 29 | 11 | .379 | 0 | 4 | ||
| 28 | 23 | 3 | .130 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 10 | 15 | 2 | .133 | 0 | 2 | ||
| 19 | 14 | 2 | .143 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 2 | 4 | 3 | .750 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 2 | 2 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 1 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 1 | 1 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 |
Note: pitchers' batting statistics not included
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | 313.1 | 25 | 9 | 1.81 | 212 | ||
| 41 | 246.1 | 18 | 15 | 3.14 | 97 | ||
| 31 | 191.2 | 13 | 8 | 2.02 | 76 | ||
| 31 | 162.1 | 9 | 9 | 3.88 | 36 | ||
| 26 | 134.2 | 6 | 8 | 3.68 | 42 | ||
| 1 | 5.1 | 0 | 0 | 1.69 | 32 |
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 58.1 | 4 | 5 | 3.55 | 14 | ||
| 12 | 48.0 | 2 | 3 | 3.00 | 14 | ||
| 3 | 11.1 | 0 | 0 | 1.59 | 3 | ||
| 4 | 11.0 | 1 | 0 | 3.27 | 6 |
Note: G = Games pitched; W= Wins; L= Losses; SV = Saves; GF = Games finished; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | W | L | SV | GF | ERA | SO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 3.86 | 23 | ||
| 25 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 4.61 | 28 | ||
| 17 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 4.05 | 15 | ||
| 13 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 9 | 5.33 | 9 | ||
| 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1.80 | 10 | ||
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9.00 | 0 |
See main article: 1945 World Series.
The 1945 World Series featured the Tigers and the Chicago Cubs, with the Tigers winning in seven games for their second championship in six World Series appearances. To minimize travel due to wartime restrictions, the first three games were played at Briggs Stadium in Detroit, and the remaining four games at Wrigley Field in Chicago.
Because of the depleted talent pool resulting from many players being in the military, the Tigers and the Cubs both fielded teams which would have been considered mediocre before or after the war. Warren Brown, author of a 1946 history of the Cubs, commented on this by titling his chapter on the 1945 World Series, "World's Worst Series". Sportswriter Frank Graham jokingly called this Series "the fat men versus the tall men at the office picnic."
In Game 1, Detroit ace Hal Newhouser gave up four runs in the first inning and three more in the third. Pitching for the Cubs in his first of four games in the 1945 Series, Hank Borowy threw a six-hit shutout to defeat the Tigers, 9–0.
In Game 2, Virgil Trucks got the start less than a week after his discharge from the U.S. Navy. Trucks held the Cubs to 1 run, and Hank Greenberg hit a three-run home run in the fifth inning. The Tigers won, 4–1, to even the Series.
In Game 3, the Tigers were shut out by Cubs pitcher Claude Passeau. Passeau allowed only one hit—a single by Rudy York. The Tigers lost, 3–0.
In Game 4, Dizzy Trout helped even the Series, allowing only 5 hits and 1 run. The Tigers won, 4–1.
In Game 5, Hal Newhouser faced Hank Borowy. Newhouser struck out 9 Cubs, and Hank Greenberg hit three doubles off Borowy. The Tigers won 8–4.
In Game 6, Hank Greenberg hit a home run in the eighth inning to tie the score, although the Cubs won, 8–7, in extra innings. The game ended in the 12th inning with a line drive by Stan Hack which took a bad hop past Greenberg in left field. Initially, Greenberg was charged with an error, but the call was reversed the next morning, and Hack was credited with a double. Game 6 is also remembered for Chuck Hostetler's baserunning blunder. The 42-year-old Hostetler had debuted the previous year as the oldest rookie in MLB history. He reached base in Game 6 on an error to start the 6th inning. He advanced to second with one out, and when Doc Cramer hit a single to left field, Hostetler ran through manager Steve O'Neill's stop sign at third base. He tried to put on his brakes half way home, lost his footing, fell to the ground, and was tagged out while scrambling around on all fours. The Tigers could have avoided extra innings and won the Series in Game 6 if Hostetler had held up, as he would have scored in the following rally. Hostetler did not appear in another major league game.[3] Fifty years later, baseball writer Joe Falls recalled Hostetler's blunder in a column in the Detroit News, writing: "If anyone symbolized the futility of wartime baseball —both in Detroit and America — it was outfielder Chuck Hostetler of the Tigers, the man who fell on his face in the 1945 World Series."[4]
In Game 7, Cubs' manager Charlie Grimm gave the start to Hank Borowy despite his having pitched in Games 1, 5, and 6. The Tigers scored five runs off Borowy in the 1st inning, while Hal Newhouser struck out 10 and held the Cubs to three runs. Doc Cramer went 3-for-5, and Paul Richards hit a bases-loaded double in the first inning to clear the bases and give Newhouser a lead. In all, Richards had two doubles and four RBIs to lead the Tigers in Game 7. The Tigers won the game, 9–3.
The day after the Tigers' Game 7 victory, H. G. Salsinger wrote in the Detroit News that pitching was the key to the Tigers' success: "Detroit beat the Cubs with TNT, meaning Trucks, Newhouser, and Trout, and they beat them twice with 'N.'"[5]
A little known fact about the 1945 World Series is teenage boys worked the games as ushers in the stands. With most able bodied men away at war, young teenage boys were allowed to work as ushers. The boys would line up at the gate outside Briggs Stadium before the game and would be selected in a fashion similar to how migrant workers are selected to work today. The boys would volunteer their services, but would receive tips.
| Game | Score | Date | Location | Attendance | Winning Pitcher | Losing Pitcher | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cubs – 9, Tigers – 0 | October 3 | Briggs Stadium | 54,637 | Hank Borowy | Hal Newhouser | |
| 2 | Cubs – 1, Tigers – 4 | October 4 | Briggs Stadium | 53,636 | Virgil Trucks | Hank Wyse | |
| 3 | Cubs – 3, Tigers – 0 | October 5 | Briggs Stadium | 55,500 | Claude Passeau | Stubby Overmire | |
| 4 | Tigers – 4, Cubs – 1 | October 6 | Wrigley Field | 42,923 | Dizzy Trout | Ray Prim | |
| 5 | Tigers – 8, Cubs – 4 | October 7 | Wrigley Field | 43,463 | Hal Newhouser | Hank Borowy | |
| 6 | Tigers – 7, Cubs – 8 | October 8 | Wrigley Field | 41,708 | Hank Borowy | Dizzy Trout | |
| 7 | Tigers – 9, Cubs – 3 | October 10 | Wrigley Field | 41,590 | Hal Newhouser | Hank Borowy |
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | 29 | 11 | .379 | 0 | 4 | ||
| 7 | 22 | 5 | .227 | 0 | 4 | ||
| 7 | 23 | 7 | .304 | 2 | 7 | ||
| 1 | 3 | 1 | .333 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 3 | 3 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 7 | 28 | 7 | .250 | 0 | 2 | ||
| 3 | 3 | 0 | .000 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 7 | 28 | 5 | .179 | 0 | 3 | ||
| 7 | 19 | 4 | .211 | 0 | 6 | ||
| 3 | 4 | 1 | .250 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 2 | 2 | 1 | .500 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 7 | 27 | 5 | .185 | 0 | 1 | ||
| 7 | 28 | 5 | .179 | 0 | 3 |
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | 20.2 | 2 | 1 | 6.10 | 22 | ||
| 2 | 13.2 | 1 | 1 | 0.66 | 9 | ||
| 2 | 13.1 | 1 | 0 | 3.38 | 7 | ||
| 1 | 6.0 | 0 | 1 | 3.00 | 2 | ||
| 3 | 4.2 | 0 | 0 | 1.93 | 5 | ||
| 1 | 3.0 | 0 | 0 | 6.00 | 0 | ||
| 1 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | ||
| 1 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 16.20 | 1 | ||
| 1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 1 |
The following members of the 1945 Detroit Tigers are among the Top 100 of all time at their position, as ranked by The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract in 2001:
See also: Minor League Baseball.