| Election Name: | 1942 Hauraki by-election |
| Country: | New Zealand |
| Flag Year: | 1942 |
| Type: | presidential |
| Previous Election: | 1938 New Zealand general election |
| Previous Year: | 1938 general |
| Next Election: | 1943 New Zealand general election |
| Next Year: | 1943 general |
| Election Date: | 7 February 1942 |
| Turnout: | 4,916 |
| Party1: | New Zealand National Party |
| Popular Vote1: | 3,805 |
| Percentage1: | 77.41 |
| Candidate2: | Henry Thomas Head |
| Party2: | Independent politician |
| Popular Vote2: | 1,082 |
| Percentage2: | 22.01 |
| MP | |
| Before Election: | John Allen |
| Before Party: | New Zealand National Party |
| After Election: | Andy Sutherland |
| After Party: | New Zealand National Party |
The 1942 Hauraki by-election was a by-election for the electorate of Hauraki held during the 26th New Zealand Parliament.
The by-election was held on 7 February 1942 after the death of Lt-Col John Manchester Allen a National MP on 28 November 1941 while serving with the New Zealand Army in the Middle East (Libya). A by-election was necessary although Labour did not stand a candidate as an independent candidate stood against the National candidate, Andy Sutherland, in this strongly National-held seat.
Sutherland was selected in a ballot by National Party supporters at a meeting in Hamilton.[2]
The following table gives the election results:
The final count with a total of 4,916 votes cast gave Sutherland 3,805, Head 1,082 with 29 informal votes. With the low turnout and the absence of a Labour candidate, the result is not significant.[5]
In late November 1942 three MPs died (on 28, 29 and 30 November), two while on overseas military service. The date for the by-election(s) was a problem because of the post-Christmas break and because of the arrangements required for voting by servicemen overseas. Two by-elections were held on 7 February 1943 for Hauraki and Temuka where two independent candidates stood, but in Mid-Canterbury the widow of the sitting member was unopposed.
The date of the resultant by-elections had been discussed by Peter Fraser the Prime Minister and Minister in charge of the Electoral Department, the clerk of writs J. W. Heenan, and the speaker Bill Barnard. They were all National seats, and the Labour Party did not contest these wartime elections, but as independent candidates stood in two electorates, two by-elections were required. The speaker could not call them until the death was registered (which took longer for overseas deaths), and the Government Printing Office was closed for the Christmas-New Year holiday from 25 December to 7 January, so gazette notices could not be issued in that period. The notification of vacancies by the speaker was on 6 December 1941. A full period of 17 days was required between nomination day and polling day; ten days was too short because of the requirement to record soldier’s votes from overseas. Heenan said that an election on Saturday 27 December was not possible although Saturday 31 January was; but Saturday 7 February 1942 was selected, with the last day for nominations 21 January and writs to be returned on 23 February. Warrants were issued on 13 January.[6]